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is a Kurdish philosopher and scholar. He was born in 1955, from the city of Kirkuk in Iraq. Kamal is known for his philosophical works on the meaning of existence. He is acknowledged to be one of the founding members of the Existentialist group and movement in Kurdistan. The group surfaced after Kamal`s two public lectures on Existentialism, organized by Kurdish Writers Union in Sulaymaniyah in 1977. Kamal Left Kurdistan in 1979 to Pakistan, where he finished his bachelor, master, and PhD degree in philosophy. After that, he travelled to Germany to study his post-PhD in Martin Heidegger’s philosophy. Later, he migrated to Australis in 1994. He obtained his Ph.D. in philosophy in 1988 and wrote his dissertation on Hegel`s logic. Under the influence of Martin Heidegger, Kamal advocates the idea that creativity is one of the ontological conditions for human existence, because the human being exist in the world without a fixed and pre-given essence. Muhammad Kamal



His main philosophical works in Kurdish include: The Philosophy of Hegel (2002), Being and Creativity (2004), Nietzsche and Postmodernism (2006), Heidegger and a Philosophical Revolt (2007). Kamal writes in English and he is the author of Hegel’s Metalogic (1989), Mulla Sadra’s Transcendent Philosophy (2006) and From Essence to Being: The Philosophies of Mulla Sadra and Martin Heidegger (2010). He has also translated a number of philosophical works of Plato and Aristotle into Kurdish. Currently, he is a senior lecturer at the University of Melbourne.