User:Sluzzelin/Sandbox/Index Reference desk/Language

=General questions on language=

Language acquisition

 * How do children learn to read? Differences depending on language? : "Learning to read" (Sep 29, 2007)
 * Importance of preparing lesson before classes : "english language" (Sep 12, 2007)
 * English as a second language in Finland (and Europe) : "Finland Speak English?" (Aug 13, 2007)
 * Number of words needed to understand a foreign language : "Number of words needed to be able to understand a language" (Aug 15, 2007)
 * Translating newly-encountered languages : "How are (were) newly-encountered languages translated?" (Aug 19, 2007)

Looking for one or several languages …

 * "Could someone provide an example of a lighter language without an open vowel?" : "Languages without open vowels" (Aug 7, 2007)
 * "What combination of two languages has the most bilingual speakers?" "Bilingual" (Aug 25, 2007)
 * Languages using number classifiers similar to the Irish language : "Numbers" (Aug 26, 2007)
 * Languages using reduplicative slang : "Reduplicative slang" (Sep 16, 2007)
 * ''Languages using equivalents of the phrase "An Englishman's home is his castle" : "Englishman's home" (Sep 28, 2007)

General questions on language: uncategorized

 * Does climate affect language evolution? : "Does climate affect language evolution" (Aug 13, 2007)
 * Definition of "logical"/"illogical" in connection with languages : "Logical language" (Aug 18, 2007)
 * Tongue twisters - why are they so difficult? : "Tongue Twisters" (Aug 22, 2007)
 * "Could there (in theory) be a language with a word-to-morpheme ratio of 2-1?" : "word-to-morpheme ratio" (Sep 2, 2007)

=English language=

English varieties, dialects and accents

 * Distinction between Australian and British English: Australian vs English Accent" (Aug 2, 2007)
 * Intelligibility of Lowland Scots : "The Scots leid" (Sep 27, 2007)
 * Identifying accent of a cartoon cat : "Identify accent" (Aug 12, 2007)
 * ISO 639 code for Basic English : "ISO 639" (Sep 2, 2007)

Origin of words, idioms, and phrases

 * as right as rain : "origin of English idiomatic phrase" (Sep 24, 2007)
 * Beowulf : "Bears and wolves" (Aug 15, 2007)
 * cottage cheese : "Cottage cheese" (Sep 22, 2007)
 * duh : "Is the English "duh" derived from the Русский (Russian) "da"?" (Aug 6, 2007)
 * embryo : "The origin of the word embryo" (Sep 22, 2007)
 * flooding someone with paperwork : Phrase Origin(s): "Flood [them] with paperwork" (Aug 16, 2007)
 * gentleman : "Etymology of gentleman" (Aug 4, 2007)
 * Hello Africa, tell me how you doing? : "Hello Africa, tell me how you doing?" (Aug 31, 2007)
 * How's your father? (etymology of euphemism) : "how's your father" (Sep 20, 2007)
 * idle (connection to German “Adel”): "Etymology of gentleman" (Aug 4, 2007)
 * It's an X thing, you wouldn't understand : "It's an X thing, you wouldn't understand" (Aug 13, 2007)
 * Johnny (in the sense of “condom”) : "Johnny condom" (Sep 22, 2007)
 * Keep your eyes peeled" : "Etymology" (Aug 23, 2007)
 * Noddy : "Noddy" (Aug 24, 2007)
 * segue (Why is the word not featured in 1975 and 1980 editions of the OED?) : "segue not in oed" (Sep 14, 2007)
 * Tremarctos : "Translation of "trem-" in genus name Tremarctos" (Sep 9, 2007)
 * whistle down the wind : "whistle down the wind: etymology" (Sep 19, 2007)

General etymological questions

 * Feminine gender for ships and boats : "A question from es.wikipedia regarding the femeninity of boats" (Sep 23, 2007)
 * Percentage of English words derived from Latin or Romance languages : "Percentage of English words derived from Latin or Romance languages" (Sep 25, 2007)

Grammar

 * "as" (which word category in the example "X was very good, as defined by Y") : "Word Category" (Aug 29, 2007)
 * Demonymic prefixes : correct formation and order (e.g.: Finno-Soviet Treaty) : "Grammar and nationalities" (Sep 21, 2007)
 * "dispose of" vs "dispose off": "Usage of English" (Aug 2, 2007)
 * "further" (corresponding positive stem and superlative) : "Further" (Aug 23, 2007)
 * "grammar" vs "syntax" (distinction) : "Grammar vs Syntax" (Aug 13, 2007)


