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FYODOR POTEKHIN- Russian/ South Kazakhstan Artist (1928-1996)

South Kazakhstan artist, member of the Union of Artists of the USSR Fyodor Potekhin (1928-1996). The family of Fyodor Potekhin are all artists - his wife, his children and grandchildren. Now it's an Kazakhstan Art dynasty.

In ancient Greece there is a say: name baby Fyodor ( which means " gift of God") and you don’t have to worry about him - he will achiev everything in life by himself. Fyodor Potekhin, one of the most famous artists of Kazakhstan was born February 6, 1928 in a small Russian village Bogorodsk near Orenburg. The gods bestowed upon the child of many talents, of which the main , as it turned out , there was an incredible sense of color. Studying biography Fedor Potekhina can make an unexpected conclusion - even the most terrible disasters on the scale of such a huge country like the Soviet Union were for his artistic career confluence of favorable circumstances.

It is thanks to Stalin's repressions in the Russian hinterland skidded Petersburg intellectual who first noticed capable boy. Unfortunately, we do not know the name of this man, we know only that he was a teacher and volunteer tutor of a village child , which saw the development of a future great artist and scholar. Soviet power kept under the control of villagers migration processes. No one would have a passport on hand because this would prevent a leakage of peasant hands to town. When he turnd 15 years old Fedor went to Turkestan to escape being kept hostage to village forever. It was the only city where he could go because his older sister lived there. In Turkestan he became a miner. But a man born to be a painter could not accept the underground labor. After working for some time on Achisayskom mine at age of 19 he went to Tashkent. He was easily accepted in to Benkov Art School. In those years this was a second big success for Fedor: because of the World War II best teachers were evacuated to Central Asia from metropolitan schools taught school in Tashkent wonderful teachers and the reason for that was the Second World War, because the best shots of the metropolitan schools were evacuated to Central Asia.

In 1947, the first year, a young man of medium height in a leather jacket , with a face kinogeroya. Girls went crazy because of it and did not shoot. Black hair, piercing eyes , regular features - it was more like a Spaniard or a Frenchman. By the way, all my life wanted to visit it in Spain, but never once went beyond the USSR.

The first courses of the school, the traditional student fun did not interest him , he finally found a favorite thing , and was obsessed with studying, learning from the best traditions of Repin , Archaeology , Serov. Teachers in it doted. Not often come across the ideal students and this was just such a - a talented workaholic who found his calling. He was always a perfectionist and just chose the profession, it was bound to be the best, despite the perpetual half-starved state in which however, in the early postwar years, remained the whole country. ( Sketch for course work " Kipchak " 1948 )

To earn a living painted signs for shops, painted christmas masks made of papier- mache. Senior students ' gifted money " (as he put it in his usual sarcastic manner) Bought Potekhin graduate students and coursework . In general, working only on the profile and even in the cotton harvest , which annually exported Tashkent students never parted with his sketchbook , frankly eluding from agricultural work.

Mausoleum number one

In 1947, the school came a few wildly village lad, and after five years of these walls with honors in the hands went confident master. One of the earliest preserved in the family's collection of works - " The Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yassavi ." This work was painted from life in the graduation year. That is exactly what this looked like a monument in 1952. In this picture, written in a scholarly manner and feel the spirit of antiquity and greatness of the shrine. And we may add that this is the first pictorial image of the Mausoleum in the history of Kazakhstan. Then there will be hundreds of pictures on this theme, but even the large canvases of other artists do not stand comparison with this small size picture. (" The Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yassavi " 1952 )

After college he entered the Tashkent Theatre and Art Institute named after Ostrovsky not represent any difficulty, but after a year of study Potehin disappointed in this high school and his teacher. The first two years he spent in TTHI not learned anything new and decided to quit this occupation, the more that started a family and had to earn an adult. The history of relations between these two very interesting and talented people worthy of an entire book. Even in college Fyodor ran into the next audience to watch as she writes. Darling was his senior by four years. But it did not scare him, but scared him that by the time she was a single mother , and in those times was very reprehensible. As time has shown, he made the right choice. The artist's widow, Eudoxia Kuzminichna now 84 and lives in it for the relative health of years , just do not already wrote his remarkable portraits. All her life she guarded him, protect and create conditions , defended its interests ...

