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His family [ edit ]

Stephen Joseph of La Fare is the son of Charles-Auguste de La Fare, captain of the guards of Philippe d'Orleans said Mr , and Louise-Jeanne de Lux Ventelet ( 1667 - 1691 ). He is the brother of Charles Philippe de La Fare, and the cousin of cardinals Anne Louis Henri de La Fare and François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis. His family has benefited from the support of the House of Orleans. They are their customers since the death of Mazarin. Biography [ edit ]

His youth [ edit ] During his youth, he was very extravagant and sells a profit, which it was provided. As punishment, his father is imprisoned at St. Lazare. According to some, the Archbishop of Paris, Cardinal Louis Antoine de Noailles would have refused the orders 2. Portrait [ edit ] He became Doctor of Theology 3, then abbot of the Premonstratensian Abbey of St. Martin of Laon 4. It is then vicar of Soissons 3. It was intriguing, active, talkative, never doubting anything, difficult to puzzle 5. It is, in the eyes of his enemies, "a kind of little monster by his body and his soul more by 5 ". Charles de Saint-Albin, son of the regent Philippe d'Orleans , is another enemy of the Jansenists. The proposed marriage of Louis XV with the Infanta of Spain and that the Prince of Asturias, Spain Louis , the daughter of the regent needs to be concluded with the Jesuits. For these reasons, the regent, Philippe d'Orleans, however, is a libertine, and becomes their protector ensures that the cardinals, archbishops and bishops are all favorable to the Jesuits. In his memoirs, which are the worst indictments, Rouvroy Louis, Duc de Saint-Simon says the future successor of Charles de Saint-Albin 6 , as bishop of Laon Duke is caught stealing and strangely scandalized: " This was the brother of Fare, who resembled him in nothing. It was a miserable and dishonored by his lust for his scam, nobody wanted to see or look sne ... " 7 According to the old courtier, Philippe d'Orleans told him that he had driven "the Palais Royal for stealing fifty pistoles 8 he sent by him to Madame de Polignac. I call it, because his life was so public that I do not miss to charity at the discretion, in consideration of his name. » 7 His brother Charles Philippe de La Fare, having been an officer of musketeers , was Marshal of France and member of the Order of the Holy Spirit and the Golden Fleece 9 . Politics and religion [ edit ] Politics and religion, which are also the source of hate speech. Saint-Simon continues his indictment: "To escape a pitiful state, the refuse of the world made ​​the convert, knocked on several doors to be ordained without being able to succeed, that told me when Rochebonne 10 , 11 , Bishop -Count of Noyon , who was one of those who refused, despite a supposed retirement in which he made ​​a profit he had in Noyon 12 " He continues: "Finally he found a prelate more treatable by driving compliance. I should hate to appoint and say what scandal he ordered against all the rules of the Church. Immediately after, he fell to Cardinal Bissy 13, and Languet 14 , bishop of Soissons , to whom everything was good through the fanaticism of the formation 15 , which made ​​him worthy to be vicar of Soissons , where he distinguished himself in kind to deserve any protection ". Bishop of Viviers (February 1723) [ edit ] Saint-Simon adds: "With this help and that of the Jesuits 16, he traded the diocese of Viviers with Martin Ratabon 17 , who had spent the siege of Ypres, and the episcopate ennuyoit, despite the non-residence . He gave her he had two abbeys, with a good return, and was consecrated bishop of Viviers , the universal scandal ". In 1723, La Fare is actually named bishop of Viviers, in Vivarais, with a resignation that gives the Cistercian abbey of Mortemer , in Normandy, and that of Noyon. He lost two important benefits, but he is a bishop in a region where his family originated. Bishop of Laon Duke [ edit ] The Duke of Orleans, Philippe d'Orleans, gives several great benefits. It is rather surprising that the regent to make a prelate who allegedly stole a bishop and a duke, the second peer of France, one count of Anizy, replacing Henri Henri Francois-Xavier de Belsunce-Castelmoron (1670 -1755), became Bishop of Marseilles. "La Fare, Bishop of Viviers, who was not to be so delicate, was put to Laon, to his refusal, which was seen for what he knew to do. He died bankrupt and hated, having voluntarily or by force of any defrauded his diocese he had also devastated ", writes Saint-Simon. The Fare is dedicated bishop of Laon in Paris, July 25, 1724. He was sworn into the hands of the king, Louis XV, on August 6. He took possession of his diocese on 12 of the same month 18. As the holder of one of the ancient peerages of France, he has the privilege of carrying the holy ampoule for the coronation of the kings of France in Reims. A difficult task [ edit ]

