User:The Rise of Bats/sandbox

Gill hyperplasia is the excessive inflammation or hyperplasia of gill tissue, cause by disease, poor water quality or injury of the gills. Gill function is often impaired, causing significant oxidative stress. Lack of appetite and lethargy often accompany gill hyperplasia.

Causes
Chronic irritation of the gills is the primary cause of gill hyperplasia. Continuous ammonia nitrogen exposure has been found to lead to a substantial increase in cases of gill hyperplasia, as well as exposure to heavy metals , and injury to the gills. Some parasitic, protozoan, and bacteria species may also cause hyperplasia.

Infections known to cause gill hyperplasia listed below


 * Chilodonella
 * Trichodina
 * Amyloodinium
 * Ichthyobodo necator (formerly known as Costia necatrix)
 * Ichthyophthirius multifiliis
 * Gill Flukes

Treatment
Treatment of severe hyperplasia is difficult, and often unreliable, though mild to moderate hyperplasia may be cured. The first, and most essential step to the treatment of gill hyperplasia is to deal with the underlying cause (some of which listed above). Additional oxygen, as well as aquarium salt may also help with recovery.