User:Tanishmour/sandbox

Introduction
Pirana dumpyard is area situated in Ahmedabad, Gujarat where all the wastes, garbage, chemicals and so on is been dumped at pirana.Here at Pirana, for over 40 years now, three huge hills of 55-meter high are ticking time bombs. This pile of 69 lakh metric huge amounts of stinking waste, obvious from any of the city's extensions, has no more space left now even as we Amdavadis continue creating about 4,200 tons consistently. With this, the huge amounts of plastic and harmful chemicals dumped at the site consumes constantly directing poisonous vapor into the air. Now, a significant number of us squeeze our noses, dismiss our eyes and head out from Pirana as quickly as time permits with the goal that the city's ugliest sight does not ambush our faculties. As though the stench and the sludge will vanish in light of the fact that we are not taking a gander at it! Shockingly, it doesn't work that way. The more we disregard that mountain, the greater and more unmanageable it gets.Each Amdavadi produces 763 grams of waste each outing of which 14 grams is simply plastic. Since the loss here isn't isolated, even crores drew into for waste to fuel ventures go squander. The wet blended waste is of low calorific esteem and of the 1,300 metric tons resolved to be changed over to Reject Determined Fuel (RDF); just 700 metric tons is valuable.Be that as it may, it's not the residents alone who are capable. The state government too does not feel it important to give endowments to RDF fuel with the goal that it winds up less expensive than different powers utilised as a part of heaters. Another loss to power extend ended up at Pirana. "The power created from Pirana comes at Rs 7.80 a unit while that accessible from neighbourhood lattice is Rs 5.70. The legislature needs to think about an endowment get ready for the RDF." says a senior urban advancement office official. Gujarat Contamination Control Board (GPCB) senior ecological architect V R Patel says, "Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) is proceeding with topping of the Pirana site as the seething waste is letting out harmful exhaust."

Location
It is near national highway 8 and little away from Ahmedabad city.

Pirana dump yard site

Chhipakuva, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380028

History
Spreading over an area of 84 hectares, the Pirana landfill has been the city’s major dumping yard since 1982. Every day, the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) collects approximately 4,700 metric tones of solid waste to dispose of at the landfill. Three 75-feet-high massive mounds of garbage, each, characterize the landfill weighing 69 lakh metric tones. The stench from Pirana has been a continuous companion for residents, even the ones who stay two or three kilometers away from the landfill site. Ever since the landfill began operating in the 1980s, all of the city’s waste, unsegregated and often hazardous in nature have been just dumped in the landfills. Nearly 36 years of pirana is infamous for its high mountains

Effect of Pirana Dumpyard on the health of humans and environment
The life of the residents of  Pirana dumpyard and nearby village has become hell due to emission of toxic gases from nearby industries and Pirana dumpyard. Everyday the Pirana dumpyard is set on fire whose smoke get mixed with the toxic gases from the industries which reduces the visibility and create breathing problems. It also gave birth to lung diseases and cardiac problems. Apart from breathing issues the localities also suffer from jaundice and cholera type diseases due to polluted water.This toxic smoke has taken many life till now.

The recent study by Gujarat Environment Management Institute(GEMI) which collectec 30 groundwater samples from the areas near the Pirana dumpyard. After the test it was revealed that only 10% ground water were found to be excellent, 26% do not fit for the human consumption before proper treatment. The polluted environment has made the cultivation of crops almost next to impossible near the dumpyard. The roads are covered with thick smog during winters which created more trouble for the people. The basic right to clean air and water has become a luxury for the localities. The government negligence towards the impact of PD has made the life of the people more miserable.

Communities living in Dumpyard
Ahmedabad is one of the largest cities in the state of Gujarat, both in terms of size and population. The total population of Ahmedabad is 55.7 lakhs. This huge number of population has a positive and negative effect. With this huge population, there comes in high pollution too.

It is said that, Amdavadis keep producing nearly 4,200 tones every day. Not only this waste is collected, but also it is dumped in huge tones of plastic, toxic chemicals and other such wastes. This garbage dumped at the site burns unknowingly which then creates pollution and also emits toxic fumes into the air.

The adverse effects are very harmful on the communities living nearby. The rural type of communities is found around this Pirana Dump yard. Most of the families in absence of work and any source of money, survive themselves by doing labor work on the site. Thus, this labor work provides them a good opportunity to earn their livelihood. The worst part is that most of what they earn is spent on illness.

EFFECTS ON PEOPLE
All the people working and doing labor work in Pirana dump yard area are majorly suffer from one or the other health issues. The conditions in which they work are so worsened that no person can even look at the site of working. There prevails a common complaint from the local communities about the unpleasant smell coming from the dump yard due to dumping of garbage. Also, there is no proper facility for the waste disposal. This not only affects the health of the people living there but also the workers climb on the higher risk of getting TB, asthma, rabies and various other skin disorders. Following are the major effects of this dumping of garbage –

1.    Respiratory problems
People working in the dump yard and the communities living around the garbage, suffer from the respiratory problems. Due to the heavy emission of the smoke of burned garbage, people feel problems and blockage in inhaling and exhaling air leading to respiratory problem.

