User:Susie Lee GT/sandbox

Some philosophers, such as Jeremy Bentham, Baruch Spinoza, and Descartes, have hypothesized that the sensations of pain and pleasure are part of a continuum.

There is strong evidence for biological connections between the neurochemical pathways used for the perception of pain and those involved in the perception of pleasure and other psychological rewards.

Sensory input systems
- Nociceptors, anterolateral and spinothalamic tract system

Neural coding
- Cortical regions

Perception of pleasure
- Definition- pleasure v.s. alleviation of pain

Sensory input systems
- Taste, olfaction, auditory (musical), visual (art), sexual

Neural coding
- Nucleus accumbens, VTA, amygdala, other cortical and subcortical regions

Common neuroanatomy
- amygdala, pallidum, nucleus accumbens

Asymmetry between pain and pleasure
- Dr. Kringelbach's quote (Dr.Morten L. Kringelbach, personal communication, October 24, 2011)

Evolutionary hypotheses
- Leknes and Tracey's view

- Dr. Kringelbach's quote (Dr.Morten L. Kringelbach, personal communication, October 24, 2011)

Opponent process theory
Leknes and Tracey's explanation of this theory

Deep brain stimulation
- Dr. Kringelbach's quote (Dr.Morten L. Kringelbach, personal communication, October 24, 2011)