User:Skyraider1/sandbox

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources WP:TC WP:WARN

Orders and potential customer evaluations
This section is getting a little unwieldy, and it's readability, IMHO, is poor. Each paragraph is only a sentence or two, and most of them start with a repetitive "On month/year, ...." Nomenclature is an issue too. Is there a precising meaning to "interested in" vs "intends to" vs "plans to"? If a country is reported to be "interested in" an aircraft, it's unlikely it will be reported if the country loses interest (unless it's a contender in a major competition...but to me, that's more than just "interested").

My recommendation would be to review this section, and remove any country/paragraph where there's no mention of anything official (a Memorandum of Understanding, a Request for Information (RFI), an actual contract, etc). Then clean up prose/formatting/etc. And is "operational history" really the best place for this info, or would it make more sense under "design and development"?

Instruments
Solar Probe Plus will achieve its scientific objectives using several suites of instruments:


 * Solar Wind Electrons Alphas and Protons Investigation (SWEAP) consists of two instruments: the Solar Probe Cup (SPC) and the Solar Probe Analyzers (SPAN). The SPC is a Faraday Cup to measure ion and electron fluxes. the SPANs are a set of two electrostatic analyzers. The first one, "SPAN-A", measures ions and electrons, and the second, "SPAN-B", measures only electrons.


 * Wide Field Imager for Solar Probe Plus (WISPR) is a wide filed visible light imager. It is being provided by the Naval Research Laboratory.


 * FIELDS consists of four electric antennas, two fluxgate magnetometers, and one coil magnetometer.


 * After dusting off an old encyclopedia of WWII aircraft sitting on my shelf....the entry on the "Il-2/Il-10" states "Of the most effective families of combat planes built in the Soviet Union during WWII was...the Illyushin Shturmovik". Further, "The origins of the Shturmovik (the Illyushin fighters were known by this nick-name rather than by their official designations) went back to...." ("The complete book of World War II Aircraft", Angelucci, Matricardi, and Pinto, 1988, pg 396. ISBN 0-7607-2873-9).

The way I read that, "Shturmovik" refers more to a broader family/type/class of fighters. Hopefully that helps inform the discussion...though I'm not what specific action is being proposed here, exactly. Cheers! Skyraider1 (talk) 15:18, 18 April 2015 (UTC)

During the invasion of Sicily in July 1943, C-47s dropped 4,381 allied paratroops. More than 50,000 paratroops were dropped by C-47s during the first few days of the invasion of Normandy, France in June 1944.

In October 1973, C-141s and C-5s airlifted supplies from the United States to Israel during the 1973 Yom Kippur War as part of Operation Nickel Grass. Over the course of the operation, C-141s flew 422 missions and carried a total of 10,754 tons of cargo.

The first strategic airlift flight of Operation Desert Shield was flown by a MAC C-141 of the 437th Military Airlift Wing out of Charleston AFB, SC, on 7 August 1990. The C-141 proved to be a workhorse airlifter of Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm, flying 159,462 tons of cargo and 93,126 passengers during 8,536 airlift missions.


 * National Museum of Naval Aviation HH-19G BUNO 1258 is displayed in US Coast Guard colors
 * National Museum of the United States Air Force UH-19B c/n 52-7587 is painted in the colors of one of the helicopters to make the first trans-Atlantic flight
 * Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum The first S-55/YH-19 is on display at the Udvar-Hazy Center
 * Valiant Air Command Warbird Museum UH-19D c/n 57-5937 registered as N37788 is painted in USAF rescue colors

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ref test

 * Part A
 * Part B
 * Part C

Future
The fourth spacecraft to be part of the Ocean Surface Topography Mission, Jason-3, is scheduled for launch in 2015. Like its predecessors, the primary instrument aboard Jason-3 is a radar altimeter. Additional instruments include:
 * a microwave radiometer
 * DORIS (Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite)
 * Laser Retroreflector Array (LRA)
 * Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver

Jason-3 will launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base on board a Falcon 9 rocket.

Commercial, corporate, and private use
In April 1973, Federal Express began its air express package delivery service using Falcon 20s out of its distribution center in Memphis, Tennessee. At the height of its use, the cargo airline flew 33 Falcon 20s, until replacing it with larger aircraft. A Falcon 20 that carried the first Federal Express air express package is now on display at the Smithsonian’s Udvar-Hazy Center at Dulles Airport, Virginia.

