User:TrudiJ/Margaret C. Whiting

Margaret C. Whiting (1860-1946), was the co-founder, with Ellen Miller, of the Deerfield Society of Blue and White Needlework, where she contributed her skills as a designer and teacher, and provided leadership for the organization. Whiting was born in Chester, Massachusetts, and went to school in Chicopee and Holyoke, Massachusetts. While living in Holyoke, she taught sewing at the Holyoke Women's Club. With her widowed mother and her sister, she moved to Deerfield in 1895, where Ellen Miller's family had lived since 1893. She and Ellen Miller both studied at the National Academy of Design, and in the summer of 1884, they were students of Robert Crannell Minor, part of the Barbizon school of painters. In 1895, Whiting and Miller together wrote and illustrated Wild Flowers of the Northeastern States. After seeing examples of old embroidery at the Memorial Hall Museum and in the possession of families in the area, she and Ellen Miller decided to make a replica of each piece, learning new stitches as needed. Finding that others were Interested in purchasing the works they were making, and being aware of John Ruskin's writings about village industries, they decided to form a group of individuals from Deerfield who would create distinctive works in the older style they had discovered in the museum. The Deerfield Society of Blue and White Needlework was founded in August 1896, the first of Deerfield's village industries which coalesced in 1899 to form the Deerfield Society of Arts and Crafts. Whiting's leadership included finding buyers, arranging for exhibits, and overseeing the production of the embroidered pieces. She, along with Miller, also was involved in designing and embroidering pieces of needlework. While their designs were based on colonial-era pieces, they modernized them, both in functionality and style. Their designs were more formal and less spontaneous that the earlier designs, with a sense of the Arts and Crafts aesthetic of the time. Works from the Society, at times including those of Whiting, were exhibited widely, including in New York, Boston, Detroit, New Orleans, Cincinnati, and also in Deerfield itself. The Blue and White Society participated in the 1915 World's Fair in San Francisco, the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, and was awarded a silver medal for both the design and the color of "embroideries of original design." Whiting possessed a gold medal from this Exposition, which might have been won for the Society's pomegranate head cloth. Later in life, Whiting had difficulty with her eyesight and with rheumatism in her fingers, and was not able to continue working with fine threads in delicate embroidery designs. The Society was able to continue during the First World War, despite shortages of materials, time to embroider, and orders, but in 1926 Whiting announced its disbanding. She died in 1946 in Deerfield.