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Street food, or sidewalk food, street food are foods and beverages that are prepared or ready to process and served on the spot according to the requirements of the customer displayed on the pavement or sidewalk. Street in the streets, crowded neighborhoods or other public places, such as a supermarket, park, tourist area, entertainment spot, outdoor dining street... common street food It is sold on mobile restaurants, temporary eateries or from a mobile stalls to a variety of trolleys. According to the concept of the World Health Organization (WHO), street food is any food or drink that is prepared or prepared, cooked on the spot, ready-to-eat and sold on the street. In public.

Characteristics of street foods
Most street food is served on site and fast food. Street food costs less than a meal in a restaurant and are fast, convenient, affordable so it's highly competitive and consumed in large quantities. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), approximately 2.5 billion people eat street food every day. Street food is closely related to takeout, snacks (street food, snacks), snacks, fast food, it is distinguished By local flavor and bought on the road. Street, without entering any headquarters or construction works. For a long time, street food is a need of urban people, the development of street food is an inevitable need of society, bringing many conveniences to consumers. However, besides this convenience are dangers to the health, lives of customers, even the community. There are three basic types of street food: fixed store, street food, and street food vendor. Street food is becoming increasingly popular along with an urbanized lifestyle because of its positives to society:


 * It provides an affordable and nutritious food source that is typically rich in nutrients and has a distinctive flavor (due to the cooker's own experience). Street food is often varied and convenient for low-income earners and time-constrained people, while also appealing to both tourists and economists.


 * Convenience for consumers, diversified and attractive food sources play an important role in providing food for society.
 * Creating a significant source of income for many people, especially women, the main source of labor participating in street food services (especially women, people migrating from rural to urban areas). This type of business has brought business opportunities, creating a starting point for those with little business capital (investment in this industry requires little capital and does not need much equipment).
 * Sometimes street food is also a typical culinary culture of each region, each country.

Besides its positives, it's also its negatives, that is:


 * Food safety and hygiene. The seller often has a basic regime of food hygiene and safety, with limited economic conditions, so food can be easily modified, affecting the health of the user. The production and sale work lacks the base floor and the sanitary environment (providing clean water, treating garbage, waste, bio-technology...).
 * This activity is also difficult to control due to the diversity, temporary mobility, season...
 * Threats to public health (food poisoning, food-borne diseases), affecting the urban landscape and civilization.

Street foods in Vietnam
Street food and street vendors are a unique cultural feature of the Vietnamese community. It reflects the lifestyle and social development in Vietnam that using street food is a habit of many Vietnamese people. The development of this type of street food service is an inevitable need of life, for convenience, cheapness, creating jobs ... especially for countries in the process of modern industrialization Chemical.

Especially in densely populated urban areas and the rising cost of living makes many people accept the use of street food. According to the survey data of the Nutrition Center of Ho Chi Minh City, there are 95.5% of people using street food, of which 51% are for daily meals, 82% for meals. Breakfast In Vietnam, there are many delicious dishes such as fried spring rolls in Hanoi, in addition, the street food is extremely diverse, abundant such as Hu tiu, vermicelli, porridge, Quang noodle, banh canh, bread tongs, noodle soup ...

However, besides the benefits that street food brings, it also means many risks that do not guarantee the health of consumers in Vietnam, especially in small, spontaneous restaurants, the risk of insecurity. The higher the food safety and safety, the higher the health and the life of users, even the community. In big cities, sidewalk eateries sprout up a lot, though unhygienic but always crowded. Regulations on sanctioning violations related to street food are not feasible

Even in Vietnam from rural to urban areas, from lowland to upland areas, from islands to mountainous areas everywhere, street food is available in many forms which has been strongly and diversified. Displayed for sale on the sidewalk, in front of some agencies and units of the streets, markets, wharves, bus stations, in front of the gates of schools, hospitals ... ready to meet the needs of customers at any time. Any time, any place ... and customers still eat and drink right at the sidewalk shops without paying attention to hygiene and the environment is polluted by road dust and smoke caused by passing vehicles. In fact, in Vietnam today, mobile food shops, carrying street vendors, trolleys, and unhygienic carts are still roaming the streets of the city, close to the gates of schools, markets, hospitals ... The risk of food poisoning from street foods is very high.

First pig Investigating the Vietnam Ministry of Health on street food in 11 localities, most of the hands of street food dealers and processors are infected with E.coli bacteria like Hanoi, which is 43.42%, Saigon 67.5%, Da Nang 70.7%, even though they have been cooked, they still emit many harmful bacteria. In Nam Dinh, 100% of samples of sausages, sausages, spring rolls, ripe pig's heart had E.coli bacteria, while in Ho Chi Minh City 90% were infected with E.Coli, in addition, ice cream sold at the school gate here also infects 96% of the bacteria that cause digestive problems.

Also according to the authorities' data in 2002 that through the inspection of the 371 collective kitchens, the establishment met the sanitary requirements of 85%, of the 53 samples of rice noodles tested, still 48.2% of the samples. Not meeting physical - chemical standards, 79 chili sauce samples at the noodle stalls have 85% of the samples fail to meet the requirements. Testing of coloring products in confectionery, burns, ice cream and soft drinks still had 5/94 unsatisfactory samples. In 50 mixed tea samples of all kinds, 6 samples using cy-clam-ma-ty (sweetener) are not allowed to use.

Particularly in Ho Chi Minh City, 84.3% of street food does not ensure food hygiene and safety, 85.7% is sold on the roadside, of which 27% is sold near drains and ditches. , the landfill, public toilets and nearly 30% of customers when eating street food were poisoned (vomiting, diarrhea, stomachache) right after using, 3.5% of which had to hospitalization. In 2010, 25,434 food business establishments were inspected and 3,940 violating establishments were found. In which, the most violations are the production and trading of food in an unhygienic environment (nearly 20%), and unsanitary food containers (16%). food safety and hygiene violations belong to small fixed businesses and street food sellers.

Another result also in Ho Chi Minh City is that up to 26.8% of street food cases are used for further sale in the next day, 28.9% of customers have stomach pain, vomiting. , diarrhea after eating street food (the rate of hospitalization for street food poisoning is 3.5%), 43.5% of sellers use their hands (do not use tools to pick up food) to pick up food eat. Among them, nearly half of the shopkeepers have long nails or short nails that are not clean. None of the vendors wore a mask and apron when selling as required. In addition, nearly 30% of street food stalls are located near landfills, toilets, sewerage areas, 100% of establishments do not have enough clean water to use.... items of unknown origin, origin or using additives outside the authorized list of the Ministry of Health such as RhodamineB color, borax, and hormone.

According to other survey results, Hanoi street cooked food has an E.coli infection rate of 70-90% with mixed salad, sour rolls, sausages, and rice rolls ... Also according to this survey, the table The food service's hands are very dirty. Also in the capital, the proportion of hands of street food service workers infected with E.coli accounts for more than 40%. Food experts stated that, with such food processing, food poisoning, intestinal infections, worms, and fluke infections are inevitable.

In Hue, 98% of street food establishments do not meet sanitary standards. Currently, up to 98% of street food businesses do not meet hygiene and safety standards, the rate of microbiological contamination in food samples in street restaurants is up to nearly 70%. In particular, two types of street foods frequently used by students and students are bread and ice cream, the rate of not meeting hygienic standards is up to nearly 67%. In some street food businesses, dirty processing technology, poor quality food sources, for example, the cases reported by the press such as: To have a fertile chicken broth, many loads of goods Seaweed has had varnish used to polish wood into a pot of water, when processing, the piles of beef, bones, onions, vegetables are arranged heaped on a sticky cement floor with dirt and fat. The bowl and chopsticks are washed in a basin of black water like sewage, around the basin of beef fat sticking to black mold for a long time. The bowl and chopsticks are washed through one time of water the seller displays food right on the manhole cover or next to the place where the garbage is stinking, the flies fly full, landing on the food. Food is stored in plastic bags or placed on some temporary bricks and then placed on the ground, close to the road without cover.

In Vietnam, 94% of street food is neglected, cannot be managed or monitored. The Vietnamese Ministry of Health has repeatedly warned about the risk of epidemics from street food, but a large part of the population is still not interested. Contrary to these warnings, in big cities, street food stalls still sprout, despite knowing unsanitary many potential risks, acute diarrhea, cholera, food poisoning, diners still eat and the sellers and the eaters are still crowded. Experts say that the reappearance of cholera during the summer transition period will have more opportunities to spread if people do not have effective awareness of disease prevention.

Street food sellers often do not (or have little) understanding about ensuring food hygiene and safety for consumers, even some people for the immediate benefit of looking down on the health and lives of diners, Poor infrastructure, roads, dusty sidewalks, raw materials for food processing are almost out of the control of authorities. The preservation and processing of street food are often not guaranteed, the ingredients are often susceptible to microbiological contamination, cheap and of unknown origin ... Non-standard food containers, portion foods Large, uncovered, or sketchy, and the shopkeepers pick up the food with bare hands and count the money. Food stalls are mostly located on the ground, close to sewers, manholes, public toilets, hospitals ... Statistics show that there have been over 55 cases of food poisoning caused by street food, causing more than 1,300 deaths within three years (from 2005 to 2008).

Specialist
1. Pho

As a dish of Vietnamese street food that people "turn the thumb" most, it is probably pho. Pho is a typical traditional dish of the North. Just walking along the roads in the big city, you can see the street noodle shops everywhere. Pho consists of fairly simple ingredients including pho noodles, chicken or beef, broth topped with crumbs and herbs. Just with 30.000vnđ, you have in hand a delicious and 	delicious pho bowl.

2. Bun cha

And certainly cannot forget the scene of former US President Barack Obama and chef Anthony Bourdain enjoying a noodle dish, a familiar street food of Vietnamese people, in delight and satisfaction. If pho is always considered as breakfast, bun cha is the number one choice of lunches for the people of the capital. Vermicelli consists of grilled meat balls in a sweet and sour broth. The way to eat bun cha is to take vermicelli and vegetables dipped in the broth to eat with meat. Bun cha combined to create an attractive flavor that cannot be denied. But the price is still very reasonable, only from 30,000 VND - 35,000 VND / bowl.

3. Sup cua

Crab soup is a very easy-to-eat dish that almost everyone loves. Moreover, with nutritious ingredients such as eggs, crab meat, broth ... crab soup is eaten by Saigonese as a snack or can also be a main dish. Crab soup appears everywhere from trolleys to restaurants in Saigon. The average price for a hot crab soup is only about 10,000 VND.

4. Noodles, knocked noodles

Noodles, knocked noodles are familiar everyday dishes, especially for students, students and working people, this is a delicious and popular dish in Vietnam. It is very popular because it is both delicious and cheap. The price is only from 20,000 VND-25,000 VND / rate.