 * ”I'm loving it” : "I'm not loving it" (Aug 27, 2007)
 * ''"in-" and "un-" (different prefixes indicating the same thing, same prefix indicating different meanings, when to use which) : "Confusion about in- and un-" (Sep 9, 2007)
 * ''"in to" and "into" (distinction in usage) : "Use of into/in to" (Sep 20, 2007)
 * ”malice” (usage as a verb) : "Malice as a verb" (Aug 24, 2007)
 * Negation: "have" or "haven't" ("You have seen nothing yet" or "You haven't seen nothing yet"?) : "Have or Haven't" (Aug 23, 2007)
 * "nurse" (gender) : "gender names" (Sep 13, 2007)
 * "on foot" vs "by foot" : "On foot vs. by foot" (Aug 25, 2007)
 * Past tense in questions ("He walked." vs "Did he walk?") : "Questions in simiple past tense" (Sep 14, 2007)
 * Preposition stranding ("Is there a grammatical rule which prefers either "for what voltage was this designed?" or "what voltage was this designed for?"?) : "Grammar" (Sep 11, 2007)
 * Pronoun-referent agreement : "What is the Correct Pronoun to Use Here?" (Sep 17, 2007)
 * Sentence anaylsis (request to analyze "On his return, Ken found his suitcase untouched.") : |"English- Sentence Pattern" (July 1, 2007)
 * ''"a short sentence about himself containing a subject in the third person and a predicate in the past tense." (request for example of Mr. Duffy's odd autobiographical habit in Joyce's "A Painful Case") : ""Odd Autobiographical Habit" - Dubliners" (July 2, 2007)
 * "standing on line" vs "standing in line" : "correct preposition use" (Aug 8, 2007)
 * Run-on sentence : "Elementary language Homework" (Sep 21, 2007)
 * ''Subject-verb agreement: "Charleston Women in International Trade" : "invitation question..." (Sep 6, 2007)
 * Subject-verb agreement: "none" : "None" (Sep 4, 2007)
 * subject-verb agreement: "trio" - formal and notional agreement for collective nouns : "Trio" (Aug 7, 2007)
 * Subject-verb agreement: "who" ("It is you who are responsible for the action. It is I who am your friend.") : "Are these grammatically correct?" (Aug 28, 2007)
 * Subject-verb agreement: differences between British and U.S. English : "When referring to groups..." (Sep 19, 2007)
 * Subjunctive mode : "Is this correct English?" (Aug 13, 2007)
 * "that" (lexical class) : "The English Word "That"" (Sep 11, 2007)
 * Transitive verbs with an intransitive meaning : "(In)transitive verbs" (Sep 30, 2007)
 * ''"whose" vs "who's" : "Whose?" (Aug 4, 2007)

History of the English language

 * Literal translation of Beowulf in modern day English : "beowulf -q2" (Aug 15, 2007)
 * Earliest record of the first name "Trilby" : "The fisrt name 'TRILBY'" (Aug 15, 2007)
 * List of British toponym components : "uk place names" (Aug 20, 2007)
 * How far back in time could a speaker of contemporary English go "and still be able to have a reasonable conversation with someone" of that period? : "Speaking English" (Sep 4, 2007)
 * "Who was the first King of England to have used English as his first (or most usual) language?" : "Growth of English acceptability of (Middle) English" (Sep 6, 2007)
 * "What's the most recent alphabetic character to fall out of common use in English?" : "Lost letters" (Sep 13, 2007) Winner of the fourth ever User:Dweller/Dweller's Ref Desk thread of the week award!
 * How did the English language lose its gender distinctions? : "Loss of Gender in English Between Old and Modern English" (Sep 24, 2007)

Orthography

 * a and an - juncture before bracketed words : "Effect of words in brackets on sentence" (Sep 24, 2007)
 * inimitable : "Spelling query - inimitable" (Aug 13, 2007)
 * Internet (capitalization) : "Internet" (Aug 30, 2007)
 * Possessive apostrophe: "Britney Spears" : "Britney Spears' or Britney Spears's" (Sep 10, 2007)
 * Possessive apostrophe and irregular nouns : "Irregular nouns and apostrophes" (Aug 23, 2007)
 * Numbers: question on why the abbreviation "6th" can be read phonetically, while "1st", "2nd", and "3d" cannot be read phonetically : "Ordinal Numbers" (Aug 6, 2007)

Hyphenization

 * ''"animal-product-free" or "animal product-free" or "animal-product free"? : "Hyphen" (Aug 26, 2007)
 * "fair-use" or "fair use"? : "When should the hyphen be used, and when should it not be used?" (Sep 6, 2007)
 * Dehyphenization of hyphenated terms using obsolete words (e.g.: "spick and span") : "Spick-and-span (& spick and span; & spick)" (Sep 24, 2007)

Singulars and plurals

 * "A" (plural form of the letter 'A') : "straight As or straight A's?" (Sep 10, 2007)
 * entree / entrée : "accent advice please" (Sep 28, 2007)
 * "Grand Prix" (plural form) : "Grand Prix" (Aug 6, 2007)
 * ''"Jehovah's Witnesses" - correct singular form : "A member of Jehovah's Witnesses" (Aug 9, 2007)
 * "letters patent" (singular form): "Letters Patent" (Aug 23, 2007)
 * "S" (plural form of the letter 'S') : "Follow up" (2) (Sep 10, 2007)

Punctuation

 * ''Comma : "Hi, John," or "Hi John," : "Punctuation" (Sep 20, 2007)
 * Periods, commas and spaces as decimal separators and for presenting large numbers : "Period in numbers" (Aug 3, 2007)

Phonology

 * Allomorphs of plural morphemes : "a linguistic question" (Sep 15, 2007)
 * ''"sew" and "new" - Why don't they rhyme? : "Sew what's new?" (Sep 26, 2007)