2.    Disorder and headaches
The laborers working in the area of dumping garbage do the manual work of collecting the garbage and separating into different types. This manual work and separation work leads to various skin disorders and headaches. Many people who are working there on the site and even those who are doing business little away from that place, suffer from skin disorder wherein they lose hair from cheek and forehead area and thus leading to skin disorders. Also, people working on the dumping ground from morning to evening have headaches due to the foul smell and sunlight too.

3.    Increasing number of insects and flies
Pirana dump yard is a huge place for dumping garbage of all types, which includes the garbage and waste of the whole city. This causes increase in number of dumping. Due to the garbage, there creates very bad and foul smell leading to the polluted air and insects and flies which flies around the garbage. From there, comes the diseases like dengue, malaria and more. Thus, the labors have to spend more on illness from their income.

4.    Elimination of gases
The garbage that is collected is a mixture of both wet and dry waste. Thus, when this garbage and waste is burned, a huge amount of gas is emitted. Those gases are so harmful that this elimination of toxic gases can kill people too. Also, sometimes there is an automatic fire that takes place on the dumping.

5.    Pollution
These dumping of wastes and garbage also include the process of collecting it door to door and then dumping it on the hip of the collected garbage. Burning of these creates air pollution. Also, the disastrous and foul smell causes air pollution. This foul smell affects the residents living around. Even, water pollution also takes place due the contamination of ground water. All this has only worsened the health situation apart from the obvious harm of living beside Pirana dump yard.

Futures In Dumpyard
At the point when ancient people assembled in towns, they soon chose they would not like to keep all their waste in the town with them. That choice denotes the introduction of the train of waste administration. Individuals have most likely constantly wanted to live in clean conditions. They have most likely additionally wanted to clean their homes with the minimum conceivable exertion. Unearthings of the most punctual homes with earth floors uncover one way inhabitants managed litter. They just secured it every once in a while with new dirt. Covering litter this way would step by step raise the rise of their floor. The more prominent the populace thickness and the more waste individuals created, the less well this strategy worked. At the beginning of development, towns were little and scattered. Land was inexhaustible. Individuals took the least complex answer for family unit squander administration: discover a touch of land not helpful for whatever else and dump all their decline there. Most waste in early mankind's history contained different natural squanders in addition to powder from flames, wood, and bones. Archeologists considering old trash dumps find next to no broken instruments and earthenware. Individuals in early human advancements probably repaired and reused however much as could reasonably be expected. They may have additionally treated the soil at any rate some natural waste.

In Chennai there is fast development in populace and has prompted the expansion in the measure of strong waste arranged at dump yards. Consistently, a few tons of strong waste is being saved into the Pallikaranai marshland, Chennai, India affecting nature unfavorably and causing genuine medical problems. Utilizing time arrangement satellite pictures and gas sensors, the ecological changes throughout the years are resolved and natural changes sooner rather than later are anticipated. Satellite pictures of the zone under examination are acquired sequentially from CNES/Astrium and Digital Globe. The rough zone of the landfill yard in each picture is computed by utilizing Google Maps API. The variety in the region possessed by the dumpyard throughout the years is dictated by utilizing change location strategy. Gas sensors are utilized to gauge the levels of different unsafe gases, for example, methane mixes, Carbon Monoxide and Carbon Dioxide. Air Quality at the landfill yard and two or three areas close to the landfill yard additionally decided. In light of the outcomes, the conceivable natural changes sooner rather than later are anticipated.

Preventing animals from entering DumpYard
Currently the dump yard is often visited by cows and crows. Animals and crows die as the plastic material can’t be digested easily and no steps are taken to solve this issue. Also the corporation truck comes twice daily to dump the waste and the previous waste needs to get rid before the waste comes so lot of pollutants are dispersed. There are many items in the dump yard that could have easily been recycled.

The dump yard, the walls and the gate surrounding it should be maintained so that animals can’t enter the dump yard in search of food. The corporation and the people living should strictly follow Waste Segregation so that the actual waste that is dumped will reduce massively and the classified waste can be used for other useful purposes. The other half of the dump yard can be used for composting. What factors may affect the durability of the walls and the gate? How can we educate rural people to believe in waste segregation? What can we do if some of them don’t cooperate and throw the wrong thrash in the wrong bin?

Actions taken by Government
Government is planning to transform pirana dump yard into oasis. To accomplish this determined plan, Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) is evolving Pirana dumping site into a green zone. Pirana closure project is part of the Rs 187-crore solid waste management project of AMC under Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM). A senior AMC official says, "Closure involves advanced capping technology in which layers of earth, gravel and impermeable material will be used to seal the dump completely. We are also exploring the huge potential of trapped gases there, mainly methane. Extracted methane can be directly fed to nearby industries and will help in eliminating use of traditional fuels like coal and lignite." AMC authorities have also undertaken a pilot project to measure methane concentration at the site. According to an estimate, 950 cubic metres can be expected to be extracted daily. "The idea is to develop a green belt over Pirana dumping site. We are also developing a scientific sanitary landfill site at Gyaspur and work on the first cell is complete," says health and solid waste management chairman Praful Rawal. The Pirana dump site is spread over 84 hectares and has been in operation since 1980. It receives 2,300 metric tonnes of solid municipal waste per day. AMC officials will incorporate environmental mitigation measures, including an impermeable surface cover with geo-textile, top soil and vegetation layers. The site will also have landfill gas collection and leachate, the liquid that drains or leaches from a landfill, collection and treatment systems.