User:TMNTArcadeGameHero/Academic dishonesty

Lead (original idea of what my assigned article is about)
Academic dishonesty is a serious issue in both primary and secondary education. It occurs in many forms, such as cheating, sabotaging, plagiarism, and ghostwriting. The rise of artificial intelligence allowed students to complete writing assignments without using their own words. By using AI-generated websites, such as ChatGPT, students are more likely to receive punishment for plagiarism.

Australia[active voice edit]
In Australia, the Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency addresses academic dishonesty.

United Kingdom[edit]
In the United Kingdom, the Quality Assurance Agency is responsible for quality assurance in higher education. It has produced several policy and guidance documents for policymakers, educators, and the general public.

Canada[active voice edit]
In Canada, individual post-secondary institutions discourage academic misconduct with the help of policies and guidelines published by the university itself, though research into the topic has lagged behind that of other countries. Research has shown that the incidence of academic dishonesty in Canada is similar to that of the United States. While many institutions are guided by ICAI, there also exist provincial organizations, such as the Academic Integrity Council of Ontario (AICO). Handling cases of academic dishonesty was mainly done using the rule compliance approach, which was more punitive. However, more institutions are now adopting the integrity approach, which is based on a more educational and restorative model.

Cheating[active voice edit]
Main article: Cheating

Cheating can take the form of cheat sheets, looking over someone's shoulder during an exam, or any forbidden sharing of information between students regarding an exam or exercise. Many elaborate methods of cheating have been developed over the years. For instance, students have been documented hiding cheat sheets or notes in the bathroom toilet tank, in the brims of their baseball caps, up their sleeves, along their thighs, or in their cleavage. Also, the storing of information in graphing calculators, pagers, cell phones, and other electronic devices has cropped up since the information revolution began. While students have long surreptitiously scanned the tests of those seated near them, some students actively try to aid those who are trying to cheat. Methods of secretly signalling the right answer to friends are quite varied, ranging from coded sneezes or pencil tapping to high-pitched noises beyond the hearing range of most teachers. Some students have been known to use more elaborate means, such as using a system of repetitive body signals like hand movements or foot jerking to distribute answers (i.e. where a tap of the foot could correspond to answer "A", two taps for answer "B", and so on).

One other method is taking advantage of time zones, particularly in exams administered worldwide. Those who take the exam first (likely in Oceania) can then post answers for those about to take the exam (in a time zone behind like Europe).

Plagiarism (My preferred area to modify)
Plagiarism, as defined in the 1995 Random House Compact Unabridged Dictionary, is the "use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work". In academia, this can range from borrowing without attribution a particularly apt phrase, to paraphrasing someone else's original idea without citation, to wholesale contract cheating.

Europe developed the modern concept of plagiarism as immoral and originality as an ideal in the 18th century, while in the previous centuries, authors and artists were encouraged to "copy the masters as closely as possible" and avoid "unnecessary invention". The 18th century new morals were institutionalized and enforced prominently in the sectors of academia (including academic science, education, engineering, etc.) and journalism, where plagiarism is now considered academic dishonesty and a breach of journalistic ethics, subject to sanctions like expulsion and other severe career damages. Not so in the arts, which have resisted their long-established tradition of copying as a fundamental practice of the creative process. As of the 21st century, artists continue to tolerate plagiarism.

Plagiarism is not a crime but is disapproved more on the grounds of moral offence.

Since 2000, discussions on the subjects of student plagiarism have increased with a major strand of this discussion centering on the issue of how best students can be helped to understand and avoid plagiarism. Given the serious consequences that plagiarism has for students, there has been a call for a greater emphasis on learning to help students avoid committing plagiarism.

Also under the scope of plagiarism is self-plagiarism. Self-plagiarism occurs when a student submits an assignment, essay, or piece of work that was originally submitted for another course without the instructor's permission to do so.

Tomar and Chan concluded that students with access to AI-generated websites such as ChatGPT are more likely to plagiarize their assignments and claim the work from the websites as their own. Because ChatGPT generates human-like text, it can increase actions of ghostwriting, such as students using direct information from their sources without giving proper citations. In an article published by Intelligent.com, Dr. Ronnie Gladden argued that "In essence, originality and rigor absolutely matter. And critical consciousness and independent thought must be fostered, and I will fiercely defend those elements."

