User:Sanchezpl/Educational inequality in the United States

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Furthermore, in a 2006-07 research performed by the Institute of Education Sciences, statistics show that Black, Hispanic, poor, and near-poor students made up 10 percent of the population of total students who attended a public schools that did not not meet Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP).

No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) was a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. Signed in 2001 by President Bush, the law aimed to create a more inclusive, responsive, and fair education system by ensuring that there is accountability, flexibility, and increased federal support for schools.

Some of the criticisms NCLB received include the heavy reliance on standardized test scores as well as harsh penalties for schools whose students were not on track to reach proficiency on said tests.

Every Student Succeeds Act
On December 10, 2015, the NCLB Act came to and end and was replaced the by the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), eliminating some of the controversial provisions of NCLB. Under the new law, the federal government continues to provide a broad framework for schools. However, the responsibility of holding schools accountable shifts back to the states. Each state must set flexible goals for its schools and evaluate them accordingly.

Under the new law, states must still test students once a year in certain areas such as math and reading. However, state aren't limited to using their own tests, while concomitantly encouraging them to get rid of unnecessary testing.

In 2019, Collaborative for Student Success, an educational advocacy organization that focuses on defending efforts on advancing policies that support the development of strong systems and practices to ensure that all kids are prepared to achieve their potential and professional goals held an ESSA Anniversary Summit on Capitol Hill in Washington D.C. At the summit, Becky Pringle, Vice President of the National Education Association (NEA), pointed out that despite "the many successes and new opportunities [ESSA brought]...some states [hadn't] had the capacity to take advantage of the innovations built into the law."