User:Sankarea/sandbox

User talk:Sankarea From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search

Si Eric Arthur Blair (Hunyo 25, 1903 – Enero 21, 1950), mas kilala sa alyas na George Orwell (binibigkas [ˈdʒordʒ ˈor.wɛl]), ay isang Briton na may-akda at mamahayag. Kilala bilang isang komendador sa politika at kultura, gayon din bilang ganap na nobelista, isa si Orwell sa mga hinahangaang mananaysay sa wikang Ingles ng ika-20 siglo. Mahusay na kilala siya sa kanyang mga nasulat na mga nobela patungo sa dulo ng kanyang maikling buhay: ang Animal Farm at Nineteen Eighty-Four Plucked string instruments. Bulbul tarang Bulbul tarang The bulbul tarang (Hindi: बुलबुल तरंग literally "waves of nightingales", alternately Indian banjo) is a string instrument from India and Pakistan which evolved from the Japanese taishōgoto, which likely arrived in South Asia in the 1930s.[1] Ektara The instrument employs two sets of strings, one set for drone, and one for melody. The strings run over a plate or fretboard, while above are keys resembling typewriter keys, which when depressed fret or shorten the strings to raise their pitch.[2] Ektara (Bengali: একতারা, Punjabi: ਇਕ ਤਾਰਾ; literally "one-string", also called iktar, ektar, yaktaro gopichand) is a one-string instrument most often used in traditional music from Bangladesh, India, Egypt, and Pakistan. Ektara In origin the ektara was a regular string instrument of wandering bards and minstrels from India and is plucked with one finger. The ektara usually has a stretched single string, an animal skin over a head (made of dried pumpkin/gourd, wood or coconut) and pole neck or split bamboo cane neck. Pressing the two halves of the neck together loosens the string, thus lowering its pitch. The modulation of the tone with each slight flexing of the neck gives the ektara its distinctive sound. There are no markings or measurements to indicate what pressure will produce what note, so the pressure is adjusted by ear. The sitar is a plucked stringed instrument predominantly used in Indian classical music. It derives its resonance from sympathetic strings, a long hollow neck and a gourd resonating chamber. Used widely throughout the Indian subcontinent, the sitar became known in the western world through the work of Ravi Shankar beginning in the late 1950s and early 1960s after The Kinks' top 10 single "See My Friends" featured a low tuned drone guitar which was widely mistaken to be the instrument.[1] The sitar saw further use in popular music after The Beatles featured the sitar in their compositions, namely "Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)" and "Within You Without You". Their use of the instrument came as a result of George Harrison taking lessons on how to play it from Shankar and Shambhu Das.[2] Shortly after, Brian Jones of The Rolling Stones used a sitar in "Paint It, Black" and a brief fad began for using the instrument in pop songs. Surbahar (Urdu: سربہار; Hindi: सुर बहार), (literally: "Spring Melody" in Persian), sometimes known as bass sitar, is a plucked string instrument used in the Hindustani classical music of North India. It is closely related to sitar, but it has a lower tone. Depending on the instrument's size, it is usually pitched two to five whole steps below the standard sitar, but Indian classical music having no concept of absolute pitch, this may vary. The instrument can emit frequencies lower than 20 Hz. Bowed string instruments The venu (Sanskrit: वेणु; veṇu) is a bamboo transverse flute used in the Carnatic music of South India. Although it is often called Carnatic flute or simply flute in English, venu is the instrument's ancient Sanskrit name. It is also called by various other names in the languages of South India, including pullankuzhal (புல்லாங்குழல்) in Tamil, പുല്ലാങ്കുഴല്‍ in Malayalam, and ಕೊಳಲು (koLalu) in Kannada. It is known as pillana grovi (పిల్లన గ్రోవి) in Telugu (Andhra Pradesh). It is called Bansuri in Marathi (Maharashtra), and is used extensively for Hindustani classical music. The sārangī (Hindi: सारंगी,Nepali: सारंगी, Punjabi: ਸਰੰਗੀ, sarangī) is a bowed, short-necked string instrument of India which originated from Rajasthani folk instruments. It plays an important role in India's Hindustani classical music tradition. Of all Indian instruments, it is said to most resemble the sound of the human voice – able to imitate vocal ornaments such as gamakas (shakes) and meend (sliding movements).

The bansuri (Hindi: बांसुरी, Nepali: बाँसुरी, Marathi: बासरी, Assamese: বাঁহি, Bengali: বাঁশি) is a transverse flute of India made from a single hollow shaft of bamboo with six or seven finger holes. An ancient musical instrument associated with cowherds and the pastoral tradition, it is intimately linked to the love story of Krishna and Radha, and is depicted in Buddhist paintings from around 100 AD. The Bansuri is revered as Lord Krishna's divine instrument, and is often associated with Krishna's Rasa lila; mythological accounts tell of the tunes of Krishna's flute having a spellbinding and enthralling effect not only on the women of the Braj, but even on the animals of the region. The North Indian bansuri, typically about 14 inches in length, was traditionally used as a soprano instrument primarily for accompaniment in lighter compositions including film music. The bass variety (approximately 30", tonic E3 at A440Hz), pioneered by Pt. Pannalal Ghosh and elevated to heights of global renown by the brilliance of Pt. Hariprasad Chaurasia has now been indispensable in Hindustani Classical music for well over half a century. Bansuris range in size from less than 12" to nearly 40". Pepa' is a flute-like musical instrument that is used in traditional music in Assam.

