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Nanking Campaign
The Nanking Campaign (Traditional Chinese: 南京之戰 , Simplified Chinese: 南京之战 , Pinyin: nán jíng zhī zhàn, Bopomofo:ㄋㄢˊㄐㄧㄥ ㄓ ㄓㄢˋ ), the Jiangning Campaign (Traditional Chinese: 江寧之戰, Simplified Chinese: 江宁之战 ), or the Battle of Jiangning (Traditional Chinese: 江寧之役, Simplified Chinese: 江宁之役 ), was a military campaign during Xinhai Revolution, in which the Allied Force of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces (Traditional Chinese: 江浙聯軍, Simplified Chinese: 江浙联军, pinyin: jiāng zhè lián jūn) wanted to get the control of Nanking from the old-fashioned imperial garrison led by Zhang Xun who was also the Field Marshal of Jiangnan commanding all the green banner or Lü-Ying troops of Jiangsu and Anhui provinces.

On October 10th of 1911, the revolutionized members of the 8th Army Division stationed in Wuchang, the seat of Viceroy of Huguang, suddenly launched an uprising and occupied the whole city in October 11th. At the same time, the imperial cabinet realized the fact of rebellion and then decided to send a troop of two divisions to suppress it. As the battle in Wuchang became more intensified, other provinces, like Fujian, Anhui, Jiangxi, declared their independence to the Imperial Regime. Jiangsu, one of the most economically and militarily essential provinces, was almost controlled by the revolutionaries, except Nanking, where the Viceroy of Liangjiang resides.

Since the start out of Wuchang Uprising, the officials, residents, and troops of Nanking were all terrified by the swift economical and political change of situation. Many of the officials sent their family to Shanghai or their hometown, so as the residents. The economy collapsed, the supply of garrison can not be guaranteed. At that time, there were two troops stationed in Nanking, one is the new army while the other was an group of old-fashioned troop.