User:Tkc21/sandbox

Change Management

Craddock, W. (2015). Change Management IN THE STRATEGIC ALIGNMENT OF PROJECT PORTFOLIOS. Project Management Institute White Paper, 10-12. Retrieved October 9, 2015, from http://www.pmi.org/~/media/PDF/learning/Change_Mgmt_in_Portfolio_Strategic_Alignment_final.ashx[Pages 10-12 outline strategies of change in private sector businesses, and outlines different models of change as written by several scholars. The Lewin Change Model (1947) containing 3 basic steps unfreezing, moving, and freezing. John Kotter who expanded the process to 8 steps and Robert H. Waterman, Jr. and Tom Peters who developed a 7-S Model. MI is a non-profit business membership association for people in the portfolio, project, and program management fields. This article will help us expand our basic knowledge of the subject but furthermore gives us the framework of the 3 main change models.]

Mind Tools Team. (2015). Lewin's Change Management Model: Understanding the Three Stages of Change. Retrieved October 9, 2015.https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newPPM_ 94.htm.[Further outlines Lewin change model. The Lewin change model has 3 basic steps, which are, unfreeze, change, and refreeze. This is the basic model of all change models. During the Unfreeze process you must prepare the organization for change and disrupt the status quo. During the change phase people begin to gain confidence in finding new ways to do things. And during the freezing stage organization members are confident in the new ways and consistency and continuity is set in place. Mind tools is an online organizational training site specializing in different fields of management. They help more that 25,000,000 people a year with discussions such as change management, and therefore are a credible source. This article will help us go in-depth on the workings of Lewin’s change management, and furthermore supplied us links to other scholars in the field.]

MindTools Team. (2015). Kotter's 8-Step Change Model: Implementing Change Powerfully and Successfully. Retrieved October 16, 2015.https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newPPM_ 82.htm.[Kotter’s 8-step model starts off with Step one Create Urgency, for a change to happen smoothly it needs to be seen as necessary so creating a sense of urgency helps the ease. Step 2 is form a powerful coalition. Forming a coalition will be helpful because you need leadership to make a movement. Step 3 create a vision for change to do this you must determine your values and strategy for your change. Step 4 is achieved through communication of your idea. Step 5 eliminate obstacles by eliminating objects that are causing your plan to not move as quickly, and bringing in change leaders is a way to achieve this. Step 6 create short term wins. Step 7 build on your progress. Step 8 Anchor the Changes in Corporate Culture.]

MindTools Team. (2015). The McKinsey 7-S Framework: Ensuring That All Parts of Your Organization Work in Harmony. Retrieved October 16, 2015. https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/new STR_91.htm. [This article outlines the 7-S’s of McKinsey model. The model contains 3 hard elements and 4 soft elements. The hard elements being Strategy, Structure, systems. And the soft elements are Shared values, skills, staff, and style.]

Tkc21 (talk) 16:14, 16 October 2015 (UTC)

Civic Tech

Gillman, H. (2015, April 20). The future of civic technology. Retrieved October 9, 2015. http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/techtank/posts/2015/04/20-civic-technology\. [Article outlines how a future in civic tech would be beneficial to advancement of technology as a whole. It examines potential benefits and future impact of the field. ]

Howard, A. (2015, February 6). Civic tech in 2015: $6.4 billion to connect citizens to services, and to one another. Retrieved October 9, 2015. http://www.techrepublic.com/article/civic-tech-in-2015-6-9-billion-to-connect-citizens-to-services-and-to-one-another/. [How citizens had to become better connected because of harsh weather. People coming together harbors new ideas and helps forward tech. Shows how storm helped show the weaknesses in the structure. Helped create new ideas in the field.]

Knight Foundation. (2013, December 3). Knight civic-tech. Retrieved October 9, 2015. http://www.slideshare.net/knightfoundation/knight-civictech. [Knight foundation outlines civic tech and go in depth on the different fields of civic tech. Knight foundation funds innovations in journalism and arts.]

Stearns, J. (2015, April 29). Mapping the Intersection of Journalism and Civic Technology - The Local News Lab. Retrieved October 16, 2015. https://medium.com/the-local-news-lab/mapping-the-intersection-of-journalism-and-civic-technology-d5472c5c9cc9. [ Defines civic technology through the eyes of journalists. Furthermore it explores the idea of journalism and medias roll in civic technology.]

Tkc21 (talk) 16:30, 16 October 2015 (UTC)