User:Summerbales/sandbox

The Dublin regulation determines the EU member state responsible to examine an asylum application to prevent asylum applicants in the EU from "asylum shopping", where applicants send their applications for asylum to numerous EU member states to get the best "deal," instead of just having "safety countries", or "asylum orbiting", where no member state takes responsibility for an asylum seeker. By default (when no family reasons or humanitarian grounds are present), the first member state that an asylum seeker entered and in which they have been fingerprinted is responsible. If the asylum seeker then moves to another member state, they can be transferred back to the member state they first entered. This has led many to criticise the Dublin rules for placing too much responsibility for asylum seekers on member states on the EU's external borders (like Italy, Greece and Hungary), instead of devising a burden-sharing system among EU states. copied from [European migrant crisis]

In June 2016, the Commission to the European Parliament and Council addressed “inherent weaknesses” in the Common European Asylum System and proposed reforms for the Dublin Regulation. Under the initial Dublin Regulation, responsibility was concentrated on border states that received a large influx of asylum seekers. A briefing by the European Parliament explained that the Dublin Agreement was only designed to assign responsibility, not effectively share responsibility. The reforms would attempt to create a burden sharing system through several mechanisms. The proposal would introduce a “centralized automated system" to record the number of asylum applications across the EU, with “national interfaces” within each of the Member States . It would also present a “reference key” based on a Member State’s GDP and population size to determine its absorption capacity . When absorption capacity in a Member State exceeds 150% of its reference share, a “fairness mechanism” would distribute the excess number of asylum seekers across less congested Member States . If a Member State chooses not to accept the asylum seekers, it would contribute $250,000 per application as a  “solidarity contribution” . The reforms have been discussed in European Parliament since its proposal in 2016, and was included in a meeting on “The Third Reform of the Common European Asylum System - Up for the Challenge” in 2017.