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= Art school = An art school is an educational institution with a primary focus on the visual arts, including fine art, especially illustration, painting, photography, sculpture, and graphic design. Art schools can offer elementary, secondary, post-secondary, or undergraduate programs, and can also offer a broad-based range of programs (such as the liberal arts and sciences). There have been six major periods of art school curricula, and each one has had its own hand in developing modern institutions worldwide throughout all levels of education.

History of art school
There have been six definitive curriculum throughout the history of art schools. These include “Apprentice, Academic, Formalist, Expressive, Conceptual, and Professional”. undefined Each of these curricula have aided not only the way that modern art schools teach, but how students learn about art as well.

Art schools began being percieved as legitimate universities in the 1980's. Before this, any art programs were used purely as extracurricular activities, and there were no methods of grading works. After the 1980's, however, art programs were integrated into many different kinds of schools and universities as legitimate courses that could be evaluated. While some argue that this has weakened creativity among modern art students, others see this as a way to treat fine arts equally in comparison with other subjects.

Apprentice
Apprentice paths teach art as a mixture of aesthetic and function. Typically, a student would apprentice to someone who was already skilled in some sort of trade in exchange for food and housing. Once the apprenticeship ends, the student would have to prove what they learned by creating what we know today as a masterpiece. In modern schooling, this can be seen in practical art classes, including photography or printmaking.

Academic
Academic curricula began during the sixteenth-century Italian Renaissance, in which some of the earliest art academies were established. Up through the nineteenth century, these academies multiplied through both Europe and North America. This is when art began to become about both talent and intellect.

Formalist
The formalist curriculum began mid-twentieth century, and focused on the basic components of artwork, such as "color, shape, texture, line - and a concern with the particular properties of a material or medium". This curriculum is most noted for including the height in popularity of Bauhaus. It was based on logic, mathematics, and Neoplatonism, which was universal at the time.

Expressive
Although the expressive curriculum was formed at the same time as the formalist one, it focuses on completely different aspects of art. Rather than being concerned with the literal components of a piece of art, expressive curricula encouraged students to express their emotions and practice spontaneity. This is due to the heightened popularity of romanticism throughout the Renaissance.

Conceptual
The conceptual curriculum began in late twentieth century, and it focused on not only creating artwork, but presenting and describing the thought process behind the work. This is when the idea of critiquing others' works for educational purposes became popularized in North America (as the concept had been shut down quickly in Europe). This serves as a model for modern-day art school programs.

Professional
Professional curricula began appearing in art schools at the very end of the twentieths century. They teach students artistry from a perspective of business, and typically focus on modern pop culture within the works themselves. These programs are designed to teach students how to promote both themselves and their artwork.

== Modern art schools == A wide variety of art mediums and styles are integrated into modern art school programs. Different mediums that are taught include painting, printmaking, drawing and illustration, theatre, and sculpture. Newer programs can, but do not always, include graphic design, filmmaking, graffiti art, and possibly certain kinds of digital media.

Art schools in early education
According to the International Journal of Art and Design Education, "mainstream educational contexts could foster drawing behaviour and the related emotional benefits to a greater extent". Throughout a study done in the United Kingdom, it was determined that children whose parents/guardians involved them in drawing from an early age had a stronger connection with art. These children were shown to have better art skills and a signifcantly better chance at persuing a career in fine arts.

Art schools and mental health
A study done by Bryan Goodwin that was focusing the Mozart Effect, which refers to the idea that listening to classical music is beneficial toward mental and intellectual development, discovered that while there was little correlation between arts and academic achievement, art education is still useful to students of any age. It was discovered that learning both music and art within one's education were helpful in processing symptoms for sufferers of PTSD, anxiety, and depression.

== Notable art schools ==

Canada

 * Emily Carr University of Art and Design
 * NSCAD University
 * OCAD University
 * Alberta University of the Arts

United States of America

 * Maine College of Art
 * Rhode Island School of Design
 * Vermont College of Fine Arts
 * Yale School of Art
 * Moore College of Art & Design
 * The University of the Arts

South America

 * University of São Paulo
 * School of Communications and Arts, University of São Paulo
 * Imperial Academy of Fine Arts
 * Guignard University of Art of Minas Gerais
 * University of Chile

=== Europe ===


 * École des Beaux-Arts
 * Academy of Fine Arts Nuremberg
 * Royal Academy of Art, The Hague
 * Royal Academy of Arts
 * Konstfack
 * Slade School of Fine Art
 * Plymouth College of Art
 * Leeds Arts University

Asia

 * Bulbul Lalitakaka Academy
 * Shanto-Mariam University of Creative Technology
 * Tsinghua University
 * Telkom University
 * Kyoto University of Art and Design
 * China Academy of Art
 * Srishti School of Art Design and Technology
 * Jakarta Arts Institute

Africa

 * Michaelis School of Fine Art
 * Pan-African School of Art
 * University of Nairobi
 * Ruth Prowse School of Fine Art
 * National School of the Arts

Australia

 * Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology
 * Swinburne University of Technology
 * University of New South Wales
 * Queensland College of Art
 * Julian Ashton Art School