User:Secretlondon/ABM

Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces:

First work 1948-51 at NII-4 and NI-885.

Decree to construct experimental ABM system 17 August 1956. System A - construction started July 1956. Test range A.

A-35 design: main command centre, 8 early warning radars in a circle with overlapping sectors + 32 battle stations. Oct 1967. MoD commission advised against full deployment of A35M. Reduced no of radars to the two that had been built - Kubinka (Akulovo) and Chekhov.

Tested in 1971 - main command centre, 1 dunay3 and 3 battle stations.

1st section experimental duty 1972. In 1974 second section on combat duty.

1974 experimental : main command at Akulovo + 8 battle stations - Bereya, Solnechnogorsk, klin, zagorsk (sergiyev posad) each had 2 tracking radars and 2 battle management radars and 16 A-350 launchers.

2 early warning radar: dunay-3 (designer VP Sosulnikov shared site with command centre). Dunay-3U (designer AN Musatov) is more modern. Both have 2 phased arrays in opposite directions.

Don-2N designed by RTI under supervision of VK Sloka. command centre near Sofrino.

4 sided pyramid about 40m tall. each face 16m diameter phased array and 10.4 x 10.4 one

6 positions along moscow major ring (old A-35 ones and 2 new ones). A350 exoatmosphereic interceptiors and S3T6 endoatmospheric interceptors.

Intermediate - 5 positions between Moscow beltway and Moscow minor ring.

Radars System-A RE-1 long range radar operational 1953 NII-37 (became NIIDAR?) range about 1,200 km then Dunay-2 NII-37 and TsSO-P radar from RTI

Zaloga 1997
Defending the capitals: The first generation of Soviet strategic air defense systems 1950–1960

Steven J. Zaloga

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518049708430317

Berkut (golden eagle) 1950. Name from Sergey Beria and P Kuksenko. 1953 renamed S-25. 2 concentric rings around Moscow. 85/90km and 45/50km from red sq. 2 ring roads from these. created 1953-5. took until 1958. 56 launch sites. 22 inner. 34 outer. 60 missile pads per site - distinctive appearance.

Dal (from Lavochkin).

Gobarev 2001
The early development of Russia's ballistic missile defense system Victor Gobarev

The Journal of Slavic Military Studies http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518040108430478 - System A - test range A at Sary Shagan july 1956 testing of system a began 1959 V-1000 interceptor first launch 11 oct 1957 1st successful 4 march 1961 - hit r-12 missile from Kapustin Yar

work on a-35 started in 1959. aldan - test model. designer G Kisunko of special design bureau no 30. new missile a-350 P Grushin (spec design bureau no 2). missile had nuclear component. needed to intercept several missiles simultaneously with a single warhead. outside the atmosphere

practical work installing began in 1965. sept 1967 only test version ready. Inability to deal with MIRVs 1967 - decided should not be fully implemented

A35
I think A-350 missile is ABM-1 Galosh. Sean O'connor says so he says 8 intended, 4 completed.

Sean O'Connor's locations:


 * 56.34141°N, 36.79469°W (inactive) (klin)
 * 56.15035°N, 36.50372°W (inactive) (sol)
 * 55.34973°N, 36.48174°W (inactive) (vereya)
 * 55.06801°N, 37.04256°W (not completed) (oko control centre)
 * 55.15257°N, 38.38568°W (not completed, elements of one TRY ADD complex appear to be present) (now GRU satellite centre)
 * 55.47558°N, 38.83998°W (not completed) (nothing)
 * 56.24394°N, 38.57712°W (inactive) (sergiyev posad)
 * 56.40189°N, 38.19527°W (not completed, elements of one TRY ADD complex appear to be present) (munitions factory?)

All have S-25 Berkut next door

A135
A135 (from O'Connor)
 * 56.2425°N, 38.57425°W (51T6, 8 silos, non-operational)sergiyev posad
 * 55.35032°N, 36.48322°W (51T6, 8 silos, non-operational)(vereya)
 * 55.90114°N, 37.30786°W (53T6, 16 silos) 89th missile complex (Kurkino) zelenograd Сходня gangway
 * 55.62568°N, 37.38956°W (53T6, 12 silos) (Moskovskiy) "vnukovo"
 * 55.57751°N, 37.77158°W (53T6, 16 silos) (Razvilka) "Lytkarino"
 * 55.87808°N, 37.89347°W (53T6, 12 silos) (Vostochnyy) "Королёв" kingdom
 * 56.1811°N, 37.788°W (53T6, 12 silos) Sofrino

Dal (Leningrad)
From O'Connor (2nd ref fixed)
 * 60.44774°N, 29.71942°W
 * 60.08634°N, 30.73678°W
 * 59.71959°N, 29.30828°W