User:Sisjenni/sandbox

ADDING

Earmuffs are a style of hearing protection that fit around  the pinna or  the external ear. It is used to reduce the transmission of sound from entering the ear canal at a safer intensity level. Earmuffs can be used recreationally for loud activities, e.g. concerts, loud activities shooting firearms, mowing, etc. Hearing protection in the work place is regulated by organizations such as *Spell out these abbreviations OSHA, MSHA, and NIOSH. Hearing protection can be included in hearing conservation programs if noise exceeds a certain criteria.

Wearing hearing aids alone, without the use of earmuffs, could potentially cause additional noise-induced hearing loss. It is recommended that workers should not use their hearing aids without the use of an earmuff when exposed to sound levels over 80 dBA

Add sentence “The US Department of Defense recommends use of dual hearing protection when exposed to noise ranging from 108 to 118 dBA. Site RAWOOL *Cite DOD

Add sentence to Passive vs. active “The material and structure of the earmuff device is used to decrease the sound level that is transmitted through the ear canal.”

Change sentence “Unfortunately, when worn in real life, the actual attenuation of the device is likely much lower than the labeled NRR” to  “The measured attenuation when worn is less than the attenuation measured in the laboratory suggesting less attenuation than the labeled NRR. Consider: The attenuation is higher when measured in laboratory testing than when it is worn in the field, in real world.  However, earmuffs had the least variability compared to ear plugs. Discrepancies between the field and laboratory results could be due to improper training of how to wear the device. *Is NRR previously spelled out?

Add citation EARlog 18 “Can Hearing Aids Provide Hearing Protection” to the section of the hearing aids and protection.

ADD: Exposure to high level noise (190 dB SPL) may cause the earmuff to vibrate off the external ear causing a leak which would allow exposure to dangerous levels of noise. Site Rawool.

Add “Hearing protection devices are recommended when a person is exposed to an average noise intensity of 85 dBA or greater over an 8 hour shift but requires use of hearing protection devices if exposed to average noise intensity of 90 dBA or greater over an 8 hour shift. *Link to: wiki article on TWA, called Exposure Action Value? MSHA (Insert link) requirements are similar to OSHA. OSHA and MSHA require the use of hearing protection for workers who have not had a baseline hearing test or have had a shift in hearing thresholds, called a standard threshold shift. *If this is used again, STS