User:Thor Dockweiler/P1

=Links= A Primary userpage. B Book: Constellations - Lists of Stars. C Book: Constellation of Orion. D Preparation page 1. This page - - see below. E Preparation page 2. F Primary talkpage. G Talkpage 2010.

=Preparation Section=

UFO's: A Scientific Debate
Sagan/Page book.

Red-link entries under Robert M. L. Baker and Carl Sagan. Cross link all authors including Roach.

Book versions/printings.

Book is published results of AAAS Symposium on UFO's 1969 December 26-27, Boston, MA with papers presented, revised or expanded for book. Book published 1972.

Book format:


 * Contributors
 * Editors' Introduction Carl Sagan & Thornton Page
 * Selected UFO Cases

PART I | BACKGROUND
 * 1 Education and the UFO Phenomenon		Thornton Page
 * 2 Historical Perspectives: Photos of UFO's 	William K. Hartmann
 * 3 Astronomers' Views on UFO's 			Franklin Roach

PART II | OBSERVATIONS
 * 4 Twenty-one Years of UFO Reports 		J. Allen Hynek
 * 5 Science in Default: Twenty-two Years of Inadequate UFO Investigations James E. McDonald
 * Appendix: Four Cases
 * 1. South-Central U.S. July 17, 1957
 * 2. Lakenheath and Bentwaters, England, August13-14, 1956
 * 3. Haneda AFB, Tokyo, Japan, August 5-6, 1952
 * 4. Kirtland AFB, New Mexico, November 4,1957
 * 6 UFO'S -The Modern Myth 			Donald H. Menzel
 * Appendixes
 * 1. The Papua Case, June, July, and August, 1959
 * 2. Clearwater, Florida, July 4,1964
 * 3. The Spectacular UFO's of March 3, 1968
 * 4. The Phantom Plane, Colorado Springs, May 13, 1967
 * 5. Do Flying Saucers Move in Straight Lines?
 * 6. UFO's in Art
 * 7. Flying Saucers of the Bible
 * 7 Unusual Radar Echoes 				Kenneth R. Hardy
 * 8 Motion Pictures of UFO's 			R. M. L. Baker, Jr.

PART III | SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
 * 9 Sociological Perspectives on UFO Reports 	Robert L. Hall
 * 10 Psychology and Epistemology of UFO Interpretations Douglass R. Price-Williams
 * 1l Psychiatry and UFO Reports 			Lester Grinspoon & AIan D. Persky
 * 12 On the Abilities and Limitations of Witnesses of UFO’s and similar Phenomena Frank D. Drake
 * 13 Influence of the Press and Other Mass Media 		Walter Sullivan

PART IV | RETROSPECTIVE AND PERSPECTIVE
 * 14 UFO's: The Extraterrestrial and Other Hypotheses 	Carl Sagan
 * 15 The Nature of Scientific Evidence: A Summary 	Philip Morrison

ADDENDUM
 * Discussion Reported by the Editors
 * Index

W31
HII region with multiple items 1806-20.

Novels
The novels in the series are, in order:


 * 1) The Cat Who Could Read Backwards, 1966 (ISBN 0-515-09017-4): Qwill and Koko's first meeting.
 * 2) The Cat Who Ate Danish Modern, 1967 (ISBN 0-515-08712-2): Qwill is given the interior design beat for his newspaper. He also meets Yum Yum.
 * 3) The Cat Who Turned On and Off, 1968 (ISBN 0-515-08794-7): Qwill goes to Junktown to write a Christmas feature series.
 * 4) The Cat Who Saw Red, 1986 (ISBN 0-515-09016-6): Qwill gets assigned to the culinary beat and reunites with an old flame.
 * 5) The Cat Who Played Brahms, 1987 (ISBN 0-515-09050-6): A contemplative Qwill withdraws from the big city to visit his Aunt Fanny in Moose County.
 * 6) The Cat Who Played Post Office, 1988 (ISBN 0-515-09320-3): A bicycling mishap and a brightly painted room have Qwill's mustache twitching.
 * 7) The Cat Who Knew Shakespeare, 1988 (ISBN 0-515-09582-6): Fire and death at the newspaper offices.
 * 8) The Cat Who Sniffed Glue, 1988 (ISBN 0-515-09954-6): Vandalism appears in Pickax and a couple is murdered.
 * 9) The Cat Who Went Underground, 1989 (ISBN 0-515-10123-0): Qwill goes on vacation and carpenters in the area start dying.
 * 10) The Cat Who Talked to Ghosts, 1990 (ISBN 0-515-10265-2): One of Qwill's friends is found scared to death in her own home.
 * 11) The Cat Who Lived High, 1990 (ISBN 0-515-10566-X): Qwill returns to Junktown to try to restore an old apartment building.
 * 12) The Cat Who Knew a Cardinal, 1991 (ISBN 0-515-10786-7): Pickax's principal is found fatally shot after a party at Qwill's barn.
 * 13) The Cat Who Moved a Mountain, 1991 (ISBN 0-515-10950-9): Qwill and the cats go on retreat in the Potatoes.
 * 14) The Cat Who Wasn't There, 1992 (ISBN 0-515-11127-9): Sixteen Moose County residents go on group tour to Scotland.
 * 15) The Cat Who Went Into the Closet, 1993 (ISBN 0-515-11332-8): Qwill attempts to solve a murder mystery long distance.
 * 16) The Cat Who Came to Breakfast, 1994 (ISBN 0-515-11564-9): Qwill and his felines take a trip to Breakfast Island resort.
 * 17) The Cat Who Blew the Whistle, 1995 (ISBN 0-515-11824-9): A railroad buff and president of a local bank disappears.
 * 18) The Cat Who Said Cheese, 1996 (ISBN 0-515-12027-8): A stranger checks into the New Pickax Hotel. Not too long after, the hotel is bombed.
 * 19) The Cat Who Tailed a Thief, 1997 (ISBN 0-515-12240-8): Small actions of theft are occurring in Pickax and a few people are found dead.
 * 20) The Cat Who Sang for the Birds, 1998 (ISBN 0-515-12463-X): An old barn across from the new art center burns down.
 * 21) The Cat Who Saw Stars, 1999 (ISBN 0-515-12739-6): Qwill takes a vacation in Mooseville.
 * 22) The Cat Who Robbed a Bank, 2000 (ISBN 0-515-12994-1): A jewelry dealer from Chicago comes to visit and is murdered.
 * 23) The Cat Who Smelled a Rat, 2001 (ISBN 0-399-14665-2): A very dry year and concerns about wildfires have everyone praying for snow.
 * 24) The Cat Who Went Up the Creek, 2002 (ISBN 0-515-13438-4): Qwill and the cats stay at a riverside inn in Black Creek.
 * 25) The Cat Who Brought Down the House, 2003 (ISBN 0-515-13655-7): An aging film star retires to Pickax.
 * 26) The Cat Who Talked Turkey, 2004 (ISBN 0-399-15107-9): The long-absent turkey population begins to return to Pickax.
 * 27) The Cat Who Went Bananas, 2005 (ISBN 0-399-15224-5): A new bookstore opens.
 * 28) The Cat Who Dropped a Bombshell, 2006 (ISBN 0-399-15307-1): Moose County prepares for its 150th anniversary.
 * 29) The Cat Who Had 60 Whiskers, 2007 (ISBN 978-0399153907): Polly unexpectedly takes a library job in Paris, leaving without even saying goodbye to Qwill, and a gardener's so-called accidental death does not seem so accidental.
 * 30) The Cat Who Smelled Smoke (ISBN 978-0399154744): The book was supposed to be released in 2008 but was first postponed until 2009 and later canceled by publisher Putnam Books.

