User:Shahzadi.95/Soan River

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Effects of Climate Change

In Pakistan's rain-fed regions, the amount of rainfall is an agroclimatic parameter that impacts the total production of agriculture. There is a direct correlation between changing climates and variations in patterns of rainfall. One of the dynamic elements of the hydrological cycle, rainfall typically fluctuates in the patterns of time and space, as a result of changes in the climate. Several agri-management areas as well as water resources are directly affected by temporal and spatial changes to rainfall variations brought about by climate change. It is anticipated that foreseeable climate change possibilities(scenarios) will result in more variable rainfall and glacier thawing. Thus, it is accurate to state that rainfall plays a critical role in agroclimatology, particularly in dry and semi-arid regions.

Water is a finite source that is vital to the nation's industrial, agricultural, and expansion economy. The primary source of water for these uses is runoff. At the regional level, the interactions between endeavors and changes in climate towards the flow of streams are quite complicated. The primary focus of water resource planners is to measure the respective contributions of changes in land use and environmental degradation to variations in the yearly stream flow that are observed. To examine the impact of hydrological modeling techniques have been devised. The Budyko framework is seen to be a useful instrument for casual evaluation. It is successfully used throughout the world in many areas.

Over the past couple of decades, the Soan River has encountered substantial in both the climate and land usage. Efficient strategic planning and oversight of water resources can be achieved through a quantitative evaluation of the effects of human-caused activities and climate change or runoff in a particular area. The Soan River is the principal hydrological unit of Pakistan's Pothohar plateau and a significant feeder of the Indus River. Islamabad's primary origin of drinking water is the Soan River which supplies water to the Simly Dam. It's also the Pothohar plateau's primary supply of irrigation water.

The hydrological cycle and streamflow in the Soan River have been effectively changed due to the climatic behavior. These streamflow changes have also affected aquarium species like fishes present in the Soan River. The hydrological model HBV light was rectified in the upper stream and lower stream of the Soan River for the betterment of the streamflow and better ecological scenarios for the aquarium species of the Soan River.