User:Sum mer

Abstract
Salmonella is any of several rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic bacteria of the genus Salmonella, as S. typhosa, that may enter the digestive tract of humans and other mammals in contaminated food and cause abdominal pains and violent diarrhea.

Biology and Biochemistry
The most common form of Salmonella is is a self-limited, uncomplicated gastroenteritis. It is a Gram-negative, straight rod shaped bacteria, and are characterized by O, H, and Vi antigens. There are over 1800 known species of Slamonella. Salmonella ingesting in food survive the gastric acid of the stomach, and infect the small and large intestines producing toxins.

Role in nature
Salmonella is a very important pathogen. It can be found in many cold and warm blooded animals all over the world. In Germany it is actually one of the most common infectious diseases. Many reptiles and turtles carry Salmonella in their digestive track. Salmonella does not make reptiles or amphibians sick but contact with their feces or things that have touched their feces it is the most common way people get Salmonella. Salmonella is so common in humans that it is the most common re-portable disease. "Typing by means of special phages and molecular-biological methods and the determination of resistances to antibiotics play an important role in the elucidation of epidemiological questions."

History
Salmonella was discovered in 1879 by a student and doctor of Rudolf Virchow named Karl Joseph Eberth. He found the bacillus in lymph nodes and spleen. He published his observations in 1880 and 1881 which were confirm English and German bacteriologists, including Robert Koch. It was named after Daniel Elmer Salmon, a veterinary pathologist who discovered the disease in hogs that died from the disease known as hog cholera.