User:Tarassu/sandbox

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Vehicle Classification by Propulsion System

 * BEV - Battery Electric Vehicle - vehicle drives on electrical energy stored in a battery. The only type that can be called shortly "Electric Vehicle".
 * EREV - Extended Range Electric Vehicle - vehicle drives mostly on stored electrical energy.
 * PHEV - Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicle - vehicle drives on stored electrical energy or directly with combustion engine. Does have a plug for recharging.
 * HEV - Hybrid Electric Vehicle - vehicle drives either with or without combustion engine. Does not a have plug for recharging battery.
 * MHV - Mild Hybrid Vehicle - vehicle drives with combustion engine. Energy recuperated is used for propulsion and auxiliary functions. Vehicle that can decouple combustion engine and drive on electric power is counted as HEV.
 * FFEV - Fossil Fuel Electric Vehicle - vehicle drives on electrical energy that is generated by onboard generator. Does not a have plug for recharging battery.
 * ICEV - Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle - vehicle drives with combustion engine. Energy can be recuperated and used for auxiliary functions but is not applying any additional torque.
 * Micro Hybrid Vehicle - obsolete inconsistent classification. Recuperated energy is used for auxiliary functions and engine restart (start-stop system). These vehicles are classified as regular ICEV-s.
 * FCEV - Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle - vehicle drives on electrical energy generated by hydrogen fuel cell. Does not a have plug for recharging battery.
 * PFCV - Plug in Fuel Cell Vehicle - vehicle drives on stored electrical energy or electrical energy generated by Fuel Cell.
 * HPV - Human Powered Vehicle - vehicle operated solely on human power or stored power generated by human (KERS, battery, capacitor).
 * HEHV - Human-Electric Hybrid Vehicle - vehicle drives on human power or stored electrical energy.  Does recharge without human effort (solar, plug).
 * CAV - Compressed Air Vehicle - vehicle drives on energy harvested from expansion of compressed air.

BEV - Battery Electric Vehicle
Alternative abbreviations: EV (Electric Vehicle), AEV (All Electric Vehicle). These vehicles are propelled by energy stored in traction battery. Energy can temporarily be stored in a different device (KERS, Supercapacitors).

Examples: Electric car (Nissan Leaf, Tesla Model S), Electric Forklift

https://www.torquenews.com/1075/when-electric-car-not-electric-car

PHEV - Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicle
These vehicles are propelled by two or more energy sources. One of them is electric energy stored in a battery. The second one is combustion engine that either directly or indirectly turns the wheels. These vehicles can also be used solely in electric mode and never run combustion engine. They can also solely run on fossil fuel and never be recharged.

EREV - Extended Range Electric Vehicle
Alternative abbreviations: RExEV (Range Extended Electric Vehicle), REEV (Range Extended Electric Vehicle), BEVx. Subtype of PHEV. These vehicles are mostly propelled by energy stored in a battery. Range can be extended by secondary energy source (for example burning fossil fuel with onboard combustion engine). Vehicle that will handle secondary energy source as the main source shall not be counted as Range Extended EV but rather regular PHEV. Vehicle either has to be recharged for the next day commute or be functionally heavily limited in battery depleted mode. Manufacturer has to insure daily usage without recharging is inconvenient. Less than half of distance travelled shall be done in extended mode. Vehicle that is unable to fully perform with charged battery (limited HVAC capability, limited power) shall not be counted as EREV but rather PHEV.

The only series-production car that fits this classification is BMW i3 with Range Extender. This vehicle is unable to operate normally without recharging the battery after depletion. Range Extender is unable to generate enough power for full acceleration and also heat up the cabin at the same time. Also generator is not going to last the lifetime of the vehicle as it was not designed to be used all the time. Vehicles like Chevrolet Volt have generators that can power electric drivetrain with no limitations.

Examples: BMW i3 REx

Range extender (vehicle)

https://www.torquenews.com/1075/when-electric-car-not-electric-car