Throwing Institute Potehin goes to teach in native art school. By this time, his masterly portrait charcoal 1956. He was able to convey not only the physical resemblance, in this portrait felt his inner temperament and energy that just breaks out. He is in love and love. Poor, but young and pretty damn happy. And how wonderful still lifes was written to please her, that beloved and unique , which can evaluate appreciated his gifts. Love and flowers, which he told her not withered away and circled, they remained in his paintings ... forever ... (" Golden Ball " in 1957 and " Still Life with Grapes " 1959 )

zigzags fate

In 1958 Potehin and several artists are invited to participate in Leninabad (now Khujand, Tajikistan ) to perform the myriad of state orders, mural size of 9 to 12 meters in the lobby only that rebuilt Drama. Always easy to lift and greedy to new experiences, he rides with pleasure. It not only works on the mural, he travels to the sketches and it is here for the first time shows its leadership and organizational skills. For two years in Leninabad, he infected his tireless local artists thirst creativity. Following him, all pulled in the open air and boil creative life. He has organized several exhibitions in the Leninabad, and then a large exhibition of local artists brought to Moscow , resulting in Leninabad appeared Art Fund as at once 8 artists were admitted into the Union of Soviet artists , including himself. (" Oriental Bazaar " 1960 )

When work on the mural was completed, Potehin returned to his family in Tashkent, where it was a surprise that the artist permanently knocked out of the rut. In Tashkent Art Fund, he was informed that he was expelled from the Union of Artists , as a traitor corporate interests ! Absurd ! He created the Art Fund, established his work , raised the creative spirit of artists to new heights and suddenly ... Leninabadskaya our colleagues have become so accustomed to the fact that they have a great leader that embraced his departure as a betrayal of the common cause. He was able to defend the interests of others, but not their own. Proceedings are not short, but in the end justice prevailed. Potekhina restored in the Soviet Union. However, left a bitter taste and a sense of tarnished reputation. And with regard to its reputation Theodore S. was extremely meticulous. At that time in Shymkent opened nearby art studios. There were already working artists who Potehin knew, and the whole family had decided to go to Shymkent , forget this unpleasant history and start anew.

AUTHORIZED TO MOSCOW

In 1962 he moved to South Potehin Kazakhstan and again took up the "old" - sketches, exhibitions, work orders and over again studies. By this time, his self-portrait in a cap - so he came to settle in new places. In the next year in Shymkent passes his first major solo exhibition. The book reviews the surprising diversity of opinion. Teachings poultry farm workers and vocational school students alternates with excitement colleagues and critics. The following year, the artist builds his own hands workshop, knowing that favors from the state can expect a very long time. And as the last romantic, he built his studio in the image of the French attic. Had forgotten that the glass ceiling in a dusty Shymkent, at least impractical. Later he twice rebuilt his studio. Potehin worked there 40 years and even 12 years after his departure, the aura of high creativity is still hovering there. ( "Self-portrait with a turban ", 1965 )

The family Fedor Potekhina where artists were and dad and mom and children, there was a harmonious system of values. First place in this scale stood creativity, which was welcome in any form. Creativity was sacred. 60s can be called the happiest in the artist's life. And in the family and at work and in the work of all went great. In Southern Kazakhstan, part fine art Potehin was the most authoritative person, unrivaled craftsmanship and incredible principle. He was Commissioner of the Union of Artists of the USSR, the person controlling the quality of painting. In addition, he was chairman of the Arts Council and the Chairman of the Audit Commission. It's amazing how he still have the energy and creativity. And it was the 60s were the most fruitful. Painting " Old Suzak ", " conversation ", " Shepherds " can now be called a cult. On the history of the last I want to say a few words.

It was written in 1969. Incredibly harsh winter wiped out millions of sheep, killing all wild animals and birds on the territory of several republics. It was also an economic and ecological disaster, which is still little is known. When the town heard rumors that Suzak saving flock, shepherds killed, took Potehin sketchbook and with lifeguards on the tractor traveled to the very epicenter of the unfolding disaster. Journalists were not allowed to go there, but he was an artist , and left us with a great scenic report from the scene , brilliantly depicting a real feat, which strongly suppressed the Soviet authorities. (" Shepherds " 1969 )

As well as in Tajikistan, he taught all Shymkent artists ride on sketches. And just as in Leninabad level Shymkent Art Foundation under his leadership began to grow, and not only in Almaty , but Moscow hit artists from a small provincial town. As a leader, Potehin strongly promoted those whom saw talent, and those whom he considered random people in the arts , could not rely on his recommendation. Buy Potekhina opinion was impossible, some liked it, some do not.