Cebrián-Robles discussed the risks of using AI tools in academia, such as the need to monitor online activity, as well as the struggle between academic honesty and AI. According to a survey done by the Chalmers University of Technology, "62 percent [of students] believe that using chatbots during examinations is cheating."

Article body
FOUR CHANGES TO THE ARTICLE THAT ARE MINOR AND HELP READABILITY OF THE PAGE:


 * Quote : Tomar (2019) addresses the need for educational institutions to combat academic dishonesty, student cheating, and the ghostwriting industry. The author suggests that the internet has proliferated and simplified cheating, dramatically expanding the accessibility, visibility, and ease with which students can lift, recycle or otherwise claim authorship of work that is not their own (Griffiths, Paul & Nowshade Kabir, Matt, 2019, p. 138).
 * Punctuation structure : Insert commas between sentences that should include them. For instance, place a comma between "students" and "there" in the last sentence of the fourth paragraph, "Given the serious consequences ... help students avoid committing plagiarism."
 * Change preposition : From "The 18th century..." to "In the 18th century..."
 * Correct verb form : From "...new morals have been..." to "...new morals were..."
 * Change the wording : From "...learning in order to help..." to "learning to help..."
 * Remove redundancy : From "submitted for the purpose of another course" to "submitted for another course".

FOUR CHANGES TO THE ARTICLE THAT ARE MAJOR (changing the tone, changing the point of view, editing the content in favor of content that is more factually accurate or less biased)


 * According to the poll recorded in Table 2, Chan (2023) mentions that using AI helps 453 students complete their assignments faster. Consequently, using AI allows students to use information from a computer. Students are therefore more likely to copy unoriginal text instead of writing in their own words.
 * Editing the content in favor of content that is more factually accurate or less biased
 * 457 students and 180 teachers from Hong Kong used ChatGPT for assistance with writing and grading assignments, respectively (Chan, 2023).
 * Editing the content in favor of content that is more factually accurate or less biased
 * Intelligent.com (2023) issued a survey detailing that 46% of people knew what ChatGPT was. From that percentage, 64% used it to complete assignments.
 * Editing the content in favor of content that is more factually accurate or less biased
 * In the academic field, copying and pasting content from AI programs is considered cyber-plagiarism (Cebrian-Robres et al., 2023).
 * Editing the content in favor of content that is more factually accurate or less biased

BIBLIOGRAPHY


 * Cebrián-Robles, Violeta, et al. "Impact of Digital Contexts in the Training of University Education Students." Education Sciences, vol. 13, no. 9, 2023, p. 8-9. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13090923.
 * Chan, Cecilia K. Y. "A Comprehensive AI Policy Education Framework for University Teaching and Learning: Revista De Universidad y Sociedad Del Conocimiento." International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, vol. 20, no. 1, 2023, p. 8-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00408-3.
 * Griffiths, Paul, and Kabir, Matt-Nowshade. Proceedings of the European Conference on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics. Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited, 2019, p. 131-138. Google Books, https://books.google.com/books?id=8MXBDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PA131&dq=plagiarism%20with%20ai&lr&pg=PA131#v=onepage&q=plagiarism%20with%20ai&f=false.
 * Ibrahim, Karim. "Using AI-Based Detectors to Control AI-Assisted Plagiarism in ESL Writing: “The Terminator Versus the Machines”." Language Testing in Asia, vol. 13, no. 1, 2023, p. 5-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40468-023-00260-2.
 * Intelligent. "Nearly 1 in 3 college students have used ChatGPT in writing assignments." 2023, January 23, pp. 4-14. https://www.intelligent.com/nearly-1-in-3-college-students-have-used-chatgpt-on-written-assignments/.
 * Chalmers University of Technology. "Students positive towards AI, but uncertain about what counts as cheating." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 12 May 2023, pp. 19-22. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/05/230512144730.htm.