User:Tillman/Eulalia Bourne

Eulalia "Sister" Bourne (c.1895-1984) was a pioneer Arizona schoolteacher, rancher and author (Woman in Levis's, etc.). Born in West Texas, the oldest of five girls, she was dubbed "Sister" by a younger sibling who couldn't pronounce Eulalia. After a sketchy education, she got her first teaching job in 1910, at age 16, in Beaver Creek in Arizona's Verde Valley. At the end of her second year, she was fired for dancing the "one-step", considered a “vulgar rag” by the chairman of her school board.

Bourne's next teaching job was at Helvetia, a mining camp in the Santa Rita Mountains south of Tucson. None of her students spoke English, nor did Bourne speak Spanish. At that time, Arizona had a law forbidding the use of Spanish in school. "It was the silliest rule I ever heard of in my life," she said. She sent away for Spanish grammar books, and set aside the last five minutes of each day for the students to teach her Spanish.

Bourne entered the University of Arizona in Tucson in 1920, but it took her ten years to graduate,working her way through school, majoring in English and Spanish. After graduating summa cum laude, she took a job in the isolated ranching community of Redington. There she created The Little Cowpuncher, a mimeographed newspaper, written and illustrated by her students. It was begun, as Bourne later explained, as an effort “to hold the mirror up to life as we live it here.” The little paper (and the mimeograph machine) moved with her from school to school for the next 11 years: from Redington to Baboquívari, then to Sierrita, Sasco, Sasabe, Sópori and back to Sasabe. With its lively, detailed descriptions of ranch and school life, it is now seen as a unique historical document of Southern Arizona ranching communities from 1932 to 1943. A complete set is available online here.

"Sister Bourne was a complicated personality. She subscribed to the New Yorker magazine and was a member of the Arizona Cattlemen’s Association. She was a rancher who hated rodeos because she saw them as animal cruelty. She wouldn’t divulge her age or details of her private life, but freely offered her (often unpopular) opinions on the social and political questions of the day. She wore red lipstick and faded Levi’s. She was ahead of her time with her views on bilingualism in the classroom. She had many supporters, but some considered her a pain in the neck. From all reports, her students loved her and probably her cows did too. (She gave them all names: Vanilla Ice Cream, Dirty Face, Milagro, Old Rattlesnake.)" --Joan Sandin.

Bourne was (briefly) married three times, divorced twice, and widowed once. She lived much of her life at her homestead in Peppersauce Canyon above San Manuel, and later at her GF Bar Ranch on Copper Creek, east of Mammoth, where she died in 1984. Bourne received honors and awards from the UofA Alumni Association, the Arizona Press Women, Arizona State Library Association, and the Cowgirl Hall of Fame.

Sources:
 * Joan Sandin, Sister Bourne: A Life of Teaching, Cow Punching, Broken Hearts, Broken Marriages, and Broken Bones, Arizona Alumni magazine, winter 2004
 * School on the Range: The Little Cowpuncher Roundup, an online project of the University of Arizona Learning Technologies Center

Books
Woman in Levi's, University of Arizona Press, 1967. Memoir of her life as a rancher in the San Pedro Valley. Online Version

Nine Months Is a Year: Teaching at Baboquivari School. University of Arizona Press, 1969. Online Version

Ranch Schoolteacher, University of Arizona Press, 1974. Her early life as a pioneer Arizona teacher.

The Blue Colt, Flagstaff, Northland Press, 1979. A Western novel for children.