User:Suby1234/Kenzi language

Kenuzi is classified as a Nubian language. It is mostly spoken by the Kenuzi tribe in Egypt (Fernea, 1966). Most of the Kenuzi speaking people live in the city of Kom Ombo in the Aswan Governorate of Egypt. However, Kenuzi is also spoken in some parts of Arica like Libya and Sudan (Spaulding, 2006). Kenzi has many other names it goes by, which are Kenuz, Kunuzi, Kenzi, Nubian (Kunuz), and Kenzy. The Kenuzi language was very prevalent before the 15th century (Kirwan, 1974). The people who spoke Kenuzi were mostly of Christianic faith until Islam spread around the 15th century (Fahim, 1973). When Islam spread, so did the Arabic language which resulted in the use of Kenuzi decreasing. Kenuzi is now a threatened language that has about 50,000 native speakers worldwide. Kenuzi is very similar to the Nubian dialect called Dongolawi (Rouchdy, 2017). The language’s main form of writing is Meriotic which is made up of twenty-three characters and includes the world’s first written punctuation marks (Abdel-Hafiz, 1989).

Geography
The Kenuzi tribe is a part of the seven non-Arab Muslim tribes that make up the Nubians. Their place of stay was between Aswan in Egypt and Dongola in Sudan. (Gilmore, C, 2015) The Nubians inhabited a large area which caused there to be multiple languages that formed together with Kenuzi, one of them being Dongolawi. These are all considered Nubian speakers, which are the most prominent people in Egypt outside of Arabic speakers.(Gilmore, C, 2015) The Kenuzi people were forced to migrate multiple times because of flooding problems, so most of them ended up becoming bilingual in their efforts to find jobs. As of modern times Kenuzi is still spoken in small areas in Northern Egypt and along the banks of the Nile in Sudan.(Gilmore, C, 2015)

Culture
The people of the Kenuzi tribe have a long list of obstacles they had to overcome. They were know for their agricultural work and manual labor. In some cases the whole family would be a part of the job and everyone would contribute in some way. After Egypt built the low dam, the Kenuzi people had to move and find other jobs because agriculture was not an option anymore. In typical Kenuzi households the man goes and works to provide for the family. While the women usually is homemaker and spends time with the kids. The women are known to be great at sewing and clothe-making because they often made their own clothes. In Kenuzi culture there is great respect for the man in the family. if the man was not present no extravagant meals would be cooked, for example meats would not be made because it would be considered disrespectful if they ate without him. (Enderlin, S, 2007) The Kenuzi tribe falls under the broader term Nubian, and Nubians were known for being very welcoming of guests in their home. Nubians were known for offering more than what they had so the guest could feel appreciated. The Kenuzi people are darker then Egyptians so they are looked down upon, but that does not stop them from being proud of who they are. The Kenuzi's have been know to hold onto their culture and language because they respect their ancestors and where they came from. Due to their culture, even though the number of speakers has dwindled, it has not disappeared totally.

Religion
The Kenuzi tribe have a long history with religion. The tribe practiced Christianity up until the 6th century. At the time Islam was spreading quickly, so the tribe ending up converting and practicing Islam. In modern times most of the people who speak Kenuzi are muslim, almost 93%. The other 7% have a couple of different belief systems that include Christianity, Nile worshippers, and Shias. (Project, J)

Phonology
Nubian Languages have been around for dozens of centuries. The Nubians writing system is composed of 23 letters and even includes punctuation marks. (Abdel-Hafiz, A. S., 1998) There form of writing did change slightly at certain times of history depending on religion. The Kenuzi language specifically is different from the other Nubian languages because it does not emphasize tone. Depending on the Kenuzi tribe, certain letters could be pronounced differently and even different nasal impressions would be added to words. Vowels are a big part of the Kenuzi language, there are a total of five long vowels and five short vowels. Their stress system on vowels is also very different compared to other Nubian languages. In any one syllable word the stress is on the first syllable, in anything above one syllable the stress falls on the penultimate.(Abdel-Hafiz, A. S., 1998).

Morphology
Kenuzi is a language that uses a lot of a suffixes, suffixes are used with every word class. Prefixes are used only when the word is a verb. Kenuzi has the same word classes as english, which are nouns, adjectives, verbs, and pronouns. On thing to note, Pronouns take the suffix -gu unlike any of the other word classes. (Jakobi, A, 2014).