User:Taiwantaffy/Taiwanese comparison

There are a number of systems in existence for writing Southern Min languages of the Xiamen/Taiwan/Hokkien variety. By 1999 there were some 64 such systems for Taiwanese. Most are romanizations, but there are also other systems based on Zhuyin Fuhao or katakana, or inspired by Hangul.

Initials
Note that most of the romanizations do not distinguish between [ts] and [tɕ], or between [tsʰ] and [tɕʰ]. However, because these are allophones of each other in Taiwanese, no confusion arises as to what sound is meant in a particular syllable. Note also that Pumindian does not distinguish [l], [n], and [ʑ], rendering all three as . This is not a problem in the Xiamen version of Southern Min where these three phonemes have merged into [l], but for Taiwanese Southern Min, either all three are distinct, or only [l] and [ʑ] have merged into [l], depending on the particular dialect.

Finals
For Modern Literal Taiwanese, the base form of the final is given, in the seventh tone (fourth tone for syllables ending with a stop). auhⁿ e eh ek eng eⁿ ehⁿ i ia iah iak iam ian iang iap iat iau iauh ih

in io ioh iok iong

it iu iuh iⁿ iaⁿ iahⁿ iauⁿ iauhⁿ ihⁿ io͘ⁿ iuⁿ m mh ng ngh o oa oah oai

oan oang oat oe oeh oh ok

ong

oaⁿ oaiⁿ oaihⁿ oeⁿ oehⁿ o͘ o͘ⁿ o͘h o͘hⁿ u uh ui uih un ut uⁿ uiⁿ