User:Sathish Kumar Vedhachalam

Interesting Facts About Satellite :

Satellite Indian Space Research Organisation

Satellite plays a wider role in modern technology. In this we are going to discuss some interesting facts in satellite.Here are some questions for you. Do we use fuel in satellite? How the satellite withstand high temperature? Where the satellite are placed ? How many satellite do we have launched? What are the parts of satellite and type of battery used?what are the types of antenna used in satellite? History of launching rocket in ISRO? What is the Future advancement and research in space? You will come to know the answer for all the questions when you read till the end. Let's begin

There is a answer for everything when you search for it.

Satellite: All satellite have some sort of major component. Pay load is important aspect in satellite. Reducing weight in satellite will increase it's efficiency. Rocket carry satellite with a speed of 28000Km/hr.

Do satellite use fuel? Yes, of course satellite use fuel. The fuel used in satellite is hydroxide nitrogen tetroxide, mono methyl hydrazine. Mostly they use solar energy. 8000 satellite orbiting the earth and only one has destroyed by a meteorite. When the satellite is about to stop working they move the satellite to particular distance ,hence the satellite is destroyed with help of fuel working inside the satellite and they will be burnt. If not outside the earth look like a garbage of satellite.

How satellite withstand high temperature? The other interesting thing, in our day today life. When a cellphone or computer temperature increases due to continuous working. We stop the system for a while, just imagine about a satellite. How to reduce it's temperature though there is a direct contact UV radiation from the sun which will consequently increase it's temperature of the satellite. To prevent the satellite,we use thermal control system to radiate heat outside the space. This helps us in maintaining the satellite in correct temperature. The temperature that the satellite withstand is from -150℃ to 150℃.

The satellite are present in which region: The rocket works on Newton's third law of motion. When there is a action there is an equal and opposite reaction. The rocket reaches exosphere, rocket remove it's part one by one. When satellite is removed it look like a cube. One wing open and moves with certain speed and spark produced to open the other wing. Satellite is then placed in destined location. They are placed above equator. The satellite which are fixed in a particular part alone is called geostationary satellite. They never moves away in space because of gravitational force exerted between it and the earth. This is also a reason moon hasn't moved away from the earth. Tides in sea produced because of gravitational force between earth and moon.

History of Rocket in ISRO: At first to assembly a rocket was carried by technicians in bicycle to ISRO, 1980s. With in a decade India improved in all aspects. Communication became wider. They sent satellite television, All India radio for weather forecast 1960s and 1970s. Indian metrological department started to broadcast cyclone, tsunamis and heavy downpour. India has proved it's mission again and again by launching different satellite.

Parts of satellite: It includes transponder, antenna,subsystem, solar cell, battery back up, camera,thrusters.

a) satellite transponder( pay load): 6Ghz received is converted to 4Ghz and send this to the earth space station. A satellite has 12 transponder. Band width 36Mhz. After the convertion its frequency only it will send it to the earth.

b) antenna sub system: There are various types of antenna fixed on the satellite. They are monopole, dipole, reflector( one reflector used for focusing one station and many reflector for many station).

Types of antenna: a) high efficiency (HEF) b)Beam wave guide (BWG).

a)High efficiency : Information from the satellite comes in form of analog signal. The signal is captured in bowl part of the antenna and feed this to reflector. This information then travels to a computer where it's processed code in 0 and 1. This data is then travel to another computer where this binary data is transformed into pictures and information.

b)Beam wave guide : As like HEF, the information comes in from of analog signal to the space station. Beam wave guide has five mirror. The focused data is sent to sub reflector which is then sent to a computer. Which directly display the pictures and photos captured.

C) Solar cell battery backup: Nicd, NaS, Lilon, NiMH2, NiH2 based on the needs.

Speciality of satellite: satellite works in extreme temperatures from -150°C to 150°C.

Weight in space: The weight in space reduce to 75% in earth. 2015 rocket was launched to fill fuel in the satellite.

Weight on Moon: If your weight is 60kg in earth then your weight in moon will be 10kg. Weight in moon is six times less than the earth.

Future research in India : He-3 believed to be abundant on the moon, could be a clean source of fusion fuel. India is planning to rover mission to find it. NASA will launch a rover in Oct 2018 to analyse water he-3 in moon.flooding and planning rescue operations.

How many satellite orbit the earth:

According to the Index of Objects Launched into Outer Space maintained by the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA), there are 4 635 satellites currently orbiting the planet; an increase of 8.91% compared to last year.

So far in 2017, UNOOSA has recorded 357 objects launched into space. This is almost 50% more than have ever previously occurred in a single year, and there are still a significant number planned during the rest of the year.

This increase is fuelled by small satellites and cubesats. New technology has significantly reduced the cost to design, build and launch these, and this has been accompanied with an increase in commercial providers becoming involved in the market. A report issued earlier this month by the Satellite Applications Catapult predicted that 1 300 of these satellites will be launched over the next three years. If you consider that just under 7,900 objects have been launched into space, this would equate to 16.5% of the total launches over the last 60 years!

How many orbiting satellite around the earth is working:

The Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS)keeps a record of the operational satellites and you may be surprised to know that only 37.5% of the orbiting satellites are active, just 1 738 according to the August 2017 update.

This means that there are 2 897 pieces of junk metal hurtling around the Earth at high speed!

What are satellite doing:

According the UCS the main purposes for the operational satellites are:


 * Communications: 742 satellites
 * Earth observation: 596 satellites
 * Technology development/demonstration: 193 satellites
 * Navigation/Positioning: 108 satellites
 * Space science: 66 satellites
 * Earth science: 24 satellites
 * Space observation: 9 satellites.