User:Turner chris1/sandbox

A submersible pump (or electric submersible pump (ESP)) is a device which has a hermetically sealed motor close-coupled to the pump body. The type is normally a centrifugal, but positive displacement pumps (such as progressive cavity pumps) are also available. The whole assembly is submerged in the fluid to be pumped. This type of pump has become increasingly popular, particularly in the water industry and industry in general for the pumping of water and wastewater, in boreholes and water wells, and in artificial lift stations for pumping crude oil in the oil and gas industry.

The main advantages of ESPs include:


 * No inlet pipework
 * Elimination of the associated costs and below-ground hazards of dry well structures in pumping stations.
 * Cooling of the pump by the surrounding fluid.
 * Noise control.
 * Fewer NPSH and cavitation problems.

Disadvantages include:


 * Exposure of the body of the pump to the pumped fluid possibly causing corrosion, contamination (of the pumped fluid) and maintenance issues (e.g. sewage adhering to the outside of the pump, lifting chains and cable).
 * Higher initial capital cost for an ESP (which may be offset by the advantages) compared to a "standard" centrifugal pump.