Pronunciation of words

 * α-amanitin : "How to pronounce (for use in spoken wiki project) death cap mushroom article" (Sep 12, 2007)
 * "æ" : "Pronunciation" (Aug 10, 2007)
 * Amanita phalloides : "How to pronounce (for use in spoken wiki project) death cap mushroom article" (Sep 12, 2007)
 * are (unit of area) : "Pronunciation: Are" (Aug 14, 2007)
 * basidiomycete : "How to pronounce (for use in spoken wiki project) death cap mushroom article" (Sep 12, 2007)
 * Beowulf : "beowulf" (Aug 15, 2007)
 * Brabham (IPA transcription of surname) : "IPA for Australian name Brabham" (Sep 28, 2007)
 * Charis : "how do you pronouce charis?" (Sep 28, 2007)
 * Chinese (question on shifting position of stressed syllables) : "consultation on stress on word Chinese" (Sep 1, 2007)
 * Chloe : "How to read Chloe?" (sep 9, 2007)
 * Colonel : "The Word "Colonel"" (Aug 18, 2007)
 * Geach (pronunciation of Peter Geach's surname) : "Help with name pronunciation, Peter Geach" (Sep 24, 2007)
 * manual: "Manual" (Aug 1, 2007)
 * Oz (Rhyming with "claws" and "straws" in American English) : "Wizard of Oz lyrics" (Sep 26, 2007)
 * react (glottal stop between vowels?) : "Glottal stop" (Sep 15, 2007)
 * Sakic (IPA transcription of Joe Sakic's name) : "What is the IPA for Joe Sakic ?" (Sep 20, 2007)
 * schedule : "Schedule conflicts!" (Sep 7, 2007)
 * Temescal: "Pronunciation" (Aug 1, 2007)
 * the random editor (IPA notation) : "Translation" (Sep 15, 2007)
 * "Y" (letter) (Is it a vowel?) : "Y" (Sep 14, 2007)

Stylistics

 * How to write essays with style : "CREATIVE WRITING --- SENTENCE OR PARAGRAPH STYLE" (Aug 26, 2007)
 * "It was a dark and stormy night" (Why is it so bad or amusing?) : "It was a dark and stormy night" (Sep 7, 2007)


 * ''never - "We never observed ..." vs. "We did not observe ..." : "Grammar" (Sep 30, 2007)
 * "This mathematical formula calculates the number of full years and days that have elapsed between two specified dates." (requested rephrasing): "Reword this sentence" (Aug 16, 2007)
 * "The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award which is awarded by AMPAS." (requested less repetetive rephrasing) : "Please help with semantics" (Sep 20, 2007)
 * ''"Let yourself be tempted by ..." : "Let yourself be tempted by ..." (Sep 21, 2007)
 * Request to proof-read a paragraph : "How do you like my paragraph?" (Sep 26, 2007)


 * Quotes or italics for unvoiced thoughts : "Grammar 2" (Sep 16, 2007)
 * "Capitalizing words in a header?" : "What words do you not capitalize in a header?" (Sep 4, 2007)
 * Italicization of "Palme d'Or" (the award) : "Italics" (Sep 16, 2007)
 * "If you wish, ..." / "If you wish so, ..." (preferred version) : "If you wish / If you wish so" (Sep 16, 2007)
 * "As he came closer. And closer. And closer. My heart start to thump harder. And harder. And harder." (Is the sentence grammatically correct?)  : "Grammar" (Sep 18, 2007)