It is usually with very short stem made from small diameter bamboo/cane/reed with the end away from the mouth capped with the horn of a buffalo.

It is an integral part of the culture of Assam.

As the bufallo population is dwindling gradually in Assam due to shrinking pastoral lands,getting a pepa is very difficult these days. Cost of a pepa in market has reached even Rs 2500. e kuzhal is a traditional double reed wind instrument used in the south Indian state of Kerala. It is similar in construction to a nagaswaram or a large shehnai, and has a very shrill and penetrating tone.

Kuzhal is used primarily used as an accompaniment for chenda-led ensembles Panchari Melam and Pandi Melam, where the piper plays the anchor role. However, as prelude to melams, it is also used to present solo concert (with a couple of accompanying instruments), in which case it is called Kuzhal Pattu.

The instrument has a wooden body with a conical bore, at the end of which is affixed a brass bell. The player, who is almost always male, blows through a double reed and closes small holes with both hands. Kombu (instrument) Kombu is a wind instrument (kind of trumpet) usually played along with Panchavadyam, Pandi Melam, Panchari melam etc. This musical instrument is usually seen in Kerala state of south India. The instrument is like a long horn (Kombu in Malayalam language). The Ramsinga is an ancient musical instrument from India. It basically is a natural trumpet consisting of four pipes of very thin metal which fit one within the other. It is mentioned in Emilio Salgari's works such as The Mystery of the Black Jungle, where it is associated with the thugee cult.

In Chapter 62 of Foucault's Pendulum the Ramsinga is also mentioned, being played by a devotee of a druidic sect. Khol From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search For the Austrian politician, see Andreas Khol. For KHOL, a radio station in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, see KHOL.

This article is about khol, Indian drum. See also mridangam drum. For other terms, see kohl.

Mridanga dayan Mridanga bayan

The khol (Bengali,খোল)(Assamese,খোল) also known as a mrdanga (lit. "mrit+anga" = "clay body") or mridanga (not to be confused with mridangam) is a terracotta two-sided drum used in northern and eastern India for accompaniment with devotional music (bhakti). It originates from the Indian states of West Bengal Assam and Manipur. Khol From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search For the Austrian politician, see Andreas Khol. For KHOL, a radio station in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, see KHOL.

This article is about khol, Indian drum. See also mridangam drum. For other terms, see kohl.

Mridanga dayan Mridanga bayan

The khol (Bengali,খোল)(Assamese,খোল) also known as a mrdanga (lit. "mrit+anga" = "clay body") or mridanga (not to be confused with mridangam) is a terracotta two-sided drum used in northern and eastern India for accompaniment with devotional music (bhakti). It originates from the Indian states of West Bengal Assam and Manipur. Timila, thimila or paani, is an hour-glass shaped percussion instrument used in Kerala, South India. It is made of polished jackwood, and the drumheads made of calfskin (preferebly taken from 1-2 year old calf) are held together by leather braces which are also twined round the waist of the drum. This mechanism helps in adjusting the tension and controlling the sound, mainly two: 'tha' and 'thom'.[citation needed] It is one of the constituting instruments in Panchavadyam. It is also a major percussion instrument used in sree-bali, sree-bhootha-bali and related temple rites.[1]

A Panchavadyam performance is begun with Timila Pattu and ends with the Timila Idachal thus making timila a very important component of the traditional Kerala percussion ensemble.[citation needed] Patayani thappu is an Indian frame drum with a wooden rim (formed with three parts) covered with leather on one side. It is played with the hands, as opposed to parai thappu, that is played with sticks. Thappu is used in the ritual art of Kerala known as Patayani, in which the drum accompanies stylized dance movements and provides percussive music in a rhythmic ensemble. Some of the rhythmic patterns performed are Champa, Kaarika, Kumba, Adantha and Marma. In devotional music it is usually accompanied by traditional cymbals called elathalam. Different rhythmic ensembles can be produced by blending thappu with chenda drum. The Tumbi or Toombi (Punjabi: ਤੂੰਬੀ, Pronunciation: tūmbī) is an ancient traditional North Indian musical instrument from Punjab. The tumbi was popularized by the renowned folk-singer of Punjab "Lal Chand Yamla Jatt". In the 1960s, 70s and 80s most of the Punjabi singers used the Tumbi. The most popular were Kuldeep Manak, Mohammed Sadiq, Didar Sandhu, Amar Singh Chamkila and Kartar Ramla.

The high pitched, single string plucking instrument is associated with folk music of Punjab and presently very popular in Western Bhangra must.