User:Thinkeditor/American espionage in China

The United States has conducted espionage against the China.

World War II
During World War II, the Signal Intelligence Agency was able to decipher the communications of the Kuomintang. It was also able to decipher the communications of the Wang Jingwei regime. The United States was able to read most of the communications in the Chinese Foreign Office system, the Air Force system, the General Staff system, and the military and naval attache system. The correspondence between T. V. Soong and the Chinese Embassy in Washington was also read.

Source: History of the Signal Security Agency Volume II (pp.180-189).

1951
Hugh Francis Redmond worked for CIA in the storied Special Activities Division. He was in Shanghai disguised as an ice cream machine salesman from 1946 to 1951, returning intelligence information on the Communists. As he was boarding a ship to San Francisco to return to the United States, he was captured and imprisoned. Held for almost twenty years in a prison camp, he was severely tortured, but never admitted his connection to the CIA.

1967
The Black Cat Squadron dropped sensor pods in the Taklamakan Desert near the Lop Nur Nuclear Weapons Test Base to gather information on Chinese nuclear capabilities. The aircraft-delivered sensor pods were successfully dropped on their targets, but no data could were received from the pods.

2009
The US National Security Agency attacked computers at Pacnet's Hong Kong headquarters, according to information provided by whistleblower Edward Snowden.

Source: https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1266875/exclusive-us-hacked-pacnet-asia-pacific-fibre-optic-network-operator

2010
According to an investigation by the New York Times, the government of the PRC was able to either kill or imprison 18 to 20 C.I.A sources from 2010 to 2012; an article in Foreign Policy cited a higher number, putting the number of sources killed at at least 30. A joint CIA and FBI counterintelligence operation set up to investigate the intelligence failure advanced three different theories as to why the spy network was dismantled: (1) there was a mole within the C.I.A., (2) "sloppy tradecraft" and (3) PRC intelligence agents had hacked the covert system the C.I.A. used to communicate with its foreign sources. The New York Times said that the debate over the cause remained unsolved while the a former American intelligence official cited by Foreign Policy said investigators concluded that it was caused by a "confluence and combination of events." In January 2018, a former CIA officer named Jerry Chun Shing Lee was arrested and would eventually plead guilty on suspicion of helping dismantle the network while the Foreign Policy article ascribed, notwithstanding the arrest, the failure to the ability of the PRC intelligence agencies to penetrate the CIA's communication system.

2013
Edward Snowden claimed that the US National Security Agency is engaged in extensive cyberattacks on major Chinese telecommunication companies, with the goal of accessing text messages. He has also claimed that the U.S authorities have infiltrated the network of Tsinghua University, home to the China Education and Research Network (CERNET) from where internet data from millions of Chinese citizens could be mined. The NSA has also hacked the Chinese University of Hong Kong, home to the Hong Kong Internet Exchange, which is Hong Kong's hub for all its internet traffic.

Source: https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1266777/exclusive-snowden-safe-hong-kong-more-us-cyberspying-details-revealed

2019
Huawei has accused the U.S. authorities of cyberattacks, attempted entrapment, and unlawful searches on its employees to gather information on the company.