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Horace Orlando Patterson (born 5 June 1940) is a Jamaican historical and cultural sociologist known for his work regarding issues of race and slavery in the United States and Jamaica, as well as the sociology of development. He is the John Cowles professor of Sociology at Harvard University. His book Freedom, Volume One, or Freedom in the Making of Western Culture (1991), won the U.S. National Book Award for Nonfiction.

Early life and education
Horace Orlando Patterson was born on 5 June 1940 in Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica, to Almina Morris and Charles A. Patterson. His parents were strong supporters of Jamaica’s People's National Party, the political party he grew up to serve a few decades later. His father was a local detective while his mother became a seamstress. He had six half-siblings on his father's side but was his mother’s only child. He grew up in Clarendon Parish in the small town of May Pen. He attended primary school there, then moved to Kingston to attend Kingston College. While attending Kingston College, Patterson won a Jamaica Government Exhibition scholarship in 1958. Before matriculating in 1959, he taught for a year at the Excelsior High School in Jamaica. He went on to earn a BSc in Economics with a concentration in Sociology from the University of the West Indies, Mona, in 1962. He served as president of the Economics Society, president of the Literary Society and editor of the student magazine 'the Pelican'. Patterson earned his PhD in sociology at the London School of Economics in 1965, where he wrote his PhD thesis, the Sociology of Slavery. His dissertation adviser was David Glass. He also wrote for the recently founded New Left Review, his first work being "The Essays of James Baldwin" in 1964. While in London he was associated with the Caribbean Artists Movement, whose second meeting, in January 1967, was held at the Pattersons' North London flat.

Career
Earlier in his career, Patterson was concerned with the economic and political development of his home country, Jamaica. He served as special advisor to Michael Manley, Prime Minister of Jamaica, from 1972 to 1979 while serving as a tenured professor at Harvard University. Committed to working both jobs, Patterson split his time between Jamaica and the United States. He often flew to Jamaica the day after his last lecture.

Patterson is best known for his work on the relationship between slavery and social death, which he has worked on extensively and written several books about. Other contributions include historical sociology and fictional writing with themes of post-colonialism. Patterson has also spent time analyzing social science's scholarship and ethical considerations.

Patterson currently holds the John Cowles Chair in sociology at Harvard University.

In October 2015 he received the Gold Musgrave Medal in recognition of his contribution to literature. In 2020 he was appointed a member of the Order of Merit, Jamaica's third-highest national honour.

Professional associations

 * Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
 * Ernest W. Burgess Fellow, American Academy of Political and Social Science
 * Member, American Sociological Association

Awards

 * 2020: Order of Merit, Jamaica. "For his highly distinguised international contribution to Academia, West Indian Literature, Sociology, and the Epistemology of Social Culture"
 * 2016: Anisfield-Wolf Book Award, Lifetime Achievement
 * 2015: Gold Musgrave Medal
 * 1997: Walter Channing Cabot Faculty Prize, Harvard
 * 1991: National Book Award, Non-Fiction
 * 1983: Walter Channing Cabot Faculty Prize, Harvard
 * 1983: American Political Science Association
 * 1983: Ralph Bunche Award from Howard University for the Best Scholarly Work on Pluralism (co-winner): American
 * 1983: Distinguished Contribution to Scholarship (formerly Sorokin Prize): American Sociological Association
 * 1965: Best Novel in English (The Children of Sisyphus): Dakar Festival of Negro Arts

Publications

 * 2019: The denial of slavery in contemporary American sociology
 * 2018: Modern Trafficking, Slavery, and Other Forms of Servitude
 * 2017: Freedom, Slavery, and Identity in Renaissance Florence: The Faces of Leon Battista Alberti
 * 2017: Revisiting Slavery, Property, and Social Death
 * 2016: The Secret of Jamaica's Runners (opinion)
 * 2015: From one Out-In to another: What’s missing in Wacquant’s structural analysis
 * 2015: Race, Gender and Liberal Fallacies
 * 2014: Making Sense of Culture
 * 2008: Slavery: The underside of freedom
 * 2005: Cross-National Cultural Diffusion: The Global Spread of Cricket
 * 2004: Culture and Continuity: Causal Structures in Socio-Cultural Persistence
 * 1994: Ecumenical America: Global Culture and the American Cosmos
 * 1972: Toward a Future That Has No Past: Reflections on the Fate of Blacks in the Americas
 * 1971: Rethinking Black History

Academic

 * The Sociology of Slavery. 1967.
 * An Analysis of the Origins, Development and Structure of Negro Slave Society in Jamaica. 1968.
 * Ethnic Chauvinism: The Reactionary Impulse. 1977.
 * Later renamed Freedom, Vol. 1: Freedom in the Making of Western Culture – winner of National Book Award
 * The Ordeal of Integration. 1997
 * The Cultural Matrix: Understanding Black Youth (with Ethan Fosse). 2015.
 * The Confounding Island: Jamaica and the Postcolonial Predicament. 2019.
 * The Cultural Matrix: Understanding Black Youth (with Ethan Fosse). 2015.
 * The Confounding Island: Jamaica and the Postcolonial Predicament. 2019.
 * The Confounding Island: Jamaica and the Postcolonial Predicament. 2019.

Fiction

 * The Children of Sisyphus (novel). 1965.
 * An Absence of Ruins (novel). 1967.
 * Die the Long Day (novel). 1972.