User:Syedasdaq/Sayyid Hashmat Ali Khairullahpuri

Life
Allama Sayyid Hashmat Ali Shirazi Khairullahpur was born in 1858 (1275 AH). His father's name was Haji Sayyid Jama'at Ali. His family's elder was Sayyid Saeed Nawruz Shirazi (buried in Uchi Rasulpur Sayyidan) moved to India to militarily aid the Shah of Iran Shah Tahmasp in helping the Mughal Emperor Humayun. Humayun alloted him five villages of agricultaral land near Sialkot of which Alipur Sayyidan and Khairullahpur Sayyidan are famous. His family tree reaches Muhammad Mamun Dibaj the son of Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq after a few generations.

Education
Sayyid Hashmat Ali gained his initial education in Arabic and Persian in his own region from the seminary of Molvi Abd al-Rashid Hanafi. Later, he completed his religious education in the seminary of Ayatollah Abu al-Qasim Lahori in Shian Lahore. After completing his Dars-e-Nizami in the Oriental College of Lahore he went to the city of Lucknow to complete his religious education. In order to gain his degree from Hanafi scholars he went to the seminary of Deoband to gain knowledge from the scholars of Deoband.

The thirst for knowledge took him to Iraq, Iran and Turky where he gained knowledge from the great scholars of the Shias. One of these was the great scholar of Samarra Sayyid Muhammad Hasan Shirazi. And in Najaf and Karbala he benefited from great scholars such as Sayyid Muhammad Qazwini (d. 1306 AH), Shaykh Muhammad Hasan Mamaqani (d. 1323 AH), Sayyid Muhammad Kazim Akhund, author of al-Kifayah (d. 1329 AH) and Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Shahristani. In total, he spent 13 years in Iraq and Iran and 1 year in Constantinople in Turkey seeking knowledge and gained the license for ijtihad and the rank of marji'iyya. He also helped in the foundation of the Aligarh university.

Academic stature
Allama Hashmat Ali was at the level of a mujtahid and was an expert at the science of Islamic jurisprudence, principles and the rational sciences as well as philosophy. Abd al-Majid Salik mentions in the biogrphy of Allama Iqbal called "Tazkirah-e-Iqbal" that after Allama Shaykh Abd al-A'la Harawi, Allama Iqbal benefitted in theological and philosophical issues (the issue of time and space and the issue of Imamate etc.) from Allama Hashmat Ali and he mentions that he was well-versed in philosophy and he had written a book on time and space.

Allama Shaykh Muhammad Husayn Najafi has mentioned in the preface of his book Ahsan al-Fawa'id Fi Sharh al-Aqa'id the names of 100 high ranking scholars of the Shia Imamiyyah and writes about Sayyid Hashmat Ali that "he was a religious scholar or high stature, a preserver of the divine law. The list of his religious services in Punjab and immense. He wrote multiple works on Islamic scholastic theology of which the treatise Mi'rajiyya, on proving the bodily ascention of the Prophet and Ghayat al-Maram, on the necessity of the Imam are especially worth mentioning.

Students
Molana Hasmat Ali Khairullahpuri's students who are mentioned in the books are as such:

Allama Muhammad Iqbal

Molvi Sayyid Ali Shah

Demise
He passed away between the nights of the 1st and 2nd of January in 1935 (25 Ramadan 1354 AH) and is buried in the Hussainiya in Khairullahpur.

Works
Most of the works he authored are not preserved. However, four treatises of his on theological and philosophical issues have been published:

1. Mi'rajiyya, on proving the bodily ascention of the Prophet (Urdu)

2. Ghayat al-Maram, on the necessity of the Imam (Urdu)

3. Manjah al-Sudur al-Aminah, regarding the hadith of the clay. This has been translated into English by Syed Ali Asdaq Naqvi.

4. 'Arshiyya, on the invalidity of reincarnation.