Meaning of an English word, idiom, or phrase

 * aclaratory note : "Aclaratory note" (Sep 4, 2007)
 * act (as a noun for a person) : "Is the following sentence grammatical?" (Aug 25, 2007)
 * baked (as in "to get baked") : "get baked" (July 2, 2007)
 * barring : "In the following sentence, which eventuality is more likely?" (Aug 16, 2007)
 * Bereweeke : "Bereweeke" (Aug 16, 2007)
 * blood on blood : "Blood on Blood" (Sep 19, 2007)
 * Buffalo Stance : "Buffalo Stance" (Sep 1, 2007)
 * cartridge paper (U.S. equivalent?) : "Cartridge paper" (Aug 15, 2007)
 * cast a dispersion / cast an aspersion : "Cast a Dispersion?" (Sep 5, 2007)
 * the chips are down : "language arts" (Sep 27, 2007)
 * consultant (synonyms) : "The word 'consultant'" (Aug 26, 2007)
 * content / contented (distinction) : "Content/Contented" (Sep 15, 2007)
 * day / date (distinction) : "Choose Between Two Words" (Sep 20, 2007)
 * derogation (usage by native English speakers) : "European English?" (Sep 10, 2007)
 * discrimination : "Discrimination definition" (Aug 12, 2007)
 * duffel bag (distinction from holdall) : "Duffel bags" (Aug 21, 2007)
 * established county vs organized county (distinction in connection with U.S. counties) : "U.S. counties - what is the difference between established and organized" (Sep 18, 2007)
 * express yourself : "Question" (Aug 25, 2007)
 * farty : "Farty" (Aug 12, 2007)
 * feet of clay : "Feet/Feat of Clay" (Aug 25, 2007)
 * film / motion picture / movie / picture (distinction of terms) : More help with semantics" (Sep 10, 2007)
 * further / farther (distinction in meaning) : "Further/farther" (Sep 8, 2007)
 * gallumph : "Gallumph" (Aug 20, 2007)
 * game, set, and match : "What does the English idiom game, set, and match mean?" (Sep 7, 2007)
 * hairs on a bobbin : "what is the phrase "hairs on a bobbin"" (Sep 27, 2007)
 * hang ten : "hang 10" (July 1, 2007)
 * hard as a rock (and about as human) : "language arts" (Sep 27, 2007)
 * here you go / here I go : "Here you go" (Aug 12, 2007)
 * historic / historical (distinction) : "definition and use of historical versus historic" (Sep 15, 2007)
 * humble / humbled (correct usage in "I am humbled") : "I am "humbled"" (Sep 23, 2007)
 * idiom / proverb (distinction) : "Idioms & Proverbs" (Sep 25, 2007)
 * just now : "Just now" (Sep 18, 2007)
 * knowing the score : "language arts" (Sep 27, 2007)
 * ladies and germs (Why is it funny?) : "Ladies and germs" (Aug 12, 2007)
 * lame : ""To be lame" meaning" (Aug 30, 2007)
 * last / latest / most recent (distinction and usage) : "Best Word Selection" (Sep 16, 2007)
 * ludography (existing word or neologism?) : "Neologism?" ((Sep 9, 2007)
 * luggage : "Luggage" (Aug 28, 2007)
 * Macavity : "Mean of "Macavity"" (Sep 7, 2007)
 * metamagic : "Metamagic" (Aug 20, 2007)
 * murdered / murder victim (usage when court did not pronounce the act as "murder") : "Semantics" (July 1, 2007)
 * my bad : "My Bad . . . ?" (Aug 5, 2007)
 * native / Native American (definition) : "Definition of the word "native"" (Sep 25, 2007)
 * no bones (meaning) : "No bones" (Sep 15, 2007)
 * non-surety bond: Non-Surety_Bond (Aug 2, 2007)
 * OBO (meaning of acronym) : "obo" (Sep 8, 2007)
 * pain in the neck : "language arts" (Sep 27, 2007)
 * playing catchup: to play catchup" (Aug 2, 2007)
 * Practice makes perfect. vs Nothing is perfect. : ""Practice Makes Perfect" & "Nothing is Perfect" = Oxymoron?" (Aug 3, 2007)
 * professor - teacher - instructor (distinctions in meaning) : "After research no clear answer: "What's the difference between Professor, Teacher, instructor?"" (Sep 8, 2007)
 * PTSA (meaning of acronym) : "PTSA" (Sep 14, 2007)
 * pulling someone's leg : "I have an idea you're pulling our leg. - Xn4" (Sep 24, 2007)
 * pulling someone's train : "Meaning of a phrase" (Sep 30, 2007)
 * rape victims (usage when court did not pronounce the act as "rape") : "Semantics" (July 1, 2007)
 * ''role / performance' (distinction of terms) : More help with semantics" (Sep 10, 2007)
 * slimeball : "Slimeball" (Aug 2, 2007)
 * to sport (usage) : "to sport" (Sep 21, 2007)
 * there goes ... : "There goes...." (Aug 12, 2007)
 * the third degree : "The Third Degree" (Aug 9, 2007)
 * the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth : "The Truth, the Whole Truth, and Nothing but the Truth" (Aug 9, 2007)
 * "twins and triplets" : "Semantics ... Triplets vs. Twins" (Aug 22, 2007)
 * unencyclopedic : "uneyclopedic" (Aug 20, 2007)
 * valorize (usage by native English speakers) : "European English?" (Sep 10, 2007)
 * wazoo : "not much, wazoo with you?" (Aug 24, 2007)
 * wilwarks : "Wilwarks" (Aug 6, 2007)
 * wighte : "14th century english" (Aug 19, 2007)

Language terms

 * Japanese translates literally as "character tiles", but it actually means "honor tiles"; whereas what we call the "character tiles" in English are actually what the Japanese call "myriad tiles". This is not a case of "false friends" or "false cognates", but it is false something. What? : "What is this called?" (Aug 20, 2007)
 * Names of famous people representing a type of person (e.g.: "he's another Benedict Arnold") : "Names of Famous People" (Sep 11, 2007)
 * "Is there is a term for prepositions that precede some surnames?" : "Prepositions Preceding Surnames: A Collective Term and Their Alphabetisation" (Sep 7, 2007)
 * Response to a response : "Semantics" (Aug 27, 2007)
 * "Is there an official name for that "floating s" that seems to afflict the English of Nordic folks who don't have a firm grasp of the language?" : "nordic floating s" (Aug 29, 2007)
 * ''"word for the concept/practice of turning a noun into a verb" : "RSVP as a verb" (Sep 15, 2007)
 * Poetic construction in the style of "Kiss Me" by Sixpence None the Richer : "Kiss Me" (Sep 29, 2007)
 * ''"What is the name for a text that in style is a summary of another fictional work, but contains every single plot element, and all descriptions of all the things/places/people in the original work? But lacks its dramatic structure?" : "summary, precis..?" (Sep 4, 2007)
 * "Could someone tell me the name of the symbol @ used in email address?" : "Name @ please" (Aug 22, 2007)
 * HTML or XHTML = (X)HTML: "What is the technical name for this kind of "conflation" of terms? : "HTML, XHTML, (X)HTML, X(HTML)" (Aug 16, 2007)

People

 * "A person professionally operating an elevator" : "Liftboy?" (July 2, 2007)
 * ''Word meaning "impoverished aristocrat" : "impoverished aristocrat" (Sep 13, 2007)
 * "Is there a term used to refer to nieces and nephews collectively?" : "terminology" (Sep 4, 2007)
 * Adjective for someone who won one single Oscar and for someone who won several Oscars : "Best Word Choice?" (Sep 19, 2007)
 * "What is the name or description of someone that refuses to take responsibility for individual circumstance or actions?" : "Language, personal description" (Aug 5, 2007)
 * "What is the term for someone who believes they are a Vampire?" : "Vampire" (Sep 24, 2007)