ASP Past Presidents

 * 1997-1999 John R. Percy (U. of Toronto)
 * 1995-1997 Bruce Carney (U. of North Carolina)
 * 1993-1995 Russell Merle Genet (Fairborn Observatory)
 * 1991-1993 Julie Lutz (Washington State U.)
 * 1989-1991 Frank Drake (U. of California, Santa Cruz)
 * 1987-1989 James Hesser (Dominion Astrophysical Observatory)
 * 1985-1987 Sidney Wolff (U. of Hawaii, NOAO)
 * 1983-1985 David Morrison (U. of Hawaii & NASA Ames)
 * 1981-1983 Halton Arp (Hale Observatories)
 * 1979-1981 Leonard Kuhi (U. of California, Berkeley)
 * 1977-1979 Ann Boesgaard (U. of Hawaii)
 * 1975-1977 Geoffrey Burbidge (U. of California, San Diego)
 * 1973-1975 Ray Weymann (U. of Arizona)
 * 1971-1973 Harold Weaver (U. of California, Berkeley)
 * 1969-1971 George O. Abell (U. of California, Los Angeles)
 * 1967-1969 Helmut Abt (Kitt Peak National Observatory)
 * 1965-1967 Louis G. Henyey (U. of California, Berkeley)
 * 1962-1965 Robert Petrie (Dominion Astrophysical Observatory)
 * 1960-1962 Seth Barnes Nicholson (Mt. Wilson-Palomar Observatories; 2nd term)
 * 1958-1959 Nicholas Mayall (Lick Observatory; 2nd term)
 * 1956-1957 Andrew McKellar (Dominion Astrophysical Observatory)
 * 1954-1955 Olin Chaddock Wilson (Mt. Wilson & Palomar Observatories)
 * 1952-1953 Gerald Kron (Lick Observatory)
 * 1951 Otto Struve (U. of California, Berkeley)
 * 1950 Dinsmore Alter (Griffith Observatory)
 * 1949 Robert Julius Trumpler (U. of California, Berkeley; 2nd term)
 * 1948 Ira Sprague Bowen (Mt. Wilson Observatory)
 * 1947 C. Donald Shane (Lick Observatory; 2nd term)
 * 1946 Ralph Elmer Wilson (Mt. Wilson Observatory)
 * 1945 Ferdinand Neubauer (Lick Observatory)
 * 1944 Roscoe Frank Sanford (Mt. Wilson Observatory)
 * 1943 Armin Otto Leuschner (University of California, Berkeley; 3rd term)
 * 1942 Nicholas Mayall (Lick Observatory)
 * 1941 Arthur Scott King (Mt. Wilson Observatory)
 * 1940 C. Donald Shane (University of California, Berkeley)
 * 1939 Alfred Harrison Joy (Mt. Wilson Observatory; 2nd term)
 * 1938 Hamilton Jeffers (Lick Observatory)
 * 1937 Harold D. Babcock (Mt. Wilson Observatory)
 * 1936 Armin Otto Leuschner (U. of California, Berkeley; 2nd term)
 * 1935 Seth Barnes Nicholson (Mt. Wilson Observatory)
 * 1934 Sturla Einarsson (U. of California, Berkeley)
 * 1933 Edwin Hubble (Mt. Wilson Observatory)
 * 1932 Robert Julius Trumpler (Lick Observatory)
 * 1931 Alfred Harrison Joy (Mt. Wilson Observatory)
 * 1930 William Meyer (U. of California, Berkeley)
 * 1929 Frederick Hanley Seares (Mt. Wilson Observatory)
 * 1928 Joseph Haines Moore (Lick Observatory; 2nd term)
 * 1927 Paul W. Merrill (Mt. Wilson Observatory)
 * 1926 Bernard Benfield (2nd term)
 * 1925 Bernard Benfield (San Francisco engineer)
 * 1924 Arthur Black (San Francisco banker)
 * 1923 Walter Sydney Adams (U. of California, Berkeley)
 * 1922 Exum Lewis (U. of California, Berkeley)
 * 1921 Charles Cushing (San Francisco attorney, 2nd term)
 * 1920 Joseph Haines Moore (Lick Observatory)
 * 1919 Beverly L. Hodghead (San Francisco, attorney)
 * 1918 William Wallace Campbell (Lick Observatory, 3rd term)
 * 1917 Frank Cornish (San Francisco)
 * 1916 Sidney Dean Townley (Stanford U., 2nd term)
 * 1915 Robert Grant Aitken (Lick Observatory; 2nd term)
 * 1914 Russell Crawford (U. of California, Berkeley)
 * 1913 Alexander George McAdie (U.S. Weather Bureau)
 * 1912 Heber Curtis (Lick Observatory)
 * 1912 John Galloway (Berkeley)
 * 1911 Fremont Morse (U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey)
 * 1910 Wlliam Wallace Campbell (Lick Observatory, 2nd term)
 * 1909 Charles Burckhalter (Chabot Observatory, 2nd term)
 * 1908 Charles Cushing (San Francisco attorney)
 * 1907 Armin Otto Leuschner (U. of California, Berkeley)
 * 1906 Sidney Dean Townley (Latitude Observatory, Ukiah)
 * 1905 George Edwards (University of California, Berkeley)
 * 1904 Otto von Geldern (San Francisco)
 * 1903 Charles Dillon Perrine (Lick Observatory)
 * 1902 John Dolbeer (San Francisco lumber businessman)
 * 1901 James Edward Keeler (Lick Observatory)
 * 1900 George Pardee (eye doctor and Governor of California)
 * 1899 Robert Grant Aitken (Lick Observatory)
 * 1898 William Alvord (San Francisco merchant/banker; Bank of California president; 14th mayor of San Francisco)
 * 1897 William Hussey (Lick Observatory) and William Alvord (San Francisco bank president)
 * 1896 Charles Burckhalter (Chabot Observatory; Co-founder)
 * 1895 William Wallace Campbell (Lick Observatory)
 * 1894 Eusebius Molera (San Francisco civil engineer)
 * 1893 John Martin Schaeberle (Lick Observatory)
 * 1892 William Montgomery Pierson (San Francisco attorney; drew up Society's articles of incorporation)
 * 1889-1891 Edward Singleton Holden (Lick Observatory; Founder}

AENA/AA
ISSN 0737-6421 2011 ISBN13: 978-0-7077-41031

AZSSS
ISSN ; all hardcover; The University of Arizona Press.

