User:Swiveler/Tooting, Merton and Wimbledon Railway

The Tooting, Merton and Wimbledon Railway (TM&WR) was an early railway company jointly operated by the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) and the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LBSCR) in Surrey (now south-west London).

Route
The TM&WR comprised two lines:
 * the Wimbledon branch from the Portsmouth Line at Streatham (Streatham South Junction) to the LSWR at Wimbledon. It had stations at Tooting Junction and Haydens Lane;
 * the Merton branch from Tooting Junction to the LB&SCR Wimbledon and Croydon Railway (WCR) at Lower Merton. with one intermediate station at Merton Abbey.

At Wimbledon the TM&WR shared the WCR's island platform (now platforms 9 and 10) adjacent to the South Western Main Line platforms. Tooting Junction station was sited across the divergence of the Wimbledon and Merton branches, with a pair of platform faces for each. On opening Lower Merton station had platforms only on the Tooting line, but in 1870 a platform for the Croydon line was added, and it was renamed Merton Park. In 1889 Haydens Lane station was renamed Haydons Road.

It was double track throughout, including the doubling of the WCR from Merton Park to Wimbledon, which had previously been single.

History
The Wandle Valley had long established industries that prompted the building of the Surrey Iron Railway, later developed into the Wimbledon and Croydon Railway (WCR). The Merton Abbey copper mill and supporting trades were close to that corridor but not directly served by the WCR.

In the 1860's the LBSCR was expanding its South London suburban network, and proposed the TM&WR to link their Peckham Rye to Sutton route with the LSWR, and attract goods traffic from the Merton Abbey industries. It was established as an independent company by Act of Parliament in 1864, but vested jointly in the LSWR and LBSCR a year later. It opened on 1 Oct 1868, concurrently with the Peckham Rye-Sutton line. Initial LBSCR services ran from London Bridge both ways round the loop. After a year the LSWR began a service from Kingston to Ludgate Hill (near Blackfriars) via Tooting, beginning a long association between the Wimbledon branch and the LCDR City line.

In 1894 Tooting Junction was relocated to the other side of Mitcham Road, with two platform faces for all services, although the original station building remained in use until the 1980s. By the early 20th century the LBSCR was running services from Wimbledon to London Bridge via both sides of the loop, and from Tooting to Victoria via the LSWR mainline from Wimbledon to Clapham Junction.

Interwar period
After The Great War the TM&WR and connected LBSCR & LSWR lines were merged into the Southern Railway. The rapid expansion of electric trams in South London diverted passenger traffic away from these small suburban lines. LCC Tram No's 2, 4, 10 and 30 paralleled various sections of the TM&WR and WCR, and running on the streets they were more useful for local travel. In 1926 the City & South London Railway extended their underground line to Morden, with stations at Colliers Wood and South Wimbledon, close to Merton Abbey and Merton Park stations respectively. The C&SLR provided a direct service to the City and West End, with stations more conveniently placed for commuters.

The TM&WR and WCR system was left with passengers connecting to the mainlines, and goods traffic from Merton Abbey and Waddon Marsh. The Merton Abbey branch was closed to passenger traffic in 1929. As new works opened in the Merton Abbey area freight continued to be profitable, with coal inward and finished products out; private sidings were added to the branch to handle the traffic.

Decline
In 1934 the Merton Abbey branch was singled, the connection at Tooting was broken and the goods service operated via Merton Park only. After the Second World War several of the factories closed. The steady rise of road transport eroded what was left of the goods traffic. The nationalised railway could not support such an underused line, and the branch was closed completely and lifted in 1975.

The remaining Wimbledon branch kept it's passenger service from Holborn Viaduct via Herne Hill and Tulse Hill, continuing the LBSCR practice. From 1930 it ran through to the Wimbledon and Sutton Railway (WSR) and thence to West Croydon. That service was not an outstanding success, and later the WSR service was diverted at Sutton to return to Streatham via Mitcham Junction, forming the Sutton Loop Line still operating today.

From the 1960s service frequencies were scaled back; by the 1980s the weekday off-peak service was 2tph each way, 1tph on Saturdays, and no Sunday service.

Redeployment
In the late 1980's the Sutton Loop was taken over by Thameslink. The unexpected popularity of this new cross-London service led to weekend services being restored and new longer trains being provided. This remains the principal service on the Wimbledon branch, with some Southern services added during weekday rush-hours.

In the 1990's the Merton Abbey industrial area was re-developed as a retail park. Part of the Merton Park - Merton Abbey - Tooting Junction trackbed became Merantun Way, diverting the A24 trunk road to bypass Merton High Street. The site of Merton Abbey station is now occupied by a roundabout midway along Merantun Way.

In 1997 the WCR was converted to a grade-separated tram line (the Croydon Tramlink), and the site of Merton Park station is now occupied by a tram stop (of the same name).