Thoughts and sensations

 * "What's the logical fallacy that is something like : it is very unlikely a new discovery is made within a field by someone who is not an expert. ?": "Logical fallacy." (Aug 2, 2007)
 * "What is it called when you use a tool to fix itself?" : "What would you call this?" (Aug 23, 2007)
 * "Is there a word for the sensation you get when looking over a precipous? Not "vertigo" but rather, I am embarassed to say, something felt in the genitals." : "Sense of Vertigo" (Sep 10, 2007)
 * Sensation of late, after-the-fact recollection of a word that had been at the tip of your tongue previously : "What Word Describes This Idea?" (Sep 13, 2007)

Things

 * "Word for the skin that sloughs off after sunburn" : "Word for the skin that sloughs off after sunburn" (Aug 19, 2007)
 * "What is the name of the stylus used to write Burmese script on palm leaves?" : "Burmese writing implement?" (Aug 21, 2007)

Looking for a word: uncategorized

 * "Word that starts with the sound "ari-" and means something insulting" : "Word" (Sep 4, 2007)
 * Word that can be called "the e-word" : "The e-word" (Sep 19, 2007)

Wordplay

 * Daffynitions (request for explanations) : "Daffynitions" (Aug 30, 2007)
 * Puzzle "to see if peoples brains here work well with logic as well as facts and resource." : "Puzzle" (Aug 30, 2007)
 * Shortest sentence using all 9 parts of speech : "Shortest sentence" (Sep 28, 2007)
 * Single-word double dactyls (request for examples) : "Double Dactyls" (Sep 7, 2007)
 * Word rhyming with "fight" and synonymous to the verb "to study" : "Word which rhymes with "fight" and "write"" (Sep 17, 2007)

English language resources

 * Dictionaries: "Free dictionary for download" (Aug 2, 2007)
 * Grammar check : "grammar help" (Sep 9, 2007)
 * List of words by ending : "words that end in certain letters" (July 2, 2007)
 * Paraphrasing/"deplagiarizing" texts : "A fast system to deplagirize text?" (Sep 7, 2007)
 * Translating machine Old English >> Modern English : "beowulf -q2" (Aug 15, 2007)

English language: uncategorized

 * Reading numbers out loud: "426" - "four two six", "four twenty-six", or "four hundred and twenty-six" : ""Four twenty six"?" (Aug 10, 2007)
 * Understanding strangely worded sentences : "Do native speakers of English understand following type of sentences easily?" (Sep 7, 2007)
 * Alphabetization of surnames with nobiliary particles : "Prepositions Preceding Surnames: A Collective Term and Their Alphabetisation" (Sep 7, 2007)

=Foreign languages=

Arabic words and phrases / requests for translation Arabic>>English

 * Translation of linked Arabic text : "New page in Arabic" (Sep 16, 2007)

Translations English>>Arabic

 * God forbid (translation) : ""God Forbid" in Arabic" (Aug 7, 2007)

Basque language

 * Miquelon (Basque or Spanish name) : "Miquelon; Basque, Spanish, both or neither?" (Sep 27, 2007)

Chinese words and phrases / requests for translation Chinese>>English

 * "串"(verb) as in "串人" or "佢串我" (translation Cantonese >> English): "Cantonese translation" (Aug 13, 2007)
 * zh:帛金 (meaning): "Chinese translation" (Aug 1, 2007)
 * 集异璧 (meaning and homophony with initials GEB (Gödel - Escher - Bach) : "Need Chinese reference or advice" (Sep 17, 2007)
 * Help with navigating a Chinese website : "Help contacting a person whose web site is in Chinese" (Sep 2, 2007)

Chinese language: uncategorized

 * Middle Chinese: phonetic value of "r" in initial compound clusters such as "tr" "dr" : "Middle Chinese" (Sep 12, 2007)
 * Soul (Connotations of word as used by the Communist Party of China) : "The Communist Party of China and the human soul" (Sep 7, 2007)

Czech words and phrases / requests for translation Czech>>English

 * Lovci myšlenek (literal translation) : "Lovci Myslenek" (Aug 21, 2007)

Dutch language

 * "Why do so many Dutch/Afrikaans surnames seem to be Latin?" : "Latinized Dutch names" (Sep 30, 2007)

Faroese language

 * Svangaskarð (language identification and pronunciation) : "Svangaskarð pronunciation" (Sep 23, 2007)

Finnish language

 * Tuomas (pronunciation) : "Pronounciation of the name "Tuomas" in Finnish" (Aug 25, 2007)

French words and phrases / requests for translation French>>English

 * cinq (pronunciation, "Is there some pronunciation of 5 in French that sounds nearly identical to "Fuck"") : French Numbers
 * délation (meaning)'': "What_are_Delation_and_Zele" (Aug 1, 2007)
 * "en Haïti" (pronunciation, liasion for "en" + "H...") : French in Haiti? (Aug 16, 2007)
 * éventuel / éventuellement (corresponding adjective and adverb in English?) : "And, while we're at gallicisms..." (Sep 10, 2007)
 * zèle/zélé (meaning)'': "What_are_Delation_and_Zele" (Aug 1, 2007)
 * Request to check a French>>English translation on crystal systems : "Translation (fr --> en) check" (Sep 4, 2007)

Translations English>>French

 * "Be yourself" (translation) : "Need Help With Translation" (Sep 6, 2007)
 * "Boy, was I wrong!" (translation) : "French equivalent?" (Aug 21, 2007)
 * general : "French translation" (Sep 21, 2007)
 * "House of Commons Defence Committee" (translation) : "french" (Sep 4, 2007)
 * How are you? (translation) : "French Question" (July 2, 2007)
 * narrow minded bastard (translation) : "French expression" (Aug 5, 2007)

French language: uncategorized

 * List of French verbs sorted by frequency : "French corpus: verb frequency" (Sep 10, 2007)
 * Percentage of Haitians proficient in Standard French : French in Haiti? (Aug 16, 2007)

German words and phrases / requests for translation German>>English

 * “Adel / edel“ (relation with English „idle“) : "Etymology of gentleman" (Aug 4, 2007)
 * "Bildungsromane", "Bildungsheld", "Bildungsidee" (meaning) : "bildungsromane" (Sep 2, 2007)
 * entgegen (pronunciation) : "How do you pronounce "zusammen" and "entgegen"?" (Sep 15, 2007)
 * Geburtstag des Alpinismus (literal translation) : "German translation" (July 1, 2007)
 * "geh-hey man" (translation of phonetic transcription) : "Swiss German Expression?" (Sep 1, 2007)
 * Geländegängigermehrzweckigerpersonenkraftwagen (Does the word exist?) : "Long German word for "jeep"" (Sep 16, 2007)
 * J (pronunciation of the letter) : "Pronunciation of 'J' in German" (Aug 14, 2007)
 * reisen / verreisen (distinction in meaning in usage) : "Verreisen vs. reisen" (Sep 18, 2007)
 * "Schvelts"/"Schulz" (correct name and meaning of a drinking game) : "German manners" (Sep 9, 2007)
 * "Vater Unser" vs "Unser Vater" (which version of the Lord's Prayer is older) : "Unser Vater - German Our Father prayer" (Aug 23, 2007)
 * weibliche Rundungen (corresponding expression in English) : "Female curves?" (Aug 10, 2007)
 * ziehen (different meanings) : "Ziehen" (Sep 24, 2007)
 * zusammen (pronunciation) : "How do you pronounce "zusammen" and "entgegen"?" (Sep 15, 2007)

German language: uncategorized

 * Advice on improving sentence structure and memorizing vocabulary : "German Help" (Sep 8, 2007)
 * German equivalent to Cambridge English exams : "German exams" (Sep 18, 2007)

Translations English>>Japanese

 * "the overseer of the oligarchy" (translation from English) : "Ancient Greek" (Aug 3, 2007)

Greek language (ancient): uncategorized

 * mutual intelligibility of Ancient and Modern Greek : "Old and modern Greek" (Aug 9, 2007)

Greek language (modern)

 * How to transcribe a Greek name in Latin letters based on the Hebrew transcription "קאיה" : "Greek first name in Latin transliteration" (Aug 24, 2007)

Hebrew language

 * Translation of comment beginning with "שלום" : "Translation of comment required" (Sep 1, 2007)

Hindi language

 * How to translate Hindi to English (generally) : "Hindi to English" (Aug 28, 2007)

Irish language

 * nil éinne : "nil einne (or éinne) - who recognises this? & Irish speakers" (Aug 9, 2007)

Italian words and phrases / requests for translation Italian>>English

 * capito (does it imply "ho capito" or "è capito" ?) : "Capito" (Sep 11, 2007)
 * giorno / giornata (distinct meanings) : "Some questions on learning Italian" (Sep 11, 2007)
 * grissino torinese (noun-adjective agreement for singular and plural forms): "torinese/torinesi" (Aug 30, 2007)
 * -one (meaning of suffix) : "Some questions on learning Italian" (Sep 11, 2007)
 * pizza (pronunciation) : "Why Italian pronounces "pizza" as "pete-zha" not "pee-sha"?" (Sep 21, 2007)
 * "Sant'Angelo" vs "Sant' Angelo" (usage of space after apostrophe) : "The space between" (Aug 30, 2007)
 * Scaglia orazio aci S. Antonio (translation and origin of inscription on wood carving) : "Scaglia orazio aci S. Antonio" (Sep 17, 2007)
 * sera / serata (distinct meanings) : "Some questions on learning Italian" (Sep 11, 2007)

Japanese words and phrases / requests for translation Japanese>>English

 * 次へ (pronunciation) : "Japanese pronunciation" (Aug 13, 2007)
 * 前へ (pronunciation) : "Japanese pronunciation" (Aug 13, 2007)
 * もう1度 (pronunciation) : "Japanese pronunciation" (Aug 13, 2007)
 * 鷲は舞い降りた (meaning, article identification) : "Help with foreign language links" (Sep 6, 2007)
 * oi kei (meaning) : "oi kei" (Sep 9, 2007)
 * Tenko (meaning in English) : "English translation from Japanese" (Sep 9, 2007)
 * Watashi wa kawaii desu / Watashi kawaii wa desu (question on word order) : "Japanese" (Sep 21, 2007)

Translations English>>Japanese

 * "Be yourself" (translation) : "Need Help With Translation" (Sep 6, 2007)
 * Bladestorm article (request for translation Japanese >> English) : "translate" (Aug 16, 2007) and "Translate japaneses please (re-ask)" (Aug 24, 2007)

Japanese language: uncategorized

 * Questions to ask japanese exchange students (request for questions in Japanese) : "Questions to ask Japanese exchange students" (Aug 19, 2007)
 * Yuji Ide (looking for Japanese language websites) : "Japanese translation: seeking sources about Yuji Ide to add to Wikipedia article" (Aug 23, 2007)
 * Japanese pidgins and creoles : "Swedish/Japanese pidgin or creoles" (Aug 29, 2007)

Kannada language

 * T-V distinction : "T-V distinction in Kannada" (Sep 3, 2007)

K'iche' language

 * Popol-Vuh (pronunciation) : "Pronunciation of Popol-Vuh" (July 2, 2007)