Charles de Saint-Albin, his predecessor at Laon. From 1724, the Bishop of La Fare, taking possession of the bishopric of Laon, a clergy is deeply divided by the passions between constitutionalists and anticonstitutionnaires 19 who wage a relentless struggle against each other. Etienne-Joseph de la Fare writing, January 18, 1730, a pastoral letter on the submission due to the Apostolic Constitution of Unigenitus 20 : Pastoral letter of the Lord Bishop of Laon Duke, Second Pair de France, Count of Anizy, and on the submission due to the Constitution Unigenitus, fidelity Subject to their essential sovereign, on the Rights of the Episcopate Sacrez. Michel Bur in his History of Laon and Laon 21 summarizes the situation: "Etienne de La Fare, helped only Jesuit, went to war against chapter, bourgeoisie of Laon, Paris Parliament , the King's Council , Oratory , Benedictines , Sisters of the Congregation , regent of the College de France and even against sixty priests he returns to bring the diocese into the obedience of the Pope . " The end of his life, his successor [ edit ] As the Duke of Saint-Simon, the Bishop-Duke is a small man, and too pretentious. Besides, another Duke, Charles Philippe d'Albert de Luynes 22, a friend of his brother, written on the occasion of his death, April 23, 1741, at Castle Leschelles: "From Thursday 1 st June 1741 Corpus Christi , Versailles. - There is already a month that the Bishop of Laon died: he was brother of the Marquis de La Fare, formerly commander in Languedoc, but he resembled him at all, because it was small and an ugly face. He has a lot of talk by his zeal for the Constitution. This feeling, however laudable it and although very worthy of being approved, was accompanied by M. de Laon in so great a vivacity that is often thought that poussoit things to excess ". Jean-François Joseph de Rochechouart Faudoas 23 succeeded him as bishop-duke of Laon. He is buried in the parish church of Leschelles. His epitaph is: HIC jacet / Stephanus JOSEPHUS OF FARE / episcopus LAUDUNENSIS DUX / BY FRANCIÆ / Romanae FIDEI DEFENSOR Ardens / debitum FECIT clergy Fideli / obsequium ASSERVANS Papae / pauperum PATER SEDULUS / AUS LARGITATE SUSTINUIT HOS / EXTREMAM DIOECESIM VISITANS / PASTOR BONUS / OBIIT / HUJUS LOCI IN CASTELLO / DIE A 23 Aprilis ANNO CHRISTI IN 1741/AETATIS EUNTE 49/ET CDT IN ECCLESIA / QUAMIPSE CONSECRAVERAT ANNO 1733 / SEPELIRI VOLUIT / ABI VIATOR / ET TANTI PROESULIS AEMULARE / CHARITATEM Christianus IF / IF FIDEM catholicus 24. The slab, formerly in the heart, was relieved and placed upright against the south wall of south transept. Notes and references section [ edit ]