PPM
Astronomisches Rechen-Institute Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Publisher: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag GmbH. In Memoriam Walter Fricke 1.4.1915-21.3.1988 Director ARI 1954-1985 for vols. 1, 3 (not 2, 4). 100 stars per page.

Murray
The Murray River Curly Coated Retriever  (MRCCR), referred to most commonly in the historic record due to its color as a "brown curly coated retriever" [referenced in both Australia,   and New Zealand     ], "liver curly coated retriever" [referenced in Australia    ], or the noted brown color defined additionally and further as liver [referenced in both Australia,  and New Zealand ], originated in South Eastern Australia. This unique retriever is also known historically as an Australian Duck Dog, Murray River Duck Dog, or Murray River Curly, and occassionally simplified (causing confusion) to Curly Retriever. The dog is viewed uniquely over time by the Australian population as its own breed in the past almost a century ago and in present time with an art related book of photography of dogs done in conjunction with the Government of South Australia. The dog has been viewed as its own breed historically through the Western Australia Kennel Club and a newer club that used newer standards based on old standards. The dog is also uniquely known, but not always, to possess a white-hair patch on its chest. Historically, the white patch was not desired,   as black curlys were preferred (to have otherwise was "considered absolute madness"!).

The breed was developed as a working duck dog in the 19th century and takes its name from the Murray River, a major river. The Murray was and is popular as a retriever and a duck dog in Victoria, southern New South Wales and South Australia. The MRCCR is known among hunters as an all round dog. It will retrieve, set point, track and flush game. Its popularity waned when duck shooting and hunting dogs were banned in many Australian states. Today the MRCCR can still be found in all states of Australia and recently the United Kingdom.

Differences from Curly-coated Retrievers
The Murray River Curly Coated Retriever is often confused with the standard United Kingdom originating curly-coated retriever. The Murray Curly has been recently labelled a designer dog, because it has similarities to the development of various "oodle crosses". These "oodle crosses" are bred for their curly or shaggy coats. Philip Mathis, in his book about curlies around the world, acknowledges a smaller type of river curly, but incorrectly believed they came from the Murray River in New Zealand. While there may be some Murray River Curlies in New Zealand, their origin is Australia. Scottie Westfall believes that the MRCCR may be a Norfolk Retriever in another disguise.

Development
With no breed club, specific breed standard, or recognition at the time, a Yahoo group for owners and supporters of the Murray River Curly Coated Retriever was established in 2006. In June 2010, the Murray River Curly Coated Retriever Association (MRCCRA) was established with a mission "To Preserve and Promote the Murray River Curly Coated Retriever". The Association established a 4 part open register. Dogs currently alive can be registered, allowing breeders to continue traditional breeding and ensure that owners know which dogs are related. This permits informed breeders to select from a listed genepool when looking for a mate for their Murray. The MRCCR has a number of general 'types' described below. This breed also has three active Facebook groups and a Twitter site.

A pending formal application to Dogs Victoria for recognition of the MRCCR as a sporting breed was recently made which will allow Murrays to compete at official gundog trials.

The Murray has many devoted owners who believe the Murray to be the most loyal, biddable and best companion dog they have ever owned. They can be protective but generally only of their owner and owner's property. Murrays and horses generally seem to get along well.

It is unknown how many Murray River Curly Coated Retrievers are about, but with ten to fifteen  known litters born each year with an average of 8 pups per litter, there should be 800 plus MRCCRs currently in Australia. November 2012 saw the first Murray litter bred in the United Kingdom by breeder A. Colebatch. December 2012 saw a published article by A. Colebatch in the Shooting Times & Country Magazine about the MRCCR.

History
Very little is known about the origins of the Murray River Curly Coated Retriever. Murrays were developed around the early to mid 19th century, by duck hunters in the Murray River region of Australia. A special type of dog was needed to retrieve ducks during duck hunting. Obscurity of the Murray's origins is typical of many older dog breeds as owners and breeders did not keep records of their dogs. The dogs were solely for their function as retrieving gundogs. The lack of written documentation is typical of numerous Landrace dog breeds. Breeds which developed due to dogs being selected for the function they performed rather than their "breed type". This practice saw the development of "specific breed types" over time as dogs who were similar in ability and physical type were bred to each other. This is where the term "function developed form" is used.

The dog needed to be a good retriever, able to cope with loud shot gun noises, intelligent, able to swim well, have large amounts of stamina and work from duck punts. There is confusion as to the dog breeds used to create the Murray, some believe that the Murray was descended from dogs, perhaps American Water Spaniels (AWS), brought here by American captains employed on the Murray River steamers in the 19th century. The AWS and Murray do appear around the same time and have parallel developments. Another theory is that the Murray represents what was a popular form of retriever in the United Kingdom and Europe in the early 19th century. The now extinct Norfolk Retriever has been put forward as a possible source of the breed. This seems to be based on the similarity between the MRCCR and the description of the Norfolk Retriever from the book British Dogs published in 1879 by Hugh Dalziel.

It was the retriever of the common people. Somehow it was brought to Australia and North America where it survived and developed into the AWS and Murray. There are reports of brown curly dogs in Hobart in the 1840s. Elsewhere this type of retriever became extinct. The Curly Coated Retriever, which the MRCCR is often confused with, did not appear in Australia until circa 1870. The CCR comes in black, the Murray does not. Recent DNA profiling revealed at the Murray's on Murray Event in October 2012 proved that the Murray falls on the gundog spectrum but is not closely related to any other gundog. The DNA of the Murray proves it is a unique and diverse breed. More DNA testing is being carried out by the Murray River Curly Coated Retriever Association by collating more individual tests to increase the breed sample group.

Description


Murray River Curly Coated Retrievers have a liver coat, typified by a reddish-brown, rust-colored brown, or garnet tinge. The colour helps them blend with their environment and the curls aid in waterproofing the dog. They do not always have a second undercoat as some breeds do so they do feel the cold if left wet and inactive in a cold environment. The Murray may shed for summer. 'Murrays', as they are often called, are used to a hot, dry environment. While the dog can cope with this weather they do appreciate a swim to cool themselves down. During summer, the tips of the dog's coat may begin to turn golden or appear lighter in colour.

The MRCCR is only available in one colour, liver. Their eyes are a golden yellow to brown colour. Many have a small white patch on their chest. Curl can vary in length and be waved to quite tight.

The breed has webbed feet allowing them to swim better. Webbed feet are a unique trait of water dogs. They often have large paws than their other proportions would suggest.

The Murray River Curly is always liver-coloured and some have white markings on their chests. The Murray's curls are looser than a standard curly but range from wavy to tight. Their ears seem longer or more spaniel-like than most retrievers. Older types in the breed tend to have shorter legs.

MRCCRs, a smaller type of retriever, are a medium size dog generally within 5 kg of 25 kg in weight, but with some regional variances with a range from 15 kgs to 40 kgs. Their legs should be shorter than most retrievers, they tend to be stocky and they have a deep chest. They were bred as a working dog and can have a muscled body to match. Murrays have large floppy lips. This is so as not to bruise the bird when retrieving. Murrays are loyal and will protect their owners, their property and get along quite well with other dogs even cats providing they have been well socialised from a young age. The Murray is a natural hunter and requires this energy to be directed into acceptable outlets. They make a great family dog and are very good with children. They love to play and be part of the 'pack'.

Temperament
The Murray is an energetic, intelligent and loyal dog who needs reasonable amounts of exercise. They have a great deal of stamina and may bring back as many as 120 ducks in a day's shooting.

The Murray requires early and intensive socilaization or it can become fearful of strangers. This could result in 'fear snapping', meaning the dog may snap at strangers if the stranger pushes themselves on the dog. The Murray River Curly Coated Retrievers that existed in the past tended to be used as working dogs. Murrays do not do well left to their own resources or confined to a suburban backyard. They thrive on interaction with their owners and family and work.

Health and care
Murrays require little grooming. The coat will shed for summer. In general, they are a short coated dog provided the dead hair is removed. The best form of grooming is to let the dogs swim. Any loose, dead hair tends to come out of the coat during swimming. If this is not possible they can be brushed however the curls tend to 'fuzz' and the dog needs a spray with water or a bath to return the curl. Some dogs do require clipping but most only need a trim as the hair on and behind their ears and tail can grow a little longer than their body and the curls turn into waves or matts.
 * Grooming maintenance

As with any dog their nails may need trimming if they are not worn down on a hard surface. It is best to get them used to this from an early age so as not to traumatise the dog.

If the dog is allowed to swim regularly, it will not need a bath very often.

In the past some Murrays were reputed to have personality problems. This can happen to any breed of dog that is not socialized and where the breeding pool has not been large.
 * Health issues

As with all floppy eared dog breeds, they are prone to ear infections. It may be difficult for the ears to dry out after swimming and this makes them more prone to becoming infected. The best way to avoid this is to either use a drying solution in their ears after every swim or to tie their ears back so they can dry out. Regular cleaning of the ears is recommended.

Due to their weight, they are considered a large breed of dog. As with all larger dogs they tend to grow quickly which can cause joint problems. Diseases such as hip or elbow dysplasia may occur

Murrays in Rescue
Murray River Curly Coated Retrievers are appearing more frequently in dog rescues in Australia, six being reported in 2012. The Murray is an intelligent, active, medium sized retriever and natural hunter that requires a knowledgeable and devoted owner. It does not do well being left in a backyard and forgotten. Many MRCCRS are sold as designer dogs, known as oodles in Australia, or as curly-coated retrievers. They are not a fluffy lap dog and their characteristics differ from the standard Curly Coated Retriever. More work needs to be done by MRCCR owners to prevent MRCCRs entering rescue as many don't make it out because they become fearful.

Formal Breed Description
The Murray River CCR has been used as a retriever in Australia since the early 19th Century to retrieve ducks along Australia’s major water course, the Murray River, and in many other areas. MRCCR’s are also popular as family companion dogs.
 * Brief history

The origin of the MRCCR is obscure but this small, energetic and reliable retriever has for over a century been an indisputable Aussie icon. DNA principle component analysis PCA shows the MRCCR is a distinct and separate breed. Its location in comparison with other defined breed-groups shows relationships with the American Water Spaniel, Chesapeake Bay Retriever, Curly Coated Retriever, English Springer Spaniel and Irish Water Spaniel. Further all-breed comparison analysis shows the MRCCR is grouped close to many other retrieving and field working gundogs. It is important to note that in the 1800s dogs were bred because of their working ability not as a specific breed this produced a dog whose function created its form. There are newspaper articles of MRCCR dating back to 1844 and photographs to the 1850s which show that the breed we know it today was being used as a retrieving gundog along the Murray River; and that this function is still occurring today nationally. There are currently two individual types of MRCCR with the main differing physical characteristic notable being leg length. This is noted under the appropriate heading. Such type variations within breeds commonly generalize over time; and do not affect the ability of the breed to perform its function. A dog slightly rectangular in body; with a distinctive curled coat. Standing at 46-53cm (18 - 21 inches) with no size parameters distinctively set for dogs or bitches. Smaller sized MRCCRs are as effective as larger specimens at retrieving game.
 * General appearance

His size and build create a rectangular outline with the strong, alertly held head with a medium length neck, set on obliquely placed shoulders, flowing into a  longer than wither height level topline, strong hindquarters flow levelly into a  straight or saber shaped tail that is carried level with the topline.

His temperament, carriage and attitude indicate a confident dog who may be slightly reserved with strangers, who is energetic without being obsessive compulsive. The MRCCR is very alert when working; his attentiveness assists his ability to mark the fall of shot game. When at rest he is calm and relaxed.

Apart from his retrieving instinct and willingness to work as a team with humans, the MRCCRs main feature is his liver curled coat, which while slightly looser in Curl than his larger UK CCR cousin is of paramount importance to protect him while swimming, his favorite pastime. The curl can be varied in its tightness which in no way distracts from his ability to function as a retriever. Natural feathering between the paws, on the tail and ear leather’s is commonly trimmed to reduce water drag while swimming.
 * Characteristics

Intelligent, energetic, focused. The MRCCRs focus and energy make him highly trainable especially where retrieving/fetching is involved. His love of retrieving makes him as suitable as a family companion as a partner in the field. This coupled with his intelligence make him a willing student, happy to participate in agility; obedience or any team pursuit. He is a willing and eager to learn if training is kept interesting to maintain his focus. His focus and energy requires consistent reward-based training with ground rules set at an early age. Friendly self-confident and inquisitive; may be reserved with strangers. The MRCCR is a friendly, self-confident and inquisitive dog. The MRCCR is friendly with those he knows and loves, but is not as gregarious with strangers. Appropriate socialization while developing during the critical learning periods; will help produce a dog that is sociable in novel situations. He is happy and affable at home amongst his family and will announce a stranger’s arrival into his territory. A well socialized puppy will develop into a friendly self-confident adult. He will accept strangers if introduced appropriately though he may not be overly sociable until he has acclimatized to a new situation. Timidly or social or environmental reluctance should not occur in a well-socialised dog. Head strong with a medium stop, in proportion to body size. Foreface and skull equal length. Planes of skull and muzzle parallel. Nose color to match coat colour in adults. Expression shows alertness and intelligent focus. The head should balance with the rest of the body. It is a blocky wedge shape with a reasonably broad, flat or slightly concave parted skull and a distinctive stop when viewed from the front or side. The head is smooth with the curls commencing at the back of the skull, where the ears begin. Underneath the curls commence at the throat.
 * Temperament
 * Head, skull and muzzle

The muzzle is medium length with strong jaws enabling the dog to carry game. The upper plane of the muzzle is level with the wide fully pigmented nose and full nostrils, appearing blunt or slightly upturned

The lips, should not be snipey, nor have excessive flews; lip taper ends mildly and rather blunt but not square, the lower jaw line is slightly rounded which can be seen in profile. Large, not prominent, almond shaped, obliquely set. Golden-hazel to brown. The eyes have the appearance of being a rounded almond shape and are moderately large, they should not protrude. Prominent (bugged) eyes, loose haws, entropian or entropian are faults. Gold-hazel to brown eyes is the prominent colour. Medium large, commencing above eye level; lying close to head, covered with loose ringlets. The ears are drop down; and lobular shaped lying close against the cheek. The ear’s reach half-way along the muzzle, when lain out. Ear curls are softer and looser that the body hairs, causing ringlets to frame the face giving a pigtailed appearance if untrimmed. Ears are commonly lightly trimmed to neaten appearance and improve airflow to the ear canal. The ears when cocked add to the dog’s alert expression. Jaws strong and level with perfect, regular and complete scissor bite, i.e. upper teeth closely overlapping lower teeth and set square to the jaws. The jaws are medium-long, not snipey. They do not have excess lip or cheek; the flews just cover the mouth extending slightly below the lower jaw. Strong and carried high when alert, of medium length, free from throatiness and flowing into well laid back shoulders. The neck is moderately long to enable the dog to pickup game when retrieving without stopping. Shoulders well laid back and muscular. Upper arm and shoulder blade approximately equal length. Forelegs straight (standard) or slightly bowed (stocky) with strong pasterns and set well under body. The neck flows into well laid back shoulders which are muscular of equal length to upper arm. The chest should be as deep as it’s broad. The elbow should begin at the chest. The dog should not dog gait wide or lumber when moving. The forelegs are either straight (standard) or slightly bowed (stocky). Pasterns should be strong but flexible on the move. Bone is strong and round to support the dog when retrieving game. Front dewclaws present. Chest moderately-deep with well sprung ribs, round in cross section with brisket level with elbow. Forechest outstanding. Ribs located well back into the moderate, deep and powerful loin. Slight tuck up to flank. Topline strong and level. The dog is longer in body, measured from point of shoulder to point of buttock, than in height from withers to ground. The chest is equally deep and wide. The ribs are well sprung, extending into a deep, powerful loin with a slight tuck-up of flank. A slight waist is evident. Hindquarters are muscular and broad. The dog is longer in length from point of shoulder to point of buttock than height from withers to ground. The dog is rectangular in appearance. Strong, muscular. Good turn of stifle. Hocks well let down and well bent. Strong and in balance with the overall structure the thighs are powerful with muscling carried well down into a moderately-long and well developed second thigh. Bend of stifle is distinct. Hocks are strong, well bent and short. Dogs should never be cow-hocked, sickle-hocked or bowed in or out. Drive in the hindquarters is needed both in and out of the water. Rear dewclaws if present are generally removed to prevent injury when retrieving Round, tight, with well-arched toes. The round, compact feet have thick, tough pads are not small compared to leg bone, with well-arched toes like cats’ paws. Webbing present between toes for swimming while retrieving. Nails are brown to match the coat colour. Flowing from topline. Reaching past the bend of hock; carried straight or saber like on the move. The tail root flows from the topline. It is strong and thick at the root tapering gradually to the tip. The tail naturally has feathering which if trimmed reveals short curls. Quick movement with good extension and drive. Limbs move in parallel The MRCCR is quick and agile. Movement at the trot is well-balanced. When viewed in profile front reach is free flowing, and in balance with the rear action. Front movement should not be stilted or hackneyed. Hind legs should not cross as it indicates hind muscle weakness. Body coat of liver coloured medium to tight curls lying close to the skin, extending from occiput to tip of tail. Hair is smooth on head, front of forelegs hocks and paws. The medium to tight curled coat is strong in texture and water resistant. Density and texture is necessary to provide protection against water and punishing cover while retrieving. The dog should be covered from the occiput over the ears, down the body to the tip of tail and behind the legs with medium-tight curls. The coat is short, smooth and straight on the forehead, face, front of forelegs, hocks, pasterns and feet. There may be slight feathering on the back of the forelegs. The coat is naturally oily but not harsh to the touch it is sufficiently thick to protect the skin from cold water and punishing cover while retrieving. The ears leathers have longer ringlets or open curls if trimmed. MRCCRs do shed with entire bitches shedding hormonally which is noticeable as there is no undercoat. In dogs and desexed bitches shedding is less obvious. Solid liver; sometimes with a white blasé or forechest spot. The coat is not shiny it should be dull to reduce reflection when waiting to retrieve game along the river bank. Some dogs show a few white hairs or a white patch on the chest. Liver dogs colour shades may vary. The coat will fade, especially on the ears over the Australian summer if retrieving from water or living outside. . Ideal height at withers: 46-53cm (or 18 - 21 inches). There is no size parameters distinctively set for dogs or bitches. It is paramount that the MRCCR be balanced and that his bone structure should harmonise with his weight and height. . Any physical abnormalities that will affect the MRCCR performing his original function should be considered a fault, such as structural abnormalities, eye disease or a thin poor coat.
 * Eyes
 * Ears
 * Mouth
 * Neck
 * Forequarters
 * Body
 * Hindquarters
 * Feet
 * Tail
 * Gait/movment
 * Coat
 * Colour
 * Size
 * Faults

Note: Entire male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.



References (books)

 * Dalziel, Hugh (1879), British Dogs: Their Varieties, History, Characteristics, Breeding, Management, And Exhibition - Illustrated With Portraits Of Dogs Of The Day., hardcover, 495 pp. (+vii); (with additional authors assisting); "The Bazaar" Office (publisher), Alfred Bradley (printer), London, England. [Note: Chapters of importance: "Chapter XXXIII - The Black Curly-Coated Retriever", pp. 163-167; "Chapter XXXIV - The Norfolk Retriever", pp. 167-169; "Chapter XXXV - Liver-Coloured Retrievers", pp. 169-170.]. [Further Note: This work was also published in later years, including as multi-volume sets with staggered years; cite refers to first publishing year.].
 * Harding, Sally (2010), City Dog Country Dog, ISBN 978-1-86254-915-9, hardcover, 112 pp.; foreword by Goode, Angela; Wakefield Press, Kent Town, South Australia, Australia; in conjunction with Arts, South Australia, Government of South Australia.
 * Mathis, Philip (2001), Curly Coated Retriever, [Pet Love (book series)], p. 15, within Chapter 1 "History of the Curly Coated Retriever", in the subsection "The Curly in Australia and New Zealand"; ISBN 978-1-842860-15-1, hardcover, 160pp.; Animalia Books, S.L. (publisher); Interpet Publishing, Surrey, England (UK). url:2008-06-23 [Note: website url has error with ISBN number incorrectly ending in "4" and publisher incorrectly as "Internet Pulishing".].
 * Nicholls, Audrey (1992), The Curly Coated Retriever; hardcover, 208 pp.+(xii) (1992, 1st Edition), Wolverhampton (UK); hardcover, 258 pp. (2001, Revised Edition) River Media Services Limited, Hereford.
 * Whitehead, Sarah (1999), Dog: The Complete Guide; hardcover, (1999, 1st Edition), Tiern Media Ltd., Prospero Books; Reprint Edition (2003), ISBN 978-0-7607-1719-6, Barnes & Noble, 260 pp.

References (newspapers)

 * The Courier (newspaper), Hobart Town, Tasmania, 1844 July 05 (Friday), Vol. XVII, No. 971, p. 1 (main front page), Col. 4, 5th entry from page bottom, advertisement request re lost dog. (Trove: http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2950867).

References (other)

 * Gaywood, Elwyn (2011), "My Family's First Murray", Murray Mail (newsletter), No. 5, p. 3, October 2011.
 * Harding, Don (2012), letter, Murray Mail (newsletter), No. 7, p. 2, July 2012.
 * Hughes, Dianne (2012), "Meeting your Murray Member: Karen Bell", Murray Mail (newsletter), No. 7, p. 3, July 2012.
 * Marshall, Meredith (2011), "Horses and Murrays", Murray Mail (newsletter), No. 5, pp. 4-5, October 2011.
 * Worboys, Ann (2012), report re DNA of the Murray, Murray Mail (newsletter), No. 8, December 2012.

References (photographs - archives)

 * SLSA Archive Image (circa 1920) Number PRG 280/1/21/17; State Library, Government of South Australia (National Library of Australia); description caption; image of hunting Murray River Curly Coated Retriever.
 * SLV Archive Image (1893) Number H92.311/29; State Library of Victoria (National Library of Australia); image of a male Murray River Curly Coated Retriever.

Australian dogs Category:Dog breeds Category:Dog breeds originating in Australia

ja:マレーリバー・カーリーコーテッド・レトリーバー

Murray River Curly Coated Retriever: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m1YfxRFJ5uI

Curly Coated Retriever: https://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&feature=endscreen&v=fzNcXz0HBxo

Irish Water Spaniel Tweed Water Spaniel English Water Spaniel resembled Land Spaniel Boykin Spaniel

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