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Immigration to India refers to the movement of people into India from other countries for the purpose of residing and settling there. Throughout its history, India has received immigrants from various regions. In the modern era, immigration to India has been driven by a variety of factors, including economic opportunities, political instability, persecution in other countries, and family reunification. In 2017, India had around 5 million immigrants, mostly from other South Asian countries.

Following independence, the Citizenship Act of 1955 (Articles 5 to 11 of the Constitution of India) is the main legislation that regulates Indian nationality law. This act has undergone several amendments, including those made in 1986, 1992, 2003, 2005, 2015, and 2019. The most recent amendment in 2019 was criticized as being discriminatory against Muslims and a violation of the spirit of India's secular constitution by critics, and was met with opposition and protests in the country.

The issue of illegal immigration to India from Bangladesh has generated significant debate and controversy, and the government has taken steps to address the issue of illegal immigration, including implementing stricter border controls and policies aimed at detecting and deporting illegal immigrants. However, these efforts have faced significant challenges and have been criticized by some as being inhumane and ineffective.

History
Immigration to India has a long and varied history, with instances dating back to ancient times. The country has traditionally been a land of opportunity, attracting immigrants from various regions for a range of reasons. This includes attracting merchants and traders for its position as a hub of trade and commerce, as well as scholars and religious figures due to its diverse cultures and religions. India has also experienced waves of immigration due to political instability and persecution in other countries. The impact of immigration on India's history, economy, society, and culture has been significant.