↑ Maximilian Melleville History of the town of Laon and its institutions [ archive ] 1846, p.  60 ↑ Jacques-Francois-Laurent Devisme City History of Laon [ archive ], 1872, Volume 2, p.  134 ↑ a and b Page 565 in the diocese of Soissons [ archive ] of Father Jules Saincir (1936) ↑ Page 164 in Bulletin of the Academic Society of Laon (1870) [ archive ] ↑ a and b Jacques-François Devisme Lawrence, History of the town of Laon, Ed. The Blancourtois, 1822, p. 134. On Google Books [ archive ]. ↑ Charles de Saint-Albin, illegitimate son of Florence Pellerin and regent, Philippe d'Orléans , Duke was bishop of Laon in 1721, then Archbishop-Duke of Cambrai in 1724. ↑ a and b Memoirs of Saint-Simon [ archive ] Volume 20, Chapter 2-1723 ↑ Gold coin of the Spanish xvii th century, also called Spanish doubloon. The duplication of two crowns worth twenty francs, thirty-seven cents. ↑ Page 27 in Volume 65 of the Complete Collection of papers relating to the history of France since the reign of Philip Augustus to the beginning of the seventeenth century [ archive ] published by Foucault, 1828 ↑ Memoirs of Saint-Simon [ archive ] (text), Volume 20, Chapter II, year 1723 ↑ Charles Francis de Châteauneuf Rochebonne, one of the few friends of Saint-Simon, became the Primate of the Gauls , in 1731. ↑ The Cistercian abbey of St. Bartholomew of Noyon ↑ The Cardinal Bissy, successor of Bossuet in Meaux, is the sworn enemy of the Jansenists. ↑ compatriot Jacques-Benignus Bossuet, who estimates, Doctor of Sorbonne, Languet was appointed bishop of Soissons , Archbishop of Sens , a member of the French Academy in 1721 and State Councillor common under Louis XV. It performs all its functions with a rigorous zeal in the defense of Catholic orthodoxy and the fight against new ideas. ↑ The Unigenitus ( 1713 ), or Apostolic Constitution condemning Jansenism, causes long and violent quarrels between the Jansenists (callicans) and those of the papacy, and between Parliament and the Jesuits. The Bishop of Senez, Jean Soanen is one of the most influential figures of the opponents of the Constitution in a conflict of influences that will last for decades and will promote the expansion of the philosophical movement of xviii th century. The devotees formed a real political party in the shadow skirts of Anne of Austria, then Madame de Maintenon. Louis of France (1661-1711) and the Dauphine, that is the brother of our future bishop-duke, are themselves as opposed to new ideas. ↑ Jesuits and Jansenists still quarreling throughout the xviii th century. Condemned as a religious movement, resists Jansenism as a philosophy, vision of humanity and the world. Instead, morality and accommodating the thirst for power of the Jesuits are condemned by some of the nobility. In 1764, Louis XV dissolved the Society of Jesus. ↑ Ratabon Martin, Bishop of Ypres from 1693 to 1713. November 5, 1716, Martin Ratabon, he became bishop of Viviers. ↑ Note 10 footer in 76 histoireaisne.fr History and Architecture of the Abbey of Cuissy (Aisne) [ archive ] Martine Plouvier, Chief Curator at the National Archives. ↑ The anticonstitutionnaires are the parliamentary environment and the Jansenists. The Jansenists of the xviii th century can be defined as opponents Unigenitus. ↑ The bubble condemned 101 propositions extracted from the Moral Reflections on the New Testament, father of Pasquier Quesnel , a Jansenist théolégien and member of the Congregation of the Oratory. The propositions condemned by the Unigenitus are the omnipotence of the divine and the helplessness of man without God's grace, faith and charity, which alone account before God, the proposals for the design of Church, to access the faithful to Holy Scripture, and authority within the Church. ↑ Michel Bur, History of Laon and Laon [ archive ], 1987, p.  171 ↑ Charles Philippe d'Albert de Luynes, Louis Etienne Dussieux, Eudoxus Soulie, Memoirs of the Duke of Luynes on the court of Louis XV (1735-1758) [ archive ], 1860, p.  406 ↑ Page 265 in Volume 8 of the Bulletin of the Academic Society of Laon [ archive ] (1859) ↑ Tombstone, Joseph Etienne de la Fare to Leschelles (02) Heritage site in France [ archive ] References [ edit ]

Maxim of Sars, a confessor of the faith: Joseph-Étienne de La Fare, Bishop of Laon Duke: 1691-1741 , 1910 Related articles [ edit ]

Groult Louis Rivers Philippe Charles de La Fare Anne Louis Henri de La Fare François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis