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Az-Zahrawi was an Arab Muslim physician, surgeon and chemist who lived in Al-Andalus. He is considered as the greatest surgeon of the Middle Ages, and has been described as the father of surgery, he was born in 1st January 936, Medina Azahara.

He was specialized in curing diseases by cauterization. He invented several devices used during surgery, for purposes such as inspection of the interior of the urethra and also inspection, applying and removing foreign bodies from the throat, the ear and other body organs. He was also the first to illustrate the various cannulae and the first to treat a wart with an iron tube and caustic metal as a boring instrument. While az-Zahrawi never performed the surgical procedure of tracheotomy, he did treat a slave girl who had cut her own throat in a suicide attempt. Az-Zahrawi sewed up the wound and the girl recovered, thereby proving that an incision in the larynx could heal. He died in 1st January 1013, Córdoba, Spain.