User:Timofonic/ESS Technology

http://finance.google.com/finance?morenews=10&rating=1&q=NASDAQ:ESST http://www.esstech.com/IR/press_releases.shtm http://www.audiodesignline.com/news/199905447

ESS Technology Incorporated ) is a listed manufacturer of computer multimedia products based in Fremont, California. It was founded by Fred Chan and Forrest Mozer in 1984. The firm employs more than 500 people worldwide. Robert L. Blair is the CEO and President of the company.

Historically, ESS Technology was most famous for their line of their Audiodrive chips for audio cards. Now they are known for their line of portable multimedia players.

History
ESS Technologies was founded in 1984 as Electronic Speech Systems, by Professor Forrest Mozer, a space physicist at the University of California, Berkeley and Fred Chan, in Berkeley, California.

The company was created at least partially as a way to market Mozer's speech synthesis system (described in us patents 4,214,125, 4,433,434 and 4,435,831) after his (3 year, summer 1978 to summer 1981, extended) contract with National Semiconductor expired in 1983 or so.

Electronic Speech Systems produced synthetic speech for, among other things, home computer systems like the Commodore 64. Within the hardware limitations of that time, ESS used mozer's technology, in software, to produce amazingly realistic sounding voices that often became the boilerplate for the respective games, sometimes being the only reason why people actually looked at and played an otherwise mediocre game. Anyone who ever played Ghostbusters on the C-64 remembers "He slimed me!!", or Edwin Atombender's "Another visitor - Stay a while, stay forever!" in the original Impossible Mission.

At some point, the company moved from Berkeley to Fremont, California. Around this time, the company was renamed to ESS Technology.

Later, in 1994, Forrest Mozer's son Todd Mozer, an ESS employee, branched off and started his own company called Sensory Circuits Inc, later Sensory Inc. to market this same speech software and other speech technology. Sensory produced the first commercial speech recognition and synthesis integrated circuit in the mid-90s, building on the earlier experience in ESS, where Todd had also worked. Nowadays their chips are used in products from Sony, JVC, Mitsubishi and Toshiba, ranging from toys like Furby, Scamps, I-Cybie and Amazing Amanda to handsfree car phones, remote controls, alarm clocks and car stereos. Sensory's latest technology called "Doc" produces highly realistic lip movement on a software avatar, a technique that will probably be the standard in MMORPGs in the not too distant future.

Forrest Mozer continues his research work at the University of California, these days as Associate Director of Space Sciences. He was awarded EGU Hannes Alfven Medallist 2004 for his work in electrical field measurement and space plasma and also was involved in building the microphone to record sounds from the Mars Lander.

In the mid 1990s, ESS started working on making sound card chips, and created the populatr Audiodrive line, used in hundreds of different products.

ESS Techonolgy Inc. exists to this day, located in Fremont, California.

Professor Mozer's Patented Technology
Professor Mozer first became interested in speech technology when blind student in his class in 1970 asked whether he could help design a talking calculator. Mozer spent 5 years working on it, and his speech technology first appeared in the Telesensory Inc. "Speech+" talking calculator, in a chip called the "CRC Chip", more commonly known as s14001a, the first self-contained speech synthesizer chip. This chip was also used in a few arcade games and pinballs, notably Atari's Wolf Pack, and Stern's Berzerk and Frenzy. After a three-year exclusive deal with Telesensory Inc. from 1975 to 1978, Forrest Mozer sold a 3 year license to National Semiconductor, and they created another chip using Mozer synthesis, the MM54101 "Digitalker". At first, even then, all words were encoded by hand by Mozer in his basement, but in the third or fourth year of the license, National came up with a software encoder for it. After the exclusive license expired, (National seemed to have a ?non-exclusive? license for a year or so) Mozer licensed the technology to ESS. After Mozer's son Todd split off and created Sensory Circuits Inc., the technology was licensed there.

According to the Sensory Inc. history pages and old datasheets, they offsered four types of compression: and a few other PCM/LPC based systems.
 * MX (I believe this compression is nearly identical to that used on the digitalker, with some minor coding changes and possibly some RLE. Its apparently used on some alarm systems and on the Vtech talking baseball/football cards.)
 * CX
 * SX

Later, Sensory bought up the remains of many old speech synthesis manufacturers from the 1980s, such as Texas Instruments' speech division.

Professor Mozer's technique not only produced very realistic sounding speech, it also required very little on-chip (later, in software) RAM, a sparse and expensive commodity at that time. The advanced compression algorhithm (patented, an early form of psychoacoustic compression using similar spectra of ADPCM-encoded waves) reduced the memory footprint of speech about a hundredfold, so one second of speech would require 90 to 625 bytes. With ESS-speech, samples that would normally require almost all of the 64 kilobyte memory of the Commodore 64 (if encoded in PCM) were so small, that the entire game fit into the RAM along with speech, without requiring additional loads from disk.

Games featuring ESS-speech

 * Fisher Price Jungle Book Reading (Apple ][, 19??)
 * Impossible Mission (c64, 1984)
 * Ghostbusters (c64, 1984)
 * Cave of the Word Wizard (c64, 1984)
 * Talking Teacher (c64, 1985)
 * Kennedy Approach (c64, 1985)
 * Desert Fox (c64, 1985)
 * Beach Head II (c64, 1985)
 * 221b Baker Street (c64, 1986)
 * Solo Flight (c64, 1986)