User:Ss2437/Mucin-1

Characteristics of MUC-1
MUC-1 is a transmembrane protein expressed MUC-1 is consist of an extracellular domain comprised of 25-100 repeating amino acids. Each contains five sites for potential glycosylation

MUC1 is a transcriptional coactivator involved in the activity and stabilization of enzymes and transcription of metabolic functions. MUC-1 regulates tyrosine kinase signaling receptors, which promotes  biosynthetic intermediates used in cell growth.

Biochemical and structural characteristics of MUC-1 function in human cells as a lubricant, moisturizer and barrier.

Function: inhibition of immune response, resistance to stimuli, regulation of cell shedding. MUC-1 provides protection to the apical membrane to prevent rupture environmental and immune attack.

In the extracellular domain of MUC-1 the SEA domain help MUC-1 create physical barrier.

more about Muc-1

The N-Terminus of MUC-1 is composed of proline, serine and threonine domains. The C-Terminus of MUC-1 is short, the majority of weight contributing to N-glycosylation. Research has shown, the C-Terminus is linked to development of inflammation and cancer.

studied have shown muc-1 is regulated in the mammary glands and uterus via steroid hormones

O-glycosylation and N-glycosylation in MUC-1 contribute to the formation of mucin.

In cancer cells MUC-1 structure is changed

breast cancer: MUC-1 is shown to be over expressed in 90% of Triple Negative Breast Cancer(TNBC). MUC-1 C increases the progression of Triple Negative Breast Cancer. MUC-1 C chronically activates pro inflammatory pathways in cancer cells. Triple Negative Breast Cancer stem cells rely on MUC-1 C for epithelial-mesenchymal transition, chromatin remodeling and epigenetic programming, which allow the cancer cells to avoid DNA damage and immune evasion. MUC-1 allows Triple Negative Breast Cancer stem cells to engage in linear plasticity, a transition from one pathway into another, thus supporting the progression of TNBC.

colon cancer:

gastro cancer:

uterine cancer

bladder cancer:

Cancer therapies: MUC-1 has been shown to create drug resistance during cancer therapy due to it's over expression in epithelial cells.

MUC-1 N is currently used as a biomarker in cancer patients.

Chemo resistance: MUC-1 can create chemotherapy resistance by altering glycolytic metabolism