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Technological utopianism []

Original Version
Technological utopianism (often called techno-utopianism or technoutopianism) is any ideology based on the premise that advances in science and technology could and should bring about a utopia, or at least help to fulfill one or another utopian ideal.

A techno-utopia is therefore an ideal society, in which laws, government, and social conditions are solely operating for the benefit and well-being of all its citizens...

Edited Version
Technological utopianism (often called techno-utopianism or technoutopianism) is an ideology that is centered around the belief of utilising advances in science and technology to bring about utopian ideals, in which laws, government, and social conditions are solely operating for the benefit and well-being of all its citizens.

= Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Modern Australian Society [SHORTEN TITLE: Artificial Intelligence in Australia. ] = Artificial intelligence (AI), referring to intelligence displayed by machinery, is heavily prevalent in the current Australian society due to its application in virtually every industry and its frequent appearance in citizens’ everyday lives [NEED CITATION AND MORE SPECIFIC THAN 'VIRTUALLY'] Specialised artificial intelligence, '''such as finance systems and virtual assistants, are more established in Australian society due to their mundane interactions with the community. Artificial intelligence has developed over time to accommodate the expanding preferences of Australian inhabitants. It has become well established in the economical, educational, health, media, and service fields.'''

'''Currently, Australia is acting as a leading country in AI development, showing support towards its growth and expansion. Pushes towards increasing AI within the education industry is a prominent focus of Australia’s artificial intelligence advancements. However, many citizens have shown growing concern towards the possible endangerment of privacy, job loss, and the global economic situation'''. There are multiple reports estimating as loss of more than 4 million jobs by the year 2030 due to the impact of specialised AI. Security experts have assessed current AI as a relatively easy target for hackers to weaponize and use to withdraw personal data. Australia is currently funding and researching several artificial intelligence projects in hopes of aiding the Australian society and economy.

Economy
While AI is supported in the Australian community, there are many concerns about the loss of job opportunities. Several reports analyses a loss of 20 million jobs in manufacturing by the year 2030. Another report shows that by 2030, there would be a loss of 2.2 trillion job opportunities through multiple industries .[NEED TO BRING THESE CONFLICTING FIGURES AND REPORTS TOGETHER INTO ONE STATEMENT/PARAGRAPH ABOUT THE VARIATION IN ESTIMATES OF JOB LOSSES]

Other studies show incorporation of artificial intelligence will increase job opportunities within that market. Reports illustrated a rise of 4 million jobs in Australia in the year 2004 alone, and that figure is expected to increase by 2.4% annually until 2022. Many Australian citizens have expressed a positive outlook on the productivity and efficiency of artificial intelligence in the Australian economy [NEED EVIDENCE/CITATION.

Education
As artificial intelligence becomes further incorporated into society, schools have begun to use it for tutoring scenarios, basic teachings, and interactive education. AI possesses the ability to adapt to each child’s needs and provide personalised learning, a sharp comparison to the systemic education conducted in many schools. Australian schools have already begun implementing AI to help support both teachers and students in the classroom.

However, many ethical concerns have been raised about the utilisation of AI in an educational setting. Privacy and the accessibility of students’ information are put at risk as it becomes uploaded into artificial intelligence. Another concern is the lack of advancement in the algorithms within narrower AI. AI systems may be limited in their resources to support students, creating a gap between specialised tutor support and artificial intelligence support. The increase of screen time for younger children which is necessary for AI incorporation into the classroom has become a worry for Australian parents.

Health
Various types of AI applications can be found in the healthcare industry in Australia. While they mainly act in administrative tasks, AI can also be found conducting diagnoses and recommending treatment plans. Australians have begun using AI dieting coaches such as OnTrack or the Apple health app as a method of reducing medical costs. Other apps, such as CloudUPDRS which provides assessments of Parkinson's disease symptoms, makes testing and results accessible for patients straight from their homes. Australia is well on its way to establishing a market for interdependent AI medical assistance and advice as an increased amount of the population begins to incorporate both wellbeing and artificial intelligence into their lives.

'''Like most aspects of AI, a major concern impacting the AI health market is the endangerment of private health information. Data manipulations and extraction from private devices and apps has created unease among users. This is an especially worrying factor for the Australian public as medical data tends to be sensitive information[NEED EVIDENCE AND CITATION.'''

Media
'''AI has a heavy influence on what is presented to the Australian community through media. It mainly relies on data gathered through past experiences such as rating levels and popular trends in order to present specific content to the individual.''' It can be observed on social media platforms such as Instagram and Facebook which recommend location-specific advertainments as a method of appealing to Australian society. It can also be viewed in the News industry. For example, ABC news utilises AI to judge rating levels of different contents and produces programs based on those results.

Australian government services
Artificial intelligence is already heavily integrated into the call and information administration systems of many government businesses. Services such as Centrelink and Medicare are looking into utilising AI to extract writing from documents to decrease time-consuming activities such as data entry and reduced the possible chance of human error.

AI is already being used in the call centres of Australian services in order to deal with high call volumes and reduce call times. Artificial intelligence at these call centres is specialised to reroute customers to the correct sectors, responding to common queries, and collect call data.

Retail Services
Another application of specialised artificial intelligence is implementing the ability to discern between products at retail stores. Popular Australian retail businesses such as Woolworths and Coles have already become incorporating AI into their self-checkout machines in order to make the process more efficient and less time-consuming. It aids in reducing possible theft, both accidental and intentional, which have become an increasingly common occurrence as self-checkout machines continue to multiply.

Criticisms
The application of AI in Australia has been widely discussed by the public as both advantageous and disadvantageous. Loss of jobs in retail and other services is the main concern as artificial intelligence becomes more prominent as technology advances. Another concern has to do around endangered privacy as the data is shifted to the newer and more unstable platform of artificial intelligence. Reserach has already been conducted, showing how hackers are able to weaponise AI in order to steal personal data and access public files. Worry of possible changes in economic growth between countries stuns the support and development of further advanced manufacturing AI.

Main Concerns

 * Privacy
 * Data extraction
 * AI terrorism
 * Advancements in hacking
 * Loss of job opportunities
 * The decrease in human experience
 * Shifts in the global economy
 * Power shifts of countries

Future of AI in Australia
Australia has continued to contribute to AI development through both research and funding. An example of this can be seen through the federal government’s donation of $29.9 million towards artificial intelligence research and development. Australia is currently working on advancing existing AI technology by enhancing their learning capabilities. There is also a push to increase the application of artificial intelligence in the education industry as the Australian society believes AI will become a norm in the future.