Of course, were dissatisfied number of amateurs who wanted to get into the coveted Union and thus to equate themselves to the masters who get their privileges and high salaries. One of these, and " dashed off a cart " in the KGB Potekhina and other leading artists of the Shymkent fund. What 's their there accused God knows, but as a result of this mess all eight people left Kazakhstan. Feoktistov Evseev and returned to Russia, Karkots left for Ukraine. Potehin will not want to leave. There was nothing to be afraid of him - he's very good at doing their job. Perhaps even too well. But then turned up the exchange of Yalta, as long dreamed of his wife , who has had health problems and Potehin his family moved to the Crimea.

CONSEQUENCES OF NOSTALGIA

To understand how life Potekhin in Yalta, suffice to say that the average monthly earnings of Fyodor Potekhina in Yalta for the first year amounted to 30 rubles ... His artists in Yalta were in abundance , and there came a member of the Union , which had to provide orders. Freshman first took a hostile reception. The soul of the artist was a chore and restless, because there are hundreds of chymkentskoy studio works. Not written and is not happening in this state. His nostalgia better than any words, is the fact that the time spent in Yalta , was the most neplodotvortnym. Beautiful nature of the Crimea was not inspired, because the soul remained in southern Kazakhstan. Children grew up to study at Yalta was nowhere, and all together back in his native Central Asia. Family split in half - Evdokia Kuzminichna with daughter ride in Tashkent, and Theodore S. with his son in Shymkent, in his studio, where he then not only worked, but lived for many years.

Upon returning something amazing happens. We look at the work of this period and did not believe my eyes, is it the artist ? How much sun as light suddenly appeared in his paintings. Potehin was reticent in life, but the picture can tell you about his state of mind all. Where are brown and black paint, where are the misty mood so characteristic of his previous work ? He finally returned home and saw the edge of your favorite fresh eyes. What a joy in this return and each new work does not even speak and sing about it. For new subjects and moods he invents new painting techniques (" Blue Bull" in 1977, "Butterflies" 1977 "Self Portrait" 1978 )

For several decades spent in southern Kazakhstan, Theodore S. with his sketchbook and a canvas umbrella came along and across it. He loved to travel. And, perhaps, there was not a landscape in southern Kazakhstan, which he had not written. His works can be seen Aksudzhabaglinskie mountains, mountain Kara- Tau, historical monuments Sairam , Arystan Bab landscapes Mashat , Suzak ... you name it. He was equally loved and steppe and mountains, spring and autumn.

In 1986 he painted " Red plane ." It's not just big, it's great epic, the new , him alone inherent painterly manner. As if from above, at a glance , it covered the entire South Kazakhstan. Potehin never spoke lofty words. To express his delight, he did not need words , it had paint. " Red plane " is a declaration of love, lovely collective image of the land, which he silently admired. For this work he was all his life. But if we talk about love, then sorting through all the works of Fyodor Sergeyevich becomes clear that in southern Kazakhstan was one special place for him. And before leaving for Yalta and after his return, a source of constant inspiration, some magnet was for him Baba Ata , one of the surprising and little-known monuments of the XIX century , which is located in Suzak district SKO. Nothing else he did not write so often and with such pleasure !

Mentally, having built all the creative work of the artist in chronological order, from the earliest to later, it is clear that technical problems for it never existed. Of the many techniques he just chose the one that, in his opinion , more suitable for his artistic vision. Throughout his life devoted Potehin painting without interruption nothing else, he polished his talent , opened its new facets experimented. Perhaps that is why he is so different, this Potehin. Among the pictures of Theodore S. can see the so -called devoted to his favorite artists - for example the famous " Geese ." This is a sign of his admiration for Van Gogh. This work can be safely placed next to the works of Van Gogh himself and she does not lose them anything.

Fyodor Potekhin was one of the first representatives of the European school of painting in South Kazakhstan. From early works miraculously preserved in a private collection the artist's family a few student works. Painting, while studying at the Tashkent Theatre and Art Institute. Ostrovsky and while teaching in the native Art College. Benkov were given away by the artist back in the mid 50 - ies of the last century.

First exhibited paintings : " The Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yassavi " ( 1952 ), written under the obvious influence Vereshchagin painting " Kipchak " , which already guessed that the young artist becomes intimately within strict academic school.

The whole life of Theodore S. was associated with Central Asia. Since at the age of 15 he left his native village Bogorodsk that near Orenburg, first in Turkestan, and then to Tashkent.

