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María Dolores Gonzalez Katarain, also known as Yoyes, (14 May 1954 Ordizia, Gipuzkoa - 10 September 1986) was a leading member of the Basque separatist group ETA (Euskadi Ta Askatasuna) who has become a symbol because of the tragic circumstances of her life and death.

Yoyes was the first woman to reach the leadership of ETA. However, when she decided to leave the group, she was viewed as a traitor by her former comrades. Yoyes was killed by ETA in September 1986 in her home town of Ordizia. She was shot during a town fair in front of the 3-year-old son. The brutality of the crime sparked unprecedented criticism of ETA in the Basque Country.

Life María Dolores Gonzalez Katarain was born in Ordizia, Gipuzkoa, on 14 May 1954. Her parents were Luis Gonzalez and Angelita; and she was the second of 9 children. Her paternal grandfather had the grocery store in the town, which became the family's livelihood. They lived on the outskirts of the town were in the village of Gonzáleztarrak.

ETA She stood as a leftist and nationalist. She joined the armed organization ETA in the early 1970s, it is believed in 1971, at the age of 17. She was in touch with Jose Echeverria, 1973, in Getxo, exploded his bomb on him.

In 1973, she studied teaching, stealing a multikopista Zumarraga took in school. And militancy was evident when her brother was arrested, she had to flee to the north.

ETA militants and refugees there, in Bayonne was editing the magazine and was secretary.

In 1978, she reached the top management and Argal Ordeñana, he worked next to the thin, and took his place. As thin, she did not think well enough of the amnesty of 1977, and decided to continue the armed struggle.[1]

Spain, during the transition, several trends were set up as part of the ETA, the path to be followed. In addition, in 1978 the order ARGAL Argala Battalion Vasco Español, ETA member was killed, and the unrest had increased. Yoyes she decided to withdraw.[2]

She went into exile in Mexico in 1980, and was stripped of ETA Executive. There, she studied Philosophy and Sociology and came to work at the United Nations.

In 1984, she traveled to Paris and became a political refugee.

In August 1985, the Spanish Justice had no debt, and she returned to the Basque Country. The Spanish government presented a measure of social events that, and extensive reports were published in the magazine Cambio 16, El regreso de la pm (ETA return) and Yoyes under the picture on the cover. She was well-marked woman. Negotiations were completed and the return on 17 October 1985. On 11 November Yoyes, her husband and son settled in San Sebastian.

Murder

The sculpture Conjunción ternaria 1 sobre 2, by Jorge Oteiza, in Ordizia (Gipuzkoa) as a homage to Nikolas Lekuona, Jose Sarriegi and María Dolores Katarain, Yoyes. She was killed during the Basque festival, and was shot dead, in front of her 3-year-old son.

Her murder was a milestone in the history of ETA; the organization was strengthened by the action of the opposite trend.[3] Ordizia Basque parties were canceled and, at night, the city council condemned the attack.[4]

The next day, a general strike was held in Ordizia. Yoyes was buried a few hours before he assumed the murder of ETA.

In November 1987, Kubat was arrested in Toulouse, and was not released from prison until November 2013.

References País, Ediciones El (1989-05-02). "'Yoyes', una pionera del retiro americano" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2016-09-15. País, Ediciones El (1989-05-02). "'Yoyes', una pionera del retiro americano" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2016-09-15. Vasco, Diario. "La memoria de 'Yoyes'. diariovasco.com". www.diariovasco.com. Retrieved 2016-09-15. País, Ediciones El (1986-09-11). "Asesinada en Ordizia la ex dirigente 'etarra' 'Yoyes' un año después de acogerse a la reinserción" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2016-09-15.