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Home is a concept that is associated with shelter and it is open to various interpretations. According to Tipple and Speak (2009) the common associations in the spatial and social dimensions can be influenced by economic status such as ‘belonging ‘and ‘comfort’. At the forefront of discourse, the term home bares serval levels of association, which can be physical pertaining to the adequacy of the structure and form of shelter. Furthermore, the term home has perceived notions and associations, which can open the context of understanding to various planes of relation.

One may associate home with the geographic location and the social atmosphere in relation and proximity within a settlement as part of a community. For the sake of achieving a scientific, universal understanding, the focus is on the physical definition and associations of the term home. The accepted definition of the term homelessness is ‘rootlessness,’ which refers to the lack of shelter in its basic form (Tipple and Speak, 2009, 245). It is critical to observe the quality of a place of shelter for housing purposes when defining a home. Inadequate shelter that exposes inhabitants to the elements or to danger, this constitutes ‘inadequate housing’ (Tipple and Speak 2009, 245). To shed light on emerging causalities of homelessness this literature review is an exploration of several sources, for example journals toward probing discourse on the broader theme of homelessness and some associated concepts. Makiwane et al. (2010) titled ‘Homeless individuals, families and communities: The societal origins of homelessness’ contains a comprehensive extract on homelessness.