User:TFOWR/Sandbox/Oman and Gwadar

Original
In 1783, Oman’s Saiad Sultan took refuge in Balochistan from where he went and sought asylum from Khan of Kalat Mir Nasir Khan Noori of Balochistan, who doled him Gwadar out for sustenance until he usurped the Sultanate of Muscat in 1797 from his brother Saiad Said. From 1863 to 1879 Gwadar was the headquarters of a British Assistant Political Agent. Gwadar was a fortnightly port of call for the British India Steamship Navigation Company’s steamers and contained a combined Post & Telegraph Office. Sultan was the sovereign of Gwadar until 1955 when negotiations were held during the period of Ghulam Mohammad. A British adjudicator with Ch. Mohammad Ali representing Pakistani side (as Pakistan had now been created out of India), decided that Pakistan shall pay Rs. 55 crore, which were paid. Sultan Qaboos wanted that the same amount be returned to Pakistan for getting Gwadar back. The Agreement had two important clauses: (1) All Balochistan would form cachment for Omani forces. Resultantly, Balochees constituted a major part of Omani forces, and (2) Resources of Gwadar would be further developed.

In 1955, Makran acceded to Pakistan and was made a district - Gwadar then, was not included in Makran. In 1958, Gwadar and its surrounding areas were reverted by Maskat to Pakistan. It was given the status of a Tahsil of Makran district. On July 1, 1977, Makran District was upgraded into a division and was divided into three districts of Turbat (now Kech since 1994-95), Panjgur and Gwadar.

Gwadar became part of the sultanate of Muscat and Oman in 1797, and it was not until 1958 that the town and adjoining hinterland were given up by Oman to Pakistan.

Annotated
In 1783, Oman’s Saiad Sultan Sultan bin Ahmad? took refuge in Balochistan from where he went and sought asylum from Khan of Kalat Mir Nasir Khan Noori of Balochistan, who doled him Gwadar out for sustenance until he usurped the Sultanate of Muscat in 1797 from his brother Saiad Said Said bin Ahmad? . From 1863 to 1879 Gwadar was the headquarters of a British Assistant Political Agent. Gwadar was a fortnightly port of call for the British India Steamship Navigation Company’s steamers and contained a combined Post & Telegraph Office. Main article: Gwadar, otherwise ignore Gwadar history? [The] Sultan [of Muscat] was the sovereign of Gwadar until 1955 when negotiations were held during the period of Ghulam Mohammad. NB. Sultan of Muscat at this point: Sultan of Oman not created until >1970, i.e. after Gwadar given up by Oman. Ghulam Mohammad is a DAB page, not yet sure which one we're talking about... A British adjudicator with Ch. Mohammad Ali representing Pakistani side (as Pakistan had now been created out of India), decided that Pakistan shall pay Rs. 55 crore, which were paid. Sultan Qaboos wanted that the same amount be returned to Pakistan for getting Gwadar back. Qaboos? He didn't assume power until 1970... The Agreement had two important clauses: (1) All Balochistan would form cachment for Omani forces. As far as I know, this is correct. Resultantly, Balochees constituted a major part of Omani forces As far as I know, this is correct. , and (2) Resources of Gwadar would be further developed. This should be easily cited. China is involved with the port at Gwadar, is that related to Oman?

In 1955, Makran acceded to Pakistan and was made a district - Gwadar then, was not included in Makran.In 1958, Gwadar and its surrounding areas were reverted by Maskat to Pakistan. It was given the status of a Tahsil of Makran district. Not relevant to Oman, covered in Gwadar article On July 1, 1977, Makran District was upgraded into a division and was divided into three districts of Turbat (now Kech since 1994-95), Panjgur and Gwadar. Not relevant to Oman, covered in Gwadar article

Gwadar became part of the sultanate of Muscat and Oman in 1797, and it was not until 1958 that the town and adjoining hinterland were given up by Oman to Pakistan. Contradicts 1955/Makran claim

Stab at an (uncited) starting skeleton for rewrite - needs much more work, but might do for structure
Begoon talk


 * In 1783, Oman's Saiad Sultan, defeated ruler of Muscat, was granted sovereignty over Gwadar. He was to continue this sovereignty via an appointed wali (or "governor"), after regaining control of Muscat.
 * In 1783, Oman's Saiad Sultan, defeated ruler of Muscat, was granted sovereignty over Gwadar. He was to continue this sovereignty via an appointed wali (or "governor"), after regaining control of Muscat.


 * The Sultans of Muscat retained sovereignty over Gwadar until the 1950s. In 1955 Makran acceded to Pakistan and was made a district - although Gwadar, at the time, was not included in Makran.
 * In 1958, Gwadar and its surrounding areas were returned by Muscat to Pakistan, and were given the status of Tahsil of Makran district.


 * on the basis of our "consensus of 2", I'm putting this in the article. Bold, and all that...  Begoon talk  13:37, 27 July 2010 (UTC)
 * and, now ✅  Begoon talk

Background

 * Al Said Dynasty (1749 onwards
 * Ahmad ibn Said Al Said (Abu Hilal Ahmad bin Said) (d. 1783), elected Imam 1784, also elected sultan of Muscat. Appears to have remained sultan, but not imam. Unclear so far what his sons were called.
 * One son was Said bin Ahmad ("Last direct male descendant of Al Bu Said to hold the office of Imam. He abdicated secular power to his son Hamid [Hamad bin Said?]")

Gwadar

 * X succeeded to/became "masnad" of Muscat and Oman in 1783. (X: Saiad Said, Taimur Sultan, Sultan bin Ahmad, Said bin Ahmad)
 * X fell out with Y (brother of X).
 * Y fled to Makran, corresponded with Nasir Khan of Kalat. (Y: Saiad Sultan, ...)
 * Y granted Kalat share of Gwadar's revenues.
 * Y lived in Gwadar until 1797 (became Sultan of Muscat and Oman, usurper, usurped his brother???)
 * Y died in 1804, heir still a minor.
 * Buledai chief of Sarbaz gained temporary possession of Gwadar until a force sent from Muscat regained it
 * Gwadar ruled by wali appointed by Sultan.
 * Gwadar remained part of Oman/Muscat and Oman until 1958.
 * Issue: was X granted Gwadar only until they reclaimed Muscat/Oman? (Not an issue for the article, more an issue for Oman/Pakistan)
 * Issue: Makran (wider area), Gwadar (town (now a city)) - what did Sultan get? (Sounds like - eventually - the Sultan got it all, but only Gwadar at first? Also, find ref for Makran being returned in 1955. Ref for Gwadar/1958 we have already)