User:SamuelRiv/List of coups and coup attempts

Draft following the ongoing RfC at.

Verbatim quote section
For this current article draft, this section is almost entirely quoted verbatim from the CDP Dataset Codebook:

The Coup D’état Project (CDP) identifies coups, attempted coups, and coup plots/conspiracies in 136 countries (1945-2019). The data identifies the type of actor who initiated the coup (i.e. military, palace, rebel, etc.) as well as the fate of the deposed executive (killed, injured, exiled, etc.).

The CDP defines coups d'état as organized efforts to effect sudden and irregular (e.g., illegal or extra-legal) removal of the incumbent executive authority of a national government, or to displace the authority of the highest levels of one or more branches of government.

In order to satisfy this definition, the following criteria must be met:
 * 1) Initiating actor(s)
 * 2) Incumbent threat
 * 3) A threat to leader's hold on power
 * 4) Irregular means
 * 5) Organized effort

Coup typology

 * Outcomes
 * Coup Conspiracies - A coup plot discovered and disrupted in the planning stages.
 * Attempted Coups - An initiated coup plot that fails to achieve the effective removal or displacement of the targeted incumbent actor, or fails to end their ability to direct national governance.
 * Realized Coup - A coup that achieves the effective removal or displacement of the targeted incumbent actor, or ends their ability to direct national governance. The plotters need not accomplish the effective takeover of the state apparatus.


 * Actors (not mutually exclusive)
 * Military Coup: Coups initiated by military actors who are not a formal part of the governing apparatus (i.e., a military junta). This category does not include security forces, police, or retired/former officers.
 * Dissident Coup: Coups initiated by a small group of discontents to include ex-military leaders, religious leaders, former government leaders, members of a legislature/parliament, and civilians. This category does not include security forces or police as they are organized arms of the government.
 * Rebel Coup: Coups initiated by organized, militarized groups that have broken with the existing government and are actively contesting government forces.
 * Palace Coup: Coups initiated by members of a faction within the existing government (i.e., ministers, cabinet members, or other high-ranking people in the executive branch). This does not include members of the legislature/parliament. This category can include military personnel if they are members of a ruling military junta.
 * Foreign-backed Coup: Coups with a foreign power as the force behind the event. In many instances the foreign power works in collaboration with a set of domestic actors to remove the incumbent leader and install a government more sympathetic to its interests.
 * Auto Coups: Coups where the existing chief executive takes extreme measures to eliminate, or render powerless, other components of the government (legislature, judiciary, etc.). It also includes situations where the chief executive simply assumes extraordinary powers in an illegal or extra-legal manner (i.e., goes beyond extraordinary measures included in the country’s constitution, such as declaring a state of emergency).
 * Forced Resignations: A soft coup where there is no formal deposing of the chief executive. Instead, the chief executive resigns from his or her position under the imminent threat of illegal or extra-legal removal. If the threat of removal is through legal means spelled out in the constitution, it is not a forced resignation (i.e., President Nixon’s resignation in 1974).
 * Popular Revolt: An irregular regime change driven by widespread popular dissatisfaction expressed through large-scale civil unrest. An event falls into this category if a large-scale popular rebellion overthrows existing leader, forces their resignations, or elites use irregular means to force leadership changes in order to conciliate the populace. It is not a popular revolt if elites overthrow incumbents they consider "soft" on dissent in order to facilitate a crackdown.
 * Counter Coup: A coup where the newly installed, post-coup leadership is removed by members of the prior regime within one month of the preceding, realized coup.
 * Other: A residual case where the initiators do not fit the above categories (military, rebel, dissident, etc.) or the actors in a coup are not identified.

End verbatim quote.

This column lists if the deposed leader was
 * Leader fate (not mutually exclusive)
 * [Put under] House arrest:
 * Fled: left the country
 * Jailed:
 * Tried:
 * Exiled: banished from the country
 * No harm: not physically injured.
 * Injured:
 * Killed:

Coups by year
Table data taken exclusively from CDP, except the event link/source column in the table, which is original. Coups outside the range of the CDP are listed in the next sections.

2020

 * On 7 March, the Saudi Arabian government arrested Princes Ahmed bin Abdulaziz, Muhammad bin Nayef, Nayef bin Ahmed, Nawwaf bin Nayef and Muhammad bin Saad for allegedly planning a coup attempt.
 * 2020 Malian coup d'état: On 18 August, Mutinying soldiers within the Malian Army attacked the capital and the nearby army base. The soldiers arrested both the democratically elected President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta and Prime Minister Boubou Cissé after months of anti-government protests. President Keïta resigns and dissolved both the government and parliament just after midnight. A military junta was soon after installed under Colonel Assimi Goita.
 * On 20 October, a senior army officer in Sudan announced that some retired members of the Popular Defence Forces and officers under leader Brigadier General Mohammed Ibrahim Abdul-Jalil had foiled a coup plot. The Sudanese government has not confirmed this claim.
 * 2020–21 Central African Republic coup d'état attempt: In December 2020 major rebel groups in Central African Republic led by former president François Bozizé formed Coalition of Patriots for Change trying to overthrow the government. Rebel groups attacked Bangui on 13 January but were repulsed by government forces.

Coups from December 1945 to May 2019 from other sources

 * 2019 Amhara Region coup d'état attempt: On 22 June 2019, Factions of the security forces of Amhara Region, Ethiopia, attempted a coup against the regional government after a series of assassinations.
 * In December an attempted coup against the government in Equatorial Guinea.
 * A coup d'état plot was foiled in Austria in April. The leader Monika Unger and others were arrested after they tried to organise an army-led coup.
 * On 21 June 2017, Prince Mohammed bin Salman ousted and succeeded Saudi Crown Prince and de facto leader Muhammad bin Nayef in what was described as a "palace coup".
 * 2016 Libyan coup d'état attempt: On 14 October 2016 an attempted coup against prime minister-designate Fayez al-Sarraj led by Khalifa al-Ghawil.
 * Two attempted Libyan coups one on 14 February 2014 and second *(in table above) in May 2014 by Libyan Republican Alliance led by Maj. Gen. Khalifa Haftar against Prime Minister Ali Zeidan in first coup and Prime Minister Abdullah al-Thani in second coup.
 * On 4 March an attempt coup in Benin led by Col. Pamphile Zomahoun against President Boni Yayi.
 * On 24 March 2013 Séléka rebels overthrew government of the Central African Republic.
 * On 17 April 2013 an attempt Libyan coup against Prime Minister Ali Zeidan by Muammar Gaddafi loyalists.
 * On 20 April 2013 an attempt coup in the Comoros against President Ikililou Dhoinine.
 * On 10 October 2013 a second attempt Libyan coup led by Abdel Moneim Aboul Fotouh against Prime Minister Ali Zeidan.
 * An alleged coup attempt by General Vang Pao and others in the United States to overthrow the Laotian government is foiled.
 * In 2007 Philippines rebel forces led by opposition politician Sen. Antonio Trillanes from the Magdalo Group, storm the Peninsula hotel in an attempted coup.
 * In 2006 the military of Côte d'Ivoire claims to foil a coup attempt targeting President Laurent Gbagbo.
 * 2005 Peru coup attempt next to civil uprising known as the Andahuaylazo, directed by Antauro Humala in the city of Andahuaylas
 * 2004 Chadian coup d'état attempt: A coup attempt against President Idriss Déby was suppressed after a brief exchange of fire.
 * Sarıkız, Ayışığı, Yakamoz and Eldiven were the names of alleged Turkish military coup plans in 2004.