As a member of the Artists' Union, Fyodor Potekhin constantly received significant public contracts. But in his spare time and never parted with a brush.

He traveled around the edge, and of all the trips returned with landscapes painted from life. In these sketches no photographic accuracy, and yet, the scenery is recognizable by the fact that the artist was able to convey not only the state of nature , but also the spirit of the place itself.

And now we have the opportunity to see through the eyes of a remarkable painter and minarets of Bukhara and Samarkand antiquity, and, of course , historical monuments of southern Kazakhstan.

In South Kazakhstan region, perhaps, not a single piece of land , which would not have been with his sketchbook Theodore S..

Here in southern Kazakhstan, was a big part of the artist's life , and that he he devoted his most mature work. On the canvases of the artist reflected the diversity and multicolored steppes, mountains, nomadic life and life , picturesque landscapes of Asian cities and settlements. But perhaps the most beloved object of his work was Suzak.

For Fedor Potekhina this harsh land and its people have some extraordinary measure of spiritual values. His special relationship say such works as "The Old Suzak " where tumult of man and nature merge if in unison. " The cold winter of 1969" - the picture painted during a rescue mission. That year was just devastating frosts. Suzak shepherds had to fight alone against the elements, saving the flock sometimes with their lives. And when the city learned that Suzaksky shepherds freeze to death, Theodore S. , without a moment's hesitation , he went to Suzak with lifeguards.

All Potekhina creativity can be divided into two stages. Work 60 - 70s written in the manner of realism in a tense, dramatic style.

And, as a rule, very close to natural colors. They are a lot of sadness and a little sun, and if it is present, it only as a hostile force and killing its searing heat.

Quite different work began to emerge from the pen of master from the late 70s. In his paintings though kindled a new sun, and on the whole canvas resulted rainbow spectrum. Written in the style of Impressionism, they surprise with its freshness and brightness. Sun on them is not sultry and killing, but bearing life and warmth.

Best works Potekhina according to experts, are of this period. Of all the great paintings written in these years, we must first identify " red airplane ." The painting evokes a sense of wonder of space, a feeling that most viewers have grown wings, and can be seen from the top - right is the entire Southern Kazakhstan.

This collective image of Theodore S. created many years and put into it full force of his talent and skill.

Viewers are always interested to see the process of creation, so the exhibition will feature sketches and sketches for some paintings. However, many studies themselves are self-contained works.

Sometime in the personal studio of the artist hung a small, personally made it a banner with the words of Francois Rabelais "Knowledge without conscience is the collapse of the soul." Throughout its long and difficult path of life, Fedor Potehin tried not to turn off the road , illuminated by his conscience - the conscience of the Artist and the Man.

The exhibition includes works from the family collection of Fedor Potekhina. Naturally, this is only a small part of what was written by the artist for more than 40 years of creative work.

Потехин Ф. Потехин Федор Сергеевич (1928 - 1996) Известный казахстанский живописец. Первый импрессионист и один из первых представителей европейской школы живописи в Южном Казахстане. Член Союза художников СССР (1958). Родился в большой крестьянской семье в деревне Богородск Шарлыкского района Оренбургской области. В 1943 переехал в Туркестан. Здесь поступил в ремесленное училище. В 1947 поступил в РХУ им. Бенькова. Работал преподавателем в художественном училище (1959 - 1960). После окончания училища работал в Узбекистане и Таджикистане, а в 1962 году переехал в Чимкент. Работал преподавателем в художественном училище (1959 - 1960). Вся жизнь Федора Сергеевича была связана со Средней Азией. Он много путешествовал и, где бы он ни бывал, из всех поездок привозил пейзажи, написанные с натуры. В этих работах нет фотографической точности, но пейзажи абсолютно узнаваемы, благодаря тому, что художник умел передать не только состояние природы, но и дух самого места. Это минареты Бухары и древности Самарканда и, разумеется, памятники Южного Казахстана. Большая часть жизни художника прошла в Южном Казахстане. Югу страны художник посвятил самые зрелые свои произведения. Изучая творческое наследие, кажется, что в ЮКО не осталось ни одного кусочка земли, где бы ни побывал Федор Потехин со своим этюдником. Но, пожалуй, самым любимым объектом его творчества были окрестности мавзолея Баба-Ата. Произведения Потехина находятся во многих музеях и частных коллекциях Казахстана и СНГ.''' FYODOR POTEKHIN- Russian/ South Kazakhstan Artist (1928-1996)