U.S. Coast Guard
The United States Coast Guard operates a model called the HU-25 Guardian. The Guardian is used as a high-speed spotter aircraft to locate shipwreck survivors and direct slower-moving aircraft and rescue vessels, and interdict aerial and shipborne drug trafficking. The first HU-25 was delivered in 1982; by 1983, 41 aircraft had been acquired. The HU-25 is being replaced by the HC-144 Ocean Sentry, and will be completely removed from Coast Guard service in 2014.

NASA
In 2011, NASA acquired a former Coast Guard HU-25C for use in Operation IceBridge. The aircraft, based at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, is equipped with a scanning laser altimeter to collect data on Artic surface topography.

Background
Tropical precipitation is a difficult parameter to measure, due to large spacial and temporal variations. However, understanding tropical precipitation is important for weather and climate prediction, as this precipitation contains three-fourths of the energy that drives atmospheric wind circulation. Prior to TRMM, the distribution of rainfall worldwide was known to only a 50% degree of uncertainty

The concept for TRMM was first proposed in 1984. The science objectives, as first proposed, were :


 * To advance understanding of the global energy and water cycles by providing distributions of rainfall and latent heating over the global Tropics.
 * To understand the mechanisms through which changes in tropical rainfall influence global circulation and to improve ability to model these processes in order to predict global circulations and rainfall variability at monthly and longer timescales.
 * To provide rain and latent heating distributions to improve the initialization of models ranging from 24-h forecasts to short-range climate variations.
 * To help to understand, to diagnose, and to predict the onset and development of the El Niño, Southern Oscillation, and the propagation of the 30–60-day oscillations in the Tropics.
 * To help to understand the effect that rainfall has on the ocean thermohaline circulations and the structure of the upper ocean.
 * To allow cross calibration between TRMM and other sensors with life expectancies beyond that of TRMM itself.
 * To evaluate the diurnal variability of tropical rainfall globally.
 * To evaluate a space-based system for rainfall measurements.

Japan joined the initial study for the TRMM mission in 1986. Development of the satellite became a joint project between the space agencies of the U.S. and Japan, with Japan providing the Precipitation Radar (PR) and H-II launch vehicle, and the U.S. providing the satellite bus and remaining instruments. The project received formal support from the U.S. congress in 1991, followed by spacecraft construction from 1993 through 1997. TRMM launched from Tanegashima Space Center on 27 November 1997.

scratchpad for HGR
In 1934, after purchase by Fairchild, Kreider-Reisner was renamed the Fairchild Aircraft Corporation. In the following years, an aircraft manufacturing facility was built on the Hagerstown municipal airport site. In the 1940s, the Fairchild Aircraft factory at Hagerstown produced PT-19 trainers and C-82 Packet transport aircraft for the war. After World War II, Fairchild would go on to produce C-119 and C-123 military transports and license-produce Fokker F27 airliners at Hagerstown. From 1973 to 1984, final assembly and checkout of the A-10 Thunderbolt II was performed at Hagerstown. Following A-10 production, Fairchild shut down the Hagerstown plant. In 57 years of operation, the Fairchild facility had built over 10,000 aircraft.

Background
Forecasting the tracks of tropical cyclones since 1990 has improved by approximately 50%; however, in the same time period there has not been a corresponding improvement in forecasting the intensity of these storms. A better understand of the inner core of tropical storms could lead to better forecasts; however, current sensors are unable to gather quality data on the inner core due to obscuration from rain bands surrounding it. In order to improve the models used in intensity forecasts, better data is required.

In order to overcome this limitation, CYGNSS will measure the ocean surface wind field using a bi-static scatterometry technique based on GPS signals. . Each satellite receives both direct GPS signals and signals reflected from the Earth's surface; the direct signals pinpoint spacecraft position, while the reflected or "scattered" signals provide information about the condition of the sea's surface. Sea surface roughness corresponds to wind speed. . Using a constellation of eight small satellites in place of a smaller number of larger satellites enables more frequent observations: the mean revisit time is predicted to be 4 hours.

Instruments
Each CYGNSS satellite carries a Delay Doppler Mapping Instrument (DDMI), consisting of:
 * a Delay Mapping Receiver (DMR)
 * two nadir-pointing antennas
 * one zenith-pointing antenna

The instrument receives GPS signals for the purposes of scatterometry.