User:Sara Laroussi/sandbox

Gnawa, mystical[edit]
Main articles: Gnawa and Gnawa music A gnawa street performer wearing traditional gnawi clothing in Rabat's Qasbat al-Widaya.

Gnawa is a form of music that is mystical. It was gradually brought to Morocco by Sub-Saharan Africans and later became part of the Moroccan tradition. They are known in Morocco for their public performances. The Gnawa people have a specific cultural ceremony Derdeba, which consists of song, dance, and costume. They participate in a spiritual ceremony called “derdeba”. The instruments that get used are these large drums called “tbel” or “qanqa” and metal double castanets called “garageb”. Then there is a three-stringed guitar called the “gimbri” which is a constant instrument through the completion of the ceremony.

Andalusian classical music[edit]
Andalusian classical music (Arabic: طرب أندَلُسي, موسيقى الآلة لاب‎ transliterated ṭarab andalusi or Musiqa al-Ala, Spanish: música andalusí) is a style of Arabic music found in different styles across the Maghreb (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya in the form of the Ma'luf style). It originated out of the music of Al-Andalus (Muslim Iberia) between the 9th and 15th centuries. Some of its poems were found to be composed by authors such as Al-Shushtari, Ibn al-Khatib and Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad. Andalusian music is a part of the longest traditions of art and music in the world. Andalusian music was introduced during the arrival of Ziryab, a freed Persian slave in the early 9th century. After Ziryab's death, two new styles of Arabic poetry were introduced in Spain: Muwashshahat, and Zajal.

Rai, rock music[edit]
Main article: Raï

Rai is more closely associated with Algeria, but Morocco has produced its own stars like Cheb Mimoun and Hanino. Rai music originated from Algeria, but is just as effective and popular in Morocco. This style of music was created during a period of political turmoil, and served a purpose of social and political commentary. Rai music has gained massive support over the years from the urban populace for its purpose of addressing taboo topics. It was also greatly known for code switching between French and Arabic. Rai artists use this method to add to the rhetorical and aesthetic effect of the lyrics, as well as a method of opening the lyrics to a wider range of an audience.