User:Segiz/Mukhamedkhanov, Kayum Mukhamedkhanovich

Kayum Mukhamedkhanovich Mukhamedkhanov (Kazakh: Kayym Mukhamedkhanov) (January 5, 1916, Semipalatinsk, Steppe General Governorate, Russian Empire - June 30, 2004, Semipalatinsk, Republic of Kazakhstan) - an outstanding scholar, founder of the scientific abaest studies, and a textologist, artologist Member of the USSR Writers' Union since 1940, public figure, writer, poet, playwright, translator, teacher. The founder of the Abay Museum in the city of Semipalatinsk (1940). The author of the text of the first National Anthem of the Kazakh SSR.

Biography
70-1937) was an educated, cultured person, interested in the history and culture of his people, read in Kazakh, Russian, Tatar, Arabic. He had a good home library, which occupied the whole room. In the library are rare books: the first collection of Abai, published in St. Petersburg in 1909, iOtets Kayum Mukhamedkhan Seitkulov (18zdannye in Semipalatinsk in 1912 poem Shakarim "Қalқaman-Mamyr", "Eңlik-Québec", as well as the volumes of "Kazakh Ainasy", "Shezhire - the origin and history of the Kazakhs and Kazakh Khans", "The Book of Muslim Religion". Also a multi-volume edition of "Russia". A complete geographical description of our fatherland "(editor Semenov-Tian-Shansky), the 18th volume of which was called" Kyrgyz region "and was devoted to the history of the Kazakh people ( published in 1903. Such famous representatives of the Kazakh intelligentsia, figures of science, literature and art such as the younger half-brother of Abai Shakarim, Alikhan Bukeikhanov, Ahmet Baitursynov, Mirzhakip Dulatov, Mukhtar Auezov, Zhusipbek Aymauytov, Sultanmammut Toraygov, came to the house. Amre Kashaubaev, Isa Baizakov, Sain Zhanbyrbaev, their plays in such a bright cultural and creative atmosphere grew young Kayum.

But since 1928, a terrible time has come for the Kazakh people and its progressive people: in the beginning it was the complete confiscation of livestock from everyone and forced collectivization, mass repression of the Kazakh intelligentsia. Many of his father’s friends were arrested and killed, and he himself was shot in December 1937.

Qayum then barely graduated from the philological department of the Semipalatinsk Pedagogical Institute (he was excluded as the “enemy of the people” son, but he managed to recover) and was left as a teacher in the Kazakh language and literature department. He started abay studies and in 1940 published a series of articles on the work of Abai’s student poets under the general title Abai Literary School. He was admitted to the Union of Writers of the USSR, took an active part in the creation of the literary museum of Abai in Semipalatinsk and was appointed its director.

During the war years, people like Kayum were not taken to the front, but they were called to the so-called Labor Army. In its ranks, he was in the years 1941-1942 near Sverdlovsk and Magnitogorsk. The scientist hollowed a hard ground with a sledgehammer, built fortified defense lines. Freed in 1943, he went to Alma-Ata to Mukhtar Auezov.

In 1944, a closed competition was announced for the creation of the State Anthem of the Kazakh SSR, a variant of the text of Mukhamedkhanov’s hymn was approved by the competition commission and approved in 1945 by a Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR. Music on the text of Kayum was written by the young composer Mukan Tulebaev. Together they spent many hours working on a hymn. However, in the end, the writers Gabit Musrepov and the poet Abdilda Tazhibaev suddenly became the “co-authors” of the text, and the music by the composers Latif Hamidi and Yevgeny Brusilovsky.

In 1945–1950, a young scientist published 11 articles about the Abai literary school and a number of literary articles: Abai and Pushkin, Abai and Lermontov, Abay and Krylov and in 1951 defended his thesis on the Abai Literary School. .

Arrest and conviction
On December 1, 1951, after defending his master’s thesis, Qayum Mukhamedkhanov was arrested by slander and on May 31, 1952, he was convicted by the Supreme Court of the Soviet Socialist Republic to 25 years in prison as an enemy of the people (the charge was almost thirty pages). After Stalin’s death, he was fully rehabilitated and was able to return to his native land.

Rehabilitation
In the 1950s, he published 11 more articles on abayology and two monographs: “Magauiya Ibrahimovic Kunanbayev. Life and work "and" Tekstology works of Abai. " After working for half a century at the Semipalatinsk Pedagogical Institute, in 1989 he retired.

“Qayum Mukhamedkhanov is one of the most brilliant and recognized moral and intellectual authorities of the nation. I knew Kayum-aha, I met and talked with him, in my soul there lives the bright memory of him. I am familiar with his work, deep research. I believe that his life and deeds are the unfading example of serving the Motherland and the people. I perceived him, as the last of the Mohicans, as the heir of the great sons of “Alash,” as one of the last representatives of the Abayev school ”

- Herold Belger

Awards and achievements

 * Laureate of the State Prize of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 1996 (personally awarded by President Nazarbayev, video). First Laureate of the Abai International Prize Winner of the first medal of the international literary award "Alash"  Winner of the Prizes of the Union of Writers of Kazakhstan, the Union of Journalists of Kazakhstan, the International Academy of Abai  Honorary citizen of Semipalatinsk, Ayaguz, Abai and Zhanasemeysky districts of East Kazakhstan region.

Memory
A monument to Kayum Mukhamedkhanov was erected in his native Semey, and a street was named after him. Also the streets named after him appeared in Astana and Almaty.

Literature

 * A word about Caume. A collection of memories. Astana, publishing house "Foliant", 2006. 376 p. ISBN 9965-35-031-0.