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(Edith) Olive Checkland (6 June 1920 - 8 September 2004) was a social historian and academic.

Early life
(Edith) Olive Checkland was born 6 June 1920 in Newcastle, the only child of Edith Philipson and Robert Fraser Anthony, a former navy cook and process engraver's traveller. Educated at a local school in Birmingham, she then attended the University of Birmingham from 1938 where she graduated in Geography. She met her future husband there, Sydney Checkland and married in 1942.

Career
She supported the work of her husband Professor Sydney Checkland in his early career, living in Birmingham, Liverpool and then Cambridge. In 1957 they moved to Glasgow where her husband became Professor in Economic History in the Department of Economic History, University of Glasgow. She took a keen interest in the work of the department and provided support to staff and students through departmental events.

She researched and wrote on a variety of subjects including the poor law co-authored with her husband, health care, philanthropy and pioneering women.

Family
She had five children. She died in 2004

List of works
Checkland, Sydney and Olive (1974), The Poor Law Report of 1834

Checkland, Olive (1980) Philanthropy in Victorian Scotland

Olive Checkland and Margaret Lamb (eds) (1982), Health Care as Social History:Glasgow case

S and O Checkland (1989) Industry and Ethos: Scotland 1832 - 1914(New History of Scotland)

Olive and Sydney Checkland (1989) Britain's Encounter with Meiji Japan 1862-1912

Olive Checkland (1989), Queen Margaret Union 1890-1980

Olive Checkland (1990) Sobriety and Thrift: John Philipson and Family

Olive Checkland (1994) Humanitarianism and the Emperor's Japan, 1877-1977

Olive Checkland (1996), Isabella Bird and a Woman's Right: To Do What She Can Do Well