Khmer language

 * Schyler (translation or spelling of name in Khmer) : "Khmer language" (Sep 24, 2007)

Korean words and phrases / requests for translation Korean>>English

 * 제목없음 : "Korean translation" (Sep 17, 2007)

Translations English>>Korean

 * "Be yourself" (translation) : "Need Help With Translation" (Sep 6, 2007)
 * Song lyrics for song "Starian" by "Duke" (identification of language and meaning) : "A Song that no one knows..." (Sep 8, 2007)

Korean language: uncategorized

 * Information on Ban Ki-moon available in Korean (request for article improvement) : "Anybody know any Korean?" (Sep 10, 2007)

Latin words and phrases / requests for translation Latin>>English

 * "ae" versus "æ" (when to use which) : ""ae" versus "æ"" (Aug 20, 2007)
 * "Ah, si mundus iste mendax, frater, te fefellit, quare / vehementer ita mundum increpas, et indignare? / Cuncta fatum ab aeterno designavit in aeternum, / Calamasque currens ille nescit unquam remeare." (translation) : "latin poem" (Sep 29, 2007)
 * "Barbarus hic ego sum, qui non intelligor illis" or "Barbarus hic ego sum, quia non intelligor ulli" (Which quotation is correct?) : "Help with Latin quotation" (Sep 25, 2007)
 * "infandum regina iubes renovare dolorem" (translation) : "infandum regina iubes renovare dolorem" (Aug 19, 2007)
 * Intrum Justitia : "Latin translation of "Intrum Justitia"" (Sep 19, 2007)
 * "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet sed diam nonummy" (meaning) : "Translation" (Sep 5, 2007)
 * sua sponte : "What does this mean?" (Sep 27, 2007)
 * veni (conjugation) : "Latin conjugation: "veni"" (Aug 14, 2007)

Translations English>>Latin

 * "Cytherea, I summon you - send down your hand and bring us from this place" (translation) : "English-to-Latin Phrase" (Aug 9, 2007)
 * quote (as in "quotation", translation) : "Latin Word for Quote" (Sep 23, 2007)

Mi'kmaq language

 * kadi / cadie / akatiek (meaning and origin of "Arcadie") : "Mi'kmaq and Acadian French toponymy" (Sep 16, 2007)

Norwegian language

 * Bokmal and Nynorsk (spoken forms) : "Bokmal and Nynorsk (3)" (Aug 4, 2007)
 * Middle Norwegian : request for text samples : "Samples of Middle Norwegian" (Sep 23, 2007)

Polish words and phrases / requests for translation Polish>>English

 * Granówko (translation) : "Translation from Polish" (Aug 19, 2007)
 * powiat kościański (translation) : "Translation from Polish" (Aug 19, 2007)
 * ryńskich (meaning) : "Polish: ryńskich" (Aug 2, 2007)
 * "własność Rodryga hrabiego Dunina. - Majętność ta, dawniejsza siedziba Nieżychowskich, od roku 1898 znajduje się w rękach obecnego właściciela. - Dwór, wygodny i przestworny, zbudowany został w pierwszej połowie zeszłego wieku przez ówczesnego właściciela Nepomucena Nieżychowskiego." (translation) : "Translation from Polish" (Aug 19, 2007)

Translations English>>Polish

 * "May I go to the bathroom, Miss?" (translation) : "Polish Translations" (Aug 16, 2007)
 * "Where is the subway station?" (translation) : "Polish Translations" (Aug 16, 2007)
 * ''"You are the frosting on my cake" (translation, in the sense of "being very special") : "Polish Translations" (Aug 16, 2007)

Portuguese words and phrases / requests for translation Portuguese>>English

 * Buscapé (literal translation) : "Cidade de Deus" (Aug 21, 2007)

Translations English>>Portuguese

 * civil partnerships (translation) : "Portuguese" (Sep 9, 2007)

Russian words and phrases / requests for translation Russian>>English

 * Есть (phonetic similarity to English "yes")'' : "Yes instead of Da in a Russian movie" (Aug 2, 2007)
 * Полюшка Поле (translation and authorship of song) : "Russian Song" (Aug 31, 2007)
 * "Самолёт должен был приземлиться. Но для этого нужно было, чтобы кончился бензин. Если останется бензин, может быть взрыв. Поэтому самолёт долго летал над Ленинградом." (request for translation) : "Russian paragraph" (July 1, 2007)
 * фильм (spelling) : "Help with foreign language links" (Sep 6, 2007)

Translations English>>Russian

 * April Theses (translation) : "Russian" (Sep 28, 2007)

Sanskrit language

 * Policies on translating and interpreting Sanskrit verses on en.wikipedia : "Sanskrit" (Aug 23, 2007)

Serbo-Croatian language

 * "obrtni list" (language identification and translation of title and corresponding document) : "A document in Slovenian or maybe Croatian" (Sep 9, 2007)

Sign language

 * "How many sign languages exist?" : "how many sign languages exist? roughly?" (Aug 8, 2007)

Slovenian language

 * Diacritics : naming conventions in wikipedia articles and titles (e.g.: Egon Jakofcic's vs. Egon Jakofčić) : "Diacritics in Slovenian names" (Sep 24, 2007)

Spanish words and phrases / requests for translation Spanish>>English

 * ''abuuu..." (meaning) : "Spanish abuuu ;_;" (Sep 8, 2007)
 * apostilla (meaning, doing the paperwork) : "[edit] I need to know what "apostel" is regarding certification of a birth certificate." (Sep 7, 2007)
 * camarista vespertina (meaning) : "Camarista Vespertina" (Aug 11, 2007)
 * Est Pablo el Havana comesta gringo. : "Spanish (?) translation" (Sep 10, 2007)
 * ¿Has podido entrar a ...? (meaning) : "Spanish phrase" (Sep 6, 2007)
 * ¡Qué bárbaro!(translation) : "Spanish translations" (Aug 16, 2007)
 * ¡Tanto tiempo!(translation) : "Spanish translations" (Aug 16, 2007)
 * ¡Vamos!(translation) : "Spanish translations" (Aug 16, 2007)
 * ya (meaning and usage) : "Spanish "ya"" (Sep 6, 2007)

Spanish language: uncategorized

 * Spanish naming customs : "Spanish names" (Aug 20, 2007)
 * abundance of Spanish female names representing different titles of the Blessed Virgin Mary (e.g. Dolores, Concepción, Consuelo, Guadalupe) (connection to calendar of Saints, number, equivalents in other languages) : "aspects of Mary" (Sep 30, 2007)
 * How to type "ñ" : "how do u type this?" (Aug 26, 2007)

Swedish language

 * Swedish pidgins and creoles : "Swedish/Japanese pidgin or creoles" (Aug 29, 2007)

Vietnamese language

 * -ính (phonology in Hanoi dialect) : "Vietnamese phonology - Hanoi dialect" (Aug 10, 2007)

Unknown/unspecified languages

 * "D Harte Boi" (meaning and language) : "D HARTE BOI!" (Aug 30, 2007)
 * Who-Dray-Gah (phonetic transcription in search of a "Bohemian" word, its language and meaning) : "Go Like Who-Dray-Gah" (Aug 24, 2007)
 * Language identification of song lyrics based on a commercial clip : "Language identification (Russian or Latin?)" (Aug 31, 2007)

Foreign language resources

 * Bilingual dictionaries in general : "words in other languages" (Sep 6, 2007)
 * Online translators English >> Spanish: "Translating simple letters from english into spanish" (Aug 7, 2007)
 * Spoken online resources in French, Italian, and Portuguese featuring subtitles in the same language : "Listening foreign languages" (Aug 8, 2007)
 * Online translators English >> Latin : "English to Latin (1)" (Aug 26, 2007)
 * Online translators Esperanto >> English : "Automatic Esperanto to English translations?" (Aug 28, 2007)
 * Stabilizing automatic translations : "stabilization of automatic translation" (Sep 18, 2007)
 * Online dictionaries with audio files of pronunciation of words : "Audio pronunciation" (Sep 21, 2007)
 * Automatic translators English-Japanese showing the Japanese words transcribed in Latin letters and English phonology : "Are there translation sites where Japanese words are in English letter words instead of symbols?" (Sep 27, 2007)
 * online swap forum for proofreading Italian in exchange for German texts : "Some questions on learning Italian" (Sep 11, 2007)

=Writing systems and typography=

General

 * Are names for letters used in languages using the same alphabet or using different writing systems : "Names of letters in other languages" (July 1, 2007)

Aramaic alphabet

 * Lively (character for a tattooed "The Lively Lost One") : "Symbol for the word Lively in Aramic,Arabic, or Korean" (Sep 29, 2007)

Arabic script

 * Lively (character for a tattooed "The Lively Lost One") : "Symbol for the word Lively in Aramic,Arabic, or Korean" (Sep 29, 2007)

East Asian writing systems

 * Size of type cases for Hanzi, Kanji, and Hanja : "What did CJK type cases look like?" (Aug 7, 2007)
 * weird symbol looking "like the "no smoking" sign but without the cigarette" (not about East Asian writing systems at all, as it turns out, but the querent didn't know ...) : "Weird symbols in Japanese email addresses" (Aug 20, 2007)
 * Lively (character for a tattooed "The Lively Lost One" in Korean) : "Symbol for the word Lively in Aramic,Arabic, or Korean" (Sep 29, 2007)
 * Kanji characters in Japanese Wikipedia : "Japanese Wikipedia" (Sep 20, 2007)

Greek alphabet

 * "Form of leet that uses Greek letters to write English words" : "Greek letters for leet" (Aug 5, 2007)
 * "Ρυσσιαν ΡουλεΦτε" : "Greece letters" (Aug 3, 2007)
 * font or setting for typing the Greek alphabet with a U.S. keyboard : "Classical Greek font" (Sep 28, 2007)

Native American writing systems

 * Sioux writing system (for a tattoo) : "sioux alphabet" (Aug 21, 2007)

Tibetan script

 * Karma : |"Tibetan spelling of "karma"" (Sep 12, 2007)

Typography

 * Usage of quotation marks in Latin and non-Latin scripts : "Quotation marks" (Sep 18, 2007)

Online references

 * "Extensive overview of fonts/typefaces" : "Font overview" (Aug 21, 2007)

Unidentified script

 * Word meaning "yes" represented by what looks like a script capital "L" followed by what seems to be a Greek "alpha" (Identification of script and language) : "Alphabets" (Sep 9, 2007)

=Some flew over the cuckoo's nest=
 * Literary interpretation of Gemini by Michel Tournier : "Gemini by Michel Tournier" (Sep 2, 2007)
 * Harry Potter book - cover art and title in Canadian and Australian editions : "Harry Potter" (Sep 15, 2007)
 * average volume of an adult male human being : "Volume of a Human Being" (July 2, 2007)