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Mason Mathews (December 15, 1803 - September 16, 1878) was a businessman, public servant, and political representative of the Whig party from Greenbrier County.

His father, Joseph Mathews, was a wealthy land investor who was among the first residents of the city of Lewisburg, Greenbrier County, when it was established in 1782, having moved there from Botetourt County where his father, William Mathews, was a Justice of the Peace. Joseph Mathews was a nephew of Governor George Mathews of Georgia.

Mason Mathews was raised and educated in Lewisburg. He moved to nearby Frankford soon after marriage and established a mercantile business, Erskine & Mathews.

Mathews held a variety of public offices in Greenbrier County, including Commissioner of the Revenue and Justice of the Peace, also serving as a representative in the General Assembly of Virginia, where he opposed secession. When the state of West Virginia was formed on June 20, 1863, it incorporated much of what was then northwestern Virginia, including Greenbrier County. Mathews continued to represent his county in the General Assembly of Virginia until the conclusion of the Civil War. In the years after the war, he served on the committee of Claims and Joint Commission on Executive Expenditures in Richmond before returning again to Lewisburg, where he died.

Marriage and Family
In 1827 Mason Mathews married Eliza Shore Reynolds, sister of Brigadier General Alexander W. Reynolds. They had eight children.

His eldest son, Henry Mason Mathews, was a lawyer who served as the fifth Governor of West Virginia.

His second son, Alexander Ferdinand Mathews, was a lawyer and financier, who was a founder and president of the Bank of Lewisburg.

His youngest son, Joseph William Mathews, held the office of Cashier of the Bank of Lewisburg until his death in 1897.

Major General Mason Mathews Patrick, for whom Patrick Air Force Base is named, was a grandson of Mason Mathews.