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Art Gallery: Investigating System Interactions

System 1

Specialized cells: cardiomyocytes.

Tissues: epithelial, muscular, nervous (from vagus and sympathetic trunk but not electrical conduction system) and connective tissue (Sherwood).

Organs: heart and blood vessels.

Organ system: cardiovascular.

System 2

Specialized cells: Alveolus Goblet cells, basal cells, respiratory epithelium (Sherwood).

Tissues:  muscle tissues, connective tissues, and epithelial tissues.

Organs: Nose and nasal cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs (Sherwood).

Organ system: respiratory system.

System 3

Specialized cells: mesangial cells, glomerular cells, the loop of Henle, podocytes, tubules (Sherwood).

Tissues: connective, epithelial tissue, adipose tissue.

Organs: kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra. Renal blood vessels.

Organ system: urinary system.

Interaction of The Above Systems

The respiratory, cardiovascular system and the urinary system interrelate by way of their functions. Such that the respiratory system is involved in the exchange of oxygen and the carbon dioxide that are important for cell functioning (Ionescu 13-22). On the other side, the cardiovascular system is responsible for carrying the oxygen to the cells and removing the carbon dioxide from the cells and tissues on every other part of the body. Lastly, the urinary system, with the function of the primary organ that is the kidney, it allows for the excretion of waste products that come from various parts of the body brought by blood (a component of the cardiovascular system). That is the skeleton of how the three system interacts to ensure that the human body is at optimal health.

A Disorder That Affects All the 3 Systems

Hypertension condition affects all the three systems. It is a disorder characterized by increased blood pressure (Control, and Association).

The Cells, Tissues and Organs Hypertension Impacts

Hypertension affects the heart muscles by increasing its activity, and as a result the functions of other organs will be affected to compensate the high blood pressures (Spallone et al. 639-653). The cardiac cells also increase their contractility to supply oxygen to the issues to meet the increasing demand.

In the analysis of the three systems, the following organs for the respiratory system will be affected: the trachea, bronchus, and bronchioles. These organs will widen to allow adequate oxygen needed by muscles that are actively contracting. The alveolus which is the cell involved in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide will then increase its ability to absorb oxygen and excrete the carbon dioxide. Other compensatory mechanisms done by the respiratory system include increased breathing to facilitate a sufficient supply of oxygen to tissues (Pittman 1-100).

When it comes to the urinary system, the kidney will perform various activities to reduce the effect of this disorder. It includes regulating the amount of sodium chloride and water in the blood. There will consist of the activation of the renin-angiotensin system that works to control blood pressure (te Riet et al. 960-975).

Imaging The Cells, Tissues and Organs Affected by Hypertension

The affected cardiac cells may have been enlarged, and only the use of x-ray radiography can easily detect this (Bravin et al. R1-R35). There are no significant imaging tests that can be done for the respiratory system and urinary system. However, some subjective data such as elevated breathing patterns can be indicators of the existence of the disorder.