User:Stav2/sandbox

The ECC M-100 electronic computing machine (M-100 computer) was created in 1958 at the Computing Center No. 1 of the USSR Ministry of Defense (military unit 01168, now TsNII-27 of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation) under the guidance of the outstanding scientist Anatoly Ivanovich Kitov. The speed of the M-100 computer was 100 thousand operations per second - at that time it was the fastest tube computer in the world. The M-100 computer was intended for military calculations and, in particular, for processing information in the country's air defense system coming from all-round radars. The M-100 computer has forever remained the world's most powerful computer of the first generation (on vacuum tubes). The record speed of the M-100 computer was facilitated by the fact that a number of scientific and technical inventions were proposed during its development. In particular, the random access memory (RAM) was made for the first time on ferrite rings, independently developed by the Computing Center No. 1 of the USSR Ministry of Defense. The main thing in the computer "M-100" was the use of the principle of "four-stroke combination of the stages of the cycle of machine commands", developed under the scientific guidance of A.I. Kitov and for which he, together with three of his employees, received a state author's certificate on a special topic No. June 27, 1958 This principle, now known as "pipelining" or "computation parallelism", was created and implemented by the developers of the M-100 computer for the first time in the world. In addition, its amazing, for that time, performance was ensured through the use of a two-level computer RAM architecture developed under the guidance of A.I. Kitov - ultra-fast cache memory and random access memory (RAM) itself. In addition to the hardware implementation (Hardware), a huge complex of software (Software) for military purposes was created for this computer. The M-100 computer was developed as a research computer and, later, was transferred to the test site at the Kiev Higher Radio Engineering School (KVIRTU).

Machine Description Architecture - with separate instruction and operand memory (Harvard architecture) Command system - three-address Operand width - 16 bits Number Format - Fixed Point Command memory - ROM on ferrite cores Operand memory - on ferrite cores of two types (main and super-operational) Element base - electronic lamps