User:Sir Floyd/sandbox 2

References: Former Yugoslavia post World War Two!

 * Totalitarianism: Dictionary Of Pol. Science by Yadav, Nanda & T.R
 * Totalitarian Dictatorship and Autocracy by Carl Joachim Friedrich & Zbigniew Brzezinski:


 * Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes in Europe by Jerzy W. Borejsza, Klaus Ziemer, Magdalena Hułas & Instytut Historii. (p 232 )
 * Titoism: Webster.com
 * Titoism in Action: The Reforms in Yugoslavia After 1948 by Fred Warner Neal. Second chapter (p214):


 * A single party, the Communist Party of Yugoslavia and its leader 'Josip Broz Tito', ruled the country.
 * Encyclopaedia Britannica:History & Society-Josip Broz Tito


 * Encyclopaedia Britannica: Slovenia


 * Encyclopaedia Britannica: Croatia


 * BBC-History by Tim Judah:

(Tim Judah is a front line reporter for The Economist and author. A graduate of the London School of Economics and of the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University he worked for the BBC before becoming the Balkans correspondent for The Times and The Economist. Judah is also the author of the prize-winning The Serbs: History, Myth and the Destruction of Yugoslavia, published in 1997 by Yale University Press.) (War in the Balkans 1941-1945. Dr Stephen A Hart is senior lecturer in war studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. He is the author of The Road to Falaise: Operations "Totalize" & "Tractable" (Alan Sutton, 2004), "Montgomery " and "Colossal Cracks": The 21st Army Group in Northwest Europe, 1944-45/Praeger, 2000.)
 * BBC-History Partisans: War in the Balkans 1941-1945
 * Yugoslavia's Bloody Collapse: Causes, Course and Consequences by Christopher Bennett.

(A British journalist who has the good fortune to speak both Slovenian, Croatian and Serbian, a skill that has enabled him to draw heavily on literature of the region that would be unavailable to most American or British journalists.)
 * History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe by Marcel Cornis-Pope & John Neubauer:UDBA (p126)
 * Australia's Four Corners: UDBA activities in Australia from the 1960's- The Framed Croatian Six in Australia.
 * Croatians in Australia: Pioneers, Settlers and Their Descendants by Ilija Sutalo. The Framed Croatian Six in Australia
 * Discontents: Post-modern and Post communist by Paul Hollander.

"This international anthropological project is a study of the closure of political authority in the 20th century and consists of a Website, databases of research materials, an audio-visual essay, and a book. Six anthropologists, led by Cornell professor John Borneman, take up the end of an authority crisis that spanned most of this century, 1917-1991, and that crystallized around four state political forms: Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, and the State Socialist regimes of East Germany, Yugoslavia, Romania, and the Soviet Union." " This book provides the most thorough and analytically sophisticated treatment yet available of this crucial topic. Mark Kramer, Cold War Studies Program, Harvard University"
 * Discontents: Post-modern and Post communist by Paul Hollander. UDBA (p397)
 * An Anthropology of the end in Political Authority by Di John Borneman.
 * Transitional Justice in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union by Lavinia Stan. Chapter 9 (p202). UDBA
 * Great leaders, Great Tyrants Contemporary Views of World Rulers by Arnold Blumberg

"Biographical profiles of 52 major world leaders throughout history, written by subject specialists, feature pro/con essays reflecting contemporary views of the creative and tyrannical aspects of their record. They provide librarians, students, and researchers with critical insights into the figure's beliefs, a better understanding of his or her actions, and a more complete reflection on his or her place in history. Coverage is global, from Indira Gandhi to Fidel Castro, and spans history from the Egyptian king Akhenaton to Mikhail Gorbachev. Among the leaders profiled are Otto von Bismarck, Oliver Cromwell, Charles de Gaulle, Elizabeth I, Ho Chi Minh, Lenin, Louis XIV, Mao Zedong, Napoleon I, Kwame Nkrumah, Juan Peron, and Josip Broz Tito. " (p312)


 * Governing by Committee: Collegial Leadership in Advanced Societies by Thomas A. Baylis. Communist Collective Leadership (p91)
 * Government Leaders, Military Rulers and Political Activists: An Encyclopaedia of People Who Changed the World (Lives & Legacies Series)-by David W. Del Testa, Florence Lemoine & John Strickland/Legacy Chapter (p181)
 * Democratic transition in Croatia: Value Transformation, Education & Media by Sabrina P. Ramet & Davorka Matic. Chapter- History Teaching in the Time of Socialist Yugoslavia (p.198)
 * A Personality Cult Transformed: The Evolution of Tito’s Image in the Former Yugoslavia 1974 – 2009
 * Public Spheres After Socialism by Angela Harutyunyan, Kathrin Horschelmann & Malcolm Miles
 * Nationalism and War in the Balkans by Aleksandar Pavkovic. (p47)
 * Religious Separation and Political Intolerance in Bosnia and Herzegovina by Mitja Velikonja. Chapter: Integral and Organic Yugoslavism (p192)
 * New & Old Wars by Mary Kaldor: The regime relaxed its authoritarian rule from the 1960s onwards.


 * Retaliation and Persecution on Yugoslav Territory During and After WWII by Dr. Ph. Michael Portmann

"The following article deals with repressive measures undertaken by communist-dominated Partisan forces during and especially after WWII in order to take revenge on former enemies, to punish collaborators, and “people’s enemies“ and to decimate and eliminate the potential of opponents to a new, socialist Yugoslavia. The text represents a summary of a master thesis referring to the above-mentioned topic written and accepted at Vienna University in 2002."


 * Yugoslavia: Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity (Post World War Two)


 * Refugees in the Age of Total War by Anna Bramwell. (p138)


 * Tragedy Revealed: The Story of the Italian Population of Istria & Dalmatia by Arrigo Petacco & Konrad Eisenbichler. (p89)
 * Where the Balkans Begin (The Slovenes in Triest-The Foiba Story) by Bernard Meares

During the early Communist occupation in Trieste, Gorizia and the Littoral, and the 40 days of Communist rule in Trieste city, some 6000 arrests were made and the prisoners carried off to Communist-controlled areas. When the Allies finally imposed their rule they found out about the Yugoslav execution squads. The more objective Italian historians and statisticians such as Galliano Fogar and Raoul Pupo point to between 1000 and 1800 Italians and Slovene victims. The Red Cross estimates that 2,250 failed to return, in rough agreement with Bogdan Novak who said in 1971 that 4200 Italians returned out of 6000 arrested


 * Hrcak Portal of Scientific Journals of Croatia by Mr Dizdar's (Scientific Journal) - An Addition to the Research of the Problem of Bleiburg & Way of the Cross.

The information below is taken quote from the Hrcak Portal of Scientific Journals of Croatia by Mr Dizdar's Scientific Journal: An Addition to the Research of the Problem of Bleiburg & Way of the Cross massacres. Written by Zdravko Dizdar a Croatian Historian from the Croatian Institute for History in Zagreb. The paper is dedicated to the 60th anniversary of these tragic events represents a small step towards the elaboration of known data and brings a list of yet unknown and unpublished original documents, mostly belonging to the Yugoslav People's Army and the former Yugoslav Government from 1945-1947. Amongst those documents are those mostly relating to Croatian territory although a majority of concentration camps and execution sites were outside of Croatia, in other parts of Yugoslavia.


 * Identity Politics in the Age of Genocide: The Holocaust and Historical by David B. MacDonald. (p168.)


 * Keeping Tito Afloat by Lorraine M. Lees:

"Tito Afloat draws upon newly declassified documents to show the critical role that Yugoslavia played in U.S. foreign policy with the communist world in the early years of the Cold War. After World War II, the United States considered Yugoslavia to be a loyal Soviet satellite, but Tito surprised the West in 1948 by breaking with Stalin. Seizing this opportunity, the Truman administration sought to "keep Tito afloat" by giving him military and economic aid."
 * Croatia: A History by Ivo Goldstein

"Ivo Goldstein is a Professor at the University of Zagreb. The university is the oldest (1669) and biggest in South-Eastern Europe. The university has 29 faculties, three art academies and the Centre for Croatian Studies. With its comprehensive programmes and over 50,000 full-time undergraduate and postgraduate students. It offers a wide range of academic degree courses leading to Bachelor's, Master's and Doctoral degrees in the following fields: Arts, Biomedicine, Biotechnology, Engineering, Humanities, Natural and Social Sciences."


 * Reports and proceedings of the 8 April European public hearing on “Crimes committed by totalitarian regimes”, organised by the Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the European Union (January–June 2008) and the European Commission.


 * Edited by Peter Jambrek Published by Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the European Union Crimes and other gross and large scale human rights violations committed during the reign of totalitarian regimes in Europe: cross- national survey of crimes committed and of their remembrance, recognition, redress, and reconciliation.
 * European EU's Press Releases-Brussels-Link


 * Encyclopaedia Britannica
 * BBC

Media

 * New York Times: Evolution in Europe; Piles of Bones in Yugoslavia Point to Partisan Massacres.
 * Independent.co.uk World/Europe.The Massacre That Haunts Slovenia
 * BBC News: Italy-Croatia WWII Massacre Spat.
 * Mail Online-Word News: Gassed to Death: 300 victims of Yugoslavia's Communist Regime Found in Mass Grave.
 * China View: Croatia calls for joint investigation of WWII-era mass grave.
 * Slovenia Times: Post-war Killings Enter the Bloody History.
 * Croatia's-Index Net: Victims of Communist Regimes get Monument in Vodice.
 * Croatia's-Javno: Mass Grave Massacre Ordered By Josip Broz Tito.
 * Moje Vjest/Sarajevo: On the Island Daksa Exhumed 48 Victims of Communism.
 * Press Agency: Columnist Says Silence on Post-War Killings Needs to End (Interview). Ljubljana, 1 April (STA) - Alenka Puhar, an author who has written extensively about Slovenia's Communist past, has told STA in an interview that post-WWII killings need to be examined and discussed. "We need to talk about it and live with it, with this pain," she said.
 * EurActiv Network Croatian PM pays tribute to controversial war victims.
 * Ian Cuthbertson review of Tito's Ghosts on www.theaustralian.com.au-Balkans Hero with a Bloodthirsty Streak