User:Silverbullet527/Sandbox

A bibliography of sources

 * Environmental Restoration Program
 * Brownfield Cleanup Program
 * Brownfield Opportunity Areas Program

Economics of Brownfield land

 * New York State
 * NYS Brownfield o== A bibliography of sources ==


 * Environmental Restoration Program
 * Brownfield Cleanup Program
 * Brownfield Opportunity Areas Program

Economics of Brownfield land

 * New York State
 * NYS Brownfield opportunity Areas (BOA)
 * NYS Paper Mill Island Park


 * New Jersey
 * NJ Environmental Infrastructure Trust Smart Growth Financing Program


 * California
 * Revolving Loan Fund Program
 * Brown fields Loan Program - Applications for ISCP/CLEAN Loans

International Brown fields Redevelopment

 * Germany
 * BMBF funding program


 * England
 * Pilot Spawns an Environmental Clearinghouse and City Development Corporation


 * Japan
 * Current status of the Brownfields Issue in Japan Interim Report


 * 1) Japanese Knotweed Treatment
 * 2) Inert Soil Importation
 * 3) Hospital Building Demolition
 * 4) Wasteland Tree Clearance
 * 5) Brownfield Site Remediation
 * 6) Japanese Knotweed Removal

--Silverbullet527 05:19, 4 March 2011 (UTC)

Definition
The EPA defines brownfields as "real property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant. Cleaning up and reinvesting in these properties protects the environment, reduces blight, and takes development pressures off greenspaces and working lands ."

Progress on brownfields restoration
It is due to the growing considerations and acceptance of both federal and state agencies, more and more underused and abandoned properties are being redeveloped.
 * 1994, the Clinton Administration Brownfields Tax Incentive to Speed Urban Cleanup, Redevelopment.
 * 1997, the Clinton Administration announced its Brownfields National Partnership.
 * 1997, Congress approved Balanced Budget Act.
 * 2002, the Bush Administration approved the Brownfield Revitalization and Environmental Restoration Act.
 * 2009, the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has issued a revised contamination policy for HUD-assisted multi-family housing projects.
 * 2009, brownfield Redevelopment is Part of EPA Report on Fighting Climate Change.

Cost

 * Financial Concerns

Liability
It is necessary for parties to take considerations about whether and when the public groups should get participated in a decision involving the implement of control-site.
 * Public Perception
 * 1) The specific current actions and reasonable likely future uses that will be developed of the site (the concerns about remaining environmental damages).
 * 2) The selection of remediation and an appropriate institutional control that allow or forbid activities and associated continuing responsibilities.
 * Potential risks to receptors (e.g., types and concentrations of chemicals of concern)
 * Potential exposure pathways (e.g., terrestrial surface radiation, inhalation, ingestion, dermal)
 * Potential risks to human and ecological receptors (e.g., office workers, construction workers, residents, endangered species)

Federal Regulation
There are some important acts issued by the federal government to consider when dealing with brownfields. Such as; National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Federal Hazardous Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA),and the Brownfields Recovery Act.

RCRA
Established in 1976, this act "gives EPA the authority to control hazardous waste from the "cradle-to-grave." This includes the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste. RCRA also set forth a framework for the management of non-hazardous solid wastes. The 1986 amendments to RCRA enabled EPA to address environmental problems that could result from underground tanks storing petroleum and other hazardous substances ."

HSWA
These amendments in 1984 to RCRA "focused on waste minimization and phasing out land disposal of hazardous waste as well as corrective action for releases. Some of the other mandates of this law include increased enforcement authority for EPA, more stringent hazardous waste management standards, and a comprehensive underground storage tank program ."