User:Sheen Zaal/sandbox

SMOSD: (i.e. Structural Model of Syllabic Division)
SMOSD (i.e. Structural Model of Syllabic Division) is a systematic approach whereby words are divided into their syllables. The model fundamentally comprises four steps, revolving around a careful pronunciation of words , phonetic transcription of words, counting the number of syllables per word, and finally, drawing the structure of syllables. . The Model in essence, revolves around a comprehensive and systematic phonological critique of syllabic structures, according to the rules of IPA (i.e. International Phonetic Alphabet).

SMOSD: An Overview
Phonology, is generally deemed a description of different patterns and systems of speech sounds, as used in languages. Phonological critique, in context, revolves around an analysis of perceptually distinct units of speech sounds, with specific reference to their occurrence in syllabic units. It analyzes the overall nature of syllables, made up of combination of vowels and consonants, performing their roles as contrastive units of sounds. . It was towards the end of the nineteenth century, when articulatory phonetics began to influence the linguistic circles of Western world. An introduction to IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet), developed by the International Phonetic Association since 1888, has been widely used by linguists around the world, with the aim of making  clear and finer distictions between a variety of speech sounds. Though IPA was first published in 1888, yet, it has been revised several times during 20th and 21st centuries. . The model in context, focuses phonetic transcription of words (i.e. other than their orthographic representation), to divide them into syllables. Syllabic division is generally considered to be a complex phonological issue. While pronouncing syllables, there are some rules, pertaining to the sound quality and length of phonemes, assigning them different ways of  pronunciation.

While following the steps of SMOSD, learners are required to take into consideration all the essential details, revolving around the  structure of syllables. A syllable is basically composed of three main parts: Onset, Peak (Vowel/ Nucleus]) and Coda] In a Syllabic structure, the consonants that precede a nucleus (i.e. a peak/ Vowel phoneme), are called Onsets, while consonants that follow a nucleus are called Codas. Rhyme refers to the combination of Nucleus and Coda. Nucleus is considered to be an obligatory part of a syllable; it is usually a vowel (in the form of a monophthong, diphthong, or triphthong), but sometimes, it may also occur as a syllabic consonant. SMOSD adheres to the all of the aforementioned norms of syllabic division, viewed through the lens of IPA.

Main Steps of SMOSD
Following are the main steps of SMOSD.


 * 1) Carefully pronouncing the word so as to beat out its rhythm
 * 2) Phonetically transcribing the word
 * 3) Counting the number of syllables (based on the number of nuclei)
 * 4) Drawing the structure of Syllables (based on the number of nuclei)

Dividing Words into Syllables through SMOSD
Mentioned below are the examples of syllabic divisions of miscellaneous words, in accordance with the main steps of SMOSD:

List of Words
 * Green
 * Eating
 * Intellect
 * Entertainment

Step 1 Carefully Pronouncing the Words so as to beat out the Rhythm (i.e. Regular Repeated Patterns of Sounds)

 * Green (Green)
 * Eating (Ea+ ting)
 * Intellect (In+te+llect)
 * Entertainment (En+ter+tain+ment)

Step 2: Phonetically Transcribing the Words:

 * Green /ɡriːn/
 * Eating /ˈiːtɪŋ/
 * Intellect /ˈɪntəlekt/
 * Entertainment /ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/

Step 3: Counting the Number of Syllabic Units in Words, based on the Number of Nuclei

 * Green /ɡriːn/ (A single Nucleus/ vowel phoneme: A Single Syllable)
 * Eating /ˈiː tɪŋ/ (Two Nuclei/ Vowel Phonemes: Two Syllables)
 * Intellect /ˈɪn tə lekt/ (Three Nuclei/ Vowel Phonemes: Three Syllables)
 * Entertainment /ˌen təˈ teɪn mənt/ (Four Nuclei/ Vowel Phonemes: Four Syllables)

Step 4: Drawing the Structure of Syllabic Units in Words, based on the Number of Nuclei
(Note: The structures of all syllabic units mentioned below, have been drawn in the images appended to the right side of the present article).

1. Green /ɡriːn/ Syllabic Structure:(CCVC: A Single Vowel Phoneme/ Nucleus, i.e. A Single Syllable)

2. Eating /ˈiːtɪŋ/ Syllabic Structure: (V CVCC: Two Vowel Phonemes/ Nuclei, i.e. Two Syllables)'''


 * Syllabic Unit 1: /i:/
 * Syllabic Unit 2: /tɪŋ/

3. Intellect /ˈɪntəlekt/ Syllabic Structure: (VC CV CVCC : Three Vowel Phonemes/ Nuclei, i.e. Three Syllables)

4. Entertainment  /ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/ Syllabic Structure: ( CV CV CVC CVCC Four Vowel Phonemes/ Nuclei, i.e. Four Syllables)
 * Syllabic Unit 1: / ɪn/
 * Syllabic Unit 2: /tə/
 * Syllabic Unit 3: /lekt/


 * Syllabic Unit 1: /en/
 * Syllabic Unit 2:/tə/
 * Syllabic Unit 3: /teɪn/
 * Syllabic Unit 4: /mənt/

Critical Overview
SMOSD indubitably provides a systematic approach whereby words can be divided into syllables; it however, is important to mention that a thorough knowledge of phonetic transcription is mandatory in order to pursue all the steps of the forenamed model. It, at the same time, is worth mentioning that sometimes, situational contexts may alter the pronunciation- patterns of speech. In some other contexts, variation in dialects may also effect the production of phonemes. An interesting example in this regard pertains to the issue of scansion; the art of versification comprehends diverse styles of syllabic-centered metrical compositions, thereby effecting the rhyming patterns of verses. An in-depth understanding of syllabic division is hence a mandatory requirement for scanning poetic verses, according to